Betula L.
(birches)

Interactions where Betula is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'References').

Filters:

Affected Part Summary Taxon Vernacular Classification References Darwin Classification of Active Taxon Active Taxon Active Vernacular Active Taxon Uncertain Active State Active Part Active Stage Relationship Relationship Uncertain Relationship Geography Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon Passive Taxon Passive Vernacular Passive Taxon Uncertain Passive State Passive Part Passive Stage Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon Indoors etc Season Summary
may have adult Cryptocephalus bipunctatus a leaf beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Cryptocephalus bipunctatus/Cryptocephalus bipunctatusa leaf beetleadult Plant / resting place / on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches (4-late 8)adult may be found on
pollen? is foodplant of adult Cryptocephalus labiatus a leaf beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Cryptocephalus labiatus/Cryptocephalus labiatusa leaf beetleadult Foodplant / feeds on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchespollen? (3-11)adult feeds on pollen?
young may have adult Major Cryptocephalus parvulus a leaf beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Cryptocephalus parvulus/Cryptocephalus parvulusa leaf beetleadult Plant / resting place / on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesyoungMajor (4-9)adult may be found on young
sapling may have adult Major Cryptocephalus punctiger Blue Pepper-pot Beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Cryptocephalus punctiger/Cryptocephalus punctigerblue pepper-pot beetleadult Plant / resting place / on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchessaplingMajor (5-8)adult may be found on sapling
sapling may have adult Major Cryptocephalus pusillus a leaf beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Cryptocephalus pusillus/Cryptocephalus pusillusa leaf beetleadult Plant / resting place / on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchessaplingMajor (5-10)adult may be found on sapling
may have adult Cryptocephalus sexpunctatus 6-spotted Pot Beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Cryptocephalus sexpunctatus/Cryptocephalus sexpunctatus6-spotted pot beetleadult Plant / resting place / on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches (5-7)adult may be found on
is foodplant of Luperus flavipes a leaf beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Luperus flavipes/Luperus flavipesa leaf beetle Foodplant / feeds on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches feeds on
is foodplant of Luperus longicornis a leaf beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Luperus longicornis/Luperus longicornisa leaf beetle Foodplant / feeds on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches feeds on
may have adult Orsodacne humeralis a leaf beetle Coleoptera: Orsodacnidae Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Orsodacnidae/Orsodacne humeralis/Orsodacne humeralisa leaf beetleadult Plant / resting place / on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches (4,6)adult may be found on
is associate of Coeliodinus nigritarsis a weevil Coleoptera: Curculionidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Coeliodinus nigritarsis/Coeliodinus nigritarsisa weevil Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches is associated with
is associate of Coeliodinus rubicundus a weevil Coleoptera: Curculionidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Coeliodinus rubicundus/Coeliodinus rubicundusa weevil Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches is associated with
is foodplant of larva UK/IrelandQuestionable Cryptorhynchus lapathi Withy Beetle, Withy Weevil Coleoptera: Curculionidae True Weevils (Part I): Family Curculionidae, subfamilies Raymondionyminae to Smicronychinae, Morris, M.G., 2002
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Cryptorhynchus lapathi/Cryptorhynchus lapathiwithy beetle, withy weevillarva Foodplant / feeds onUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches? larva feeds on
is associate of Curculio betulae a weevil Coleoptera: Curculionidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Curculio betulae/Curculio betulaea weevil Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches is associated with
is associate of Curculio rubidus a weevil Coleoptera: Curculionidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Curculio rubidus/Curculio rubidusa weevil Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches is associated with
is foodplant of Polydrusus formosus a weevil Coleoptera: Curculionidae Broad-Nosed Weevils (Entiminae), Morris, M.G., 1997
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Polydrusus (Chrysophis) formosus/Polydrusus (Chrysophis) formosusa weevil Foodplant / feeds on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches feeds on
is foodplant of Polydrusus flavipes a weevil Coleoptera: Curculionidae Broad-Nosed Weevils (Entiminae), Morris, M.G., 1997
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Polydrusus (Eustolus) flavipes/Polydrusus (Eustolus) flavipesa weevil Foodplant / feeds on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches feeds on
is foodplant of Polydrusus pterygomalis a weevil Coleoptera: Curculionidae Broad-Nosed Weevils (Entiminae), Morris, M.G., 1997
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Polydrusus (Eustolus) pterygomalis/Polydrusus (Eustolus) pterygomalisa weevil Foodplant / feeds on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches feeds on
is foodplant of Major Polydrusus marginatus a weevil Coleoptera: Curculionidae Broad-Nosed Weevils (Entiminae), Morris, M.G., 1997
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Polydrusus (Metallites) marginatus/Polydrusus (Metallites) marginatusa weevil Foodplant / feeds on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesMajor feeds on
is foodplant of Major Polydrusus cervinus a weevil Coleoptera: Curculionidae Broad-Nosed Weevils (Entiminae), Morris, M.G., 1997
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Polydrusus (Neoeustolus) cervinus/Polydrusus (Neoeustolus) cervinusa weevil Foodplant / feeds on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesMajor feeds on
is foodplant of Major Polydrusus tereticollis a weevil Coleoptera: Curculionidae Broad-Nosed Weevils (Entiminae), Morris, M.G., 1997
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Polydrusus (Polydrusus) tereticollis/Polydrusus (Polydrusus) tereticollisa weevil Foodplant / feeds on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesMajor feeds on
is foodplant of Otiorhynchus scaber a weevil Coleoptera: Curculionidae Broad-Nosed Weevils (Entiminae), Morris, M.G., 1997
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Otiorhynchus (Otiorhynchus) scaber/Otiorhynchus (Otiorhynchus) scabera weevil Foodplant / feeds on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches feeds on
is foodplant of Phyllobius argentatus Silver-green Leaf Weevil Coleoptera: Curculionidae Broad-Nosed Weevils (Entiminae), Morris, M.G., 1997
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Phyllobius (Dieletus) argentatus/Phyllobius (Dieletus) argentatussilver-green leaf weevil Foodplant / feeds on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches feeds on
is foodplant of Phyllobius glaucus a leaf weevil Coleoptera: Curculionidae Broad-Nosed Weevils (Entiminae), Morris, M.G., 1997
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Phyllobius (Metaphyllobius) glaucus/Phyllobius (Metaphyllobius) glaucusa leaf weevil Foodplant / feeds on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches feeds on
is foodplant of Major Phyllobius pyri Common Leaf Weevil Coleoptera: Curculionidae Broad-Nosed Weevils (Entiminae), Morris, M.G., 1997
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Phyllobius (Phyllobius) pyri/Phyllobius (Phyllobius) pyricommon leaf weevil Foodplant / feeds on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesMajor feeds on
is associate of Orchestes calceatus a weevil Coleoptera: Curculionidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Orchestes (Orchestes) calceatus/Orchestes (Orchestes) calceatusa weevil Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches is associated with
is associate of Orchestes rusci a weevil Coleoptera: Curculionidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Orchestes (Orchestes) rusci/Orchestes (Orchestes) ruscia weevil Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches is associated with
is foodplant of Hylecoetus dermestoides a timber beetle Coleoptera: Lymexylidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Lymexylidae/Hylecoetus dermestoides/Hylecoetus dermestoidesa timber beetle Foodplant / feeds on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches feeds on
is associate of Melandrya caraboides a false darkling beetle Coleoptera: Melandryidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Melandryidae/Melandrya caraboides/Melandrya caraboidesa false darkling beetle Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches is associated with
is associate of Corticeus unicolor a darkling beetle Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Tenebrionidae/Corticeus unicolor/Corticeus unicolora darkling beetle Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches is associated with
is associate of Paraphotistus impressus a click beetle Coleoptera: Elateridae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Elateridae/Paraphotistus impressus/Paraphotistus impressusa click beetle Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches is associated with
is associate of Diacanthous undulatus a click beetle Coleoptera: Elateridae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Elateridae/Diacanthous undulatus/Diacanthous undulatusa click beetle Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches is associated with
is grazed by larva Minor Thaumetopoea processionea Oak Processionary Lepidoptera: Notodontidae Oak Processionary Moth Pest Risk Analysis, Evans, H.F., 2008
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Lepidoptera/Notodontidae/Thaumetopoea processionea/Thaumetopoea processioneaoak processionarylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesMinor larva grazes on
is associate of UK/Ireland Blepharidopterus angulatus Black-kneed Apple Capsid Hemiptera: Miridae Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Miridae/Blepharidopterus angulatus/Blepharidopterus angulatusblack-kneed apple capsid Plant / associateUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches is associated with
has sap sucked by adult UK/Ireland Psallus betuleti a plantbug Hemiptera: Miridae Notes on the Recording and Identification of Psallus, Nau, B.S., 1984
Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Miridae/Psallus (Apocremnus) betuleti/Psallus (Apocremnus) betuletia plantbugadult Foodplant / sap suckerUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches (5)6-7)adult sucks sap of
has sap sucked by nymph Psallus betuleti a plantbug Hemiptera: Miridae Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Miridae/Psallus (Apocremnus) betuleti/Psallus (Apocremnus) betuletia plantbugnymph Foodplant / sap sucker /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches (late 4-mid 6)nymph sucks sap of
has sap sucked by adult UK/Ireland Psallus falleni a plantbug Hemiptera: Miridae Notes on the Recording and Identification of Psallus, Nau, B.S., 1984
Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Miridae/Psallus (Psallus) falleni/Psallus (Psallus) fallenia plantbugadult Foodplant / sap suckerUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches (7)8-9)adult sucks sap of
has sap sucked by nymph Psallus falleni a plantbug Hemiptera: Miridae Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Miridae/Psallus (Psallus) falleni/Psallus (Psallus) fallenia plantbugnymph Foodplant / sap sucker /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches nymph sucks sap of
esp. with catkins has sap sucked by adult Major Elasmostethus interstinctus Birch Shieldbug Hemiptera: Acanthosomatidae Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Acanthosomatidae/Elasmostethus interstinctus/Elasmostethus interstinctusbirch shieldbugadult Foodplant / sap sucker /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesesp. with catkinsMajor adult sucks sap of esp. with catkins
has sap sucked by adult Elasmucha grisea Parent Bug Hemiptera: Acanthosomatidae Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Acanthosomatidae/Elasmucha grisea/Elasmucha griseaparent bugadult Foodplant / sap sucker /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches adult sucks sap of
has sap sucked by Symydobius oblongus an aphid Hemiptera: Aphididae Forests and Wood Ants in Scotland, Hughes, J. & Broome, A., 2007
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Aphididae/Symydobius oblongus/Symydobius oblongusan aphid Foodplant / sap sucker /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches sucks sap of
leaf is spotted by pycnidium of Marssonina coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Marssonina betulae a coelomycete Helotiales: Dermateaceae Birch dieback in Scotland, Green, S., 2005
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Marssonina betulae/Marssonina betulaea coelomycetepycnidiumMarssonina coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / spot causerUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaf pycnidium of Marssonina coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on leaf
is associate of apothecium UK/Ireland Caloscypha fulgens Golden Cup Pezizales: Caloscyphaceae Profiles of Fungi No. 75: Caloscypha fulgens, Spooner, B.M. & Ainsworth, A.M., 1996
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Pezizomycetes/Pezizales/Caloscyphaceae/Caloscypha fulgens/Caloscypha fulgensgolden cupapothecium Plant / associateUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches (Spring)apothecium is associated with
shoot (young) may be infected and damaged by UK/Ireland Gnomonia intermedia an ascomycete Diaporthales: Gnomoniaceae Birch dieback in Scotland, Green, S., 2005
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Gnomoniaceae/Gnomonia intermedia/Gnomonia intermediaan ascomycete Foodplant / pathogenUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesshoot (young) infects and damages shoot (young)
leaf is spotted by UK/Ireland Gnomonia intermedia an ascomycete Diaporthales: Gnomoniaceae Birch dieback in Scotland, Green, S., 2005
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Gnomoniaceae/Gnomonia intermedia/Gnomonia intermediaan ascomycete Foodplant / spot causerUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaf causes spots on leaf
shoot (young) may be infected and damaged by UK/Ireland Anisogramma virgultorum a stromatic pyrenomycete Diaporthales: Valsaceae Birch dieback in Scotland, Green, S., 2005
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Valsaceae/Anisogramma virgultorum/Anisogramma virgultoruma stromatic pyrenomycete Foodplant / pathogenUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesshoot (young) infects and damages shoot (young)
is foodplant of erumpent, wart-like, surrounded by torn peridium, pseudolocellate stroma of Cytodiplospora coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Cytodiplospora betulae a coelomycete Diaporthales: Valsaceae British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Valsaceae/Cytodiplospora betulae/Cytodiplospora betulaea coelomyceteerumpent, wart-like, surrounded by torn peridium, pseudolocellatestromaCytodiplospora coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / feeds onUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches erumpent, wart-like, surrounded by torn peridium, pseudolocellate stroma of Cytodiplospora coelomycetous anamorph feeds on
is decayed by perithecium Minor Nectria galligena Apple and Pear Canker Hypocreales: Nectriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Nectria galligena/Nectria galligenaapple and pear cankerperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesMinor (1-12)perithecium is saprobic on
is decayed by superficial stroma UK/Ireland Daldinia concentrica King Alfred’S Cake, Cramp-ball Xylariales: Xylariaceae Daldinia concentrica versus Daldinia vernicosa, Whalley, A.J.S. & Watling, R., 1980
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Daldinia concentrica/Daldinia concentricaKing Alfred’s cake, cramp-ballsuperficialstroma Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches superficial stroma is saprobic on
is decayed by colony of Taeniolella dematiaceous anamorph UK/Ireland Taeniolina scripta a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Taeniolina scripta/Taeniolina scriptaa dematiaceous anamorphic funguscolonyTaeniolella dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches colony of Taeniolella dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on
is associate of fruitbody UK/IrelandMinor Agaricus lutosus a mushroom Agaricales: Agaricaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Agaricaceae/Agaricus lutosus/Agaricus lutosusa mushroomfruitbody Plant / associateUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesMinor fruitbody is associated with
is associate of fruitbody UK/IrelandMinor Agaricus subfloccosus a mushroom Agaricales: Agaricaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Agaricaceae/Agaricus subfloccosus/Agaricus subfloccosusa mushroomfruitbody Plant / associateUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesMinor fruitbody is associated with
is associate of fruitbody Lycoperdon caudatum Pedicel Puffball, Pedicelled Puffball Agaricales: Agaricaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Agaricaceae/Lycoperdon caudatum/Lycoperdon caudatumpedicel puffball, pedicelled puffballfruitbody Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches fruitbody is associated with
is associate of fruitbody Minor Lycoperdon echinatum Spiny Puffball, Hedgehog Puffball Agaricales: Agaricaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Agaricaceae/Lycoperdon echinatum/Lycoperdon echinatumspiny puffball, hedgehog puffballfruitbody Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesMinor fruitbody is associated with
is associate of fruitbody Galerina viscidula a toadstool Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Galerina viscidula/Galerina viscidulaa toadstoolfruitbody Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches fruitbody is associated with
is associate of fruitbody UK/Ireland Hebeloma aestivale a poisonpie Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Hebeloma aestivale/Hebeloma aestivalea poisonpiefruitbody Plant / associateUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches fruitbody is associated with
is associate of fruitbody UK/Ireland Hebeloma birrus a poisonpie Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Hebeloma birrus/Hebeloma birrusa poisonpiefruitbody Plant / associateUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches fruitbody is associated with
is associate of fruitbody Major Hebeloma crustuliniforme Poisonpie Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Hebeloma crustuliniforme/Hebeloma crustuliniformepoisonpiefruitbody Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesMajor fruitbody is associated with
is associate of fruitbody UK/Ireland Hebeloma fragilipes a poisonpie Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Hebeloma fragilipes/Hebeloma fragilipesa poisonpiefruitbody Plant / associateUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches fruitbody is associated with
is associate of fruitbody Major Hebeloma helodes a poisonpie Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Hebeloma helodes/Hebeloma helodesa poisonpiefruitbody Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesMajor fruitbody is associated with
is associate of fruitbody UK/Ireland Hebeloma hetieri a poisonpie Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Hebeloma hetieri/Hebeloma hetieria poisonpiefruitbody Plant / associateUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches fruitbody is associated with
is associate of fruitbody Major Hebeloma leucosarx Birch Poisonpie Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Hebeloma leucosarx/Hebeloma leucosarxbirch poisonpiefruitbody Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesMajor fruitbody is associated with
is associate of fruitbody Hebeloma nauseosum a poisonpie Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Hebeloma nauseosum/Hebeloma nauseosuma poisonpiefruitbody Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches fruitbody is associated with
is associate of fruitbody Hebeloma populinum a poisonpie Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Hebeloma populinum/Hebeloma populinuma poisonpiefruitbody Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches fruitbody is associated with
is associate of fruitbody Questionable Hebeloma vaccinum Willow Poisonpie Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Hebeloma vaccinum/Hebeloma vaccinumwillow poisonpiefruitbody Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches? fruitbody is associated with
is associate of fruitbody Minor Entoloma sinuatum Livid Pinkgill Agaricales: Entolomataceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Entolomataceae/Entoloma sinuatum/Entoloma sinuatumlivid pinkgillfruitbody Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesMinor (autumn (spring)fruitbody is associated with
is associate of fruitbody Major Entoloma turbidum a toadstool Agaricales: Entolomataceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Entolomataceae/Entoloma turbidum/Entoloma turbiduma toadstoolfruitbody Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesMajor fruitbody is associated with
is associate of fruitbody Entoloma minutum a toadstool Agaricales: Entolomataceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Entolomataceae/Entoloma minutum/Entoloma minutuma toadstoolfruitbody Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches fruitbody is associated with
is associate of fruitbody Entoloma testaceum a toadstool Agaricales: Entolomataceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Entolomataceae/Entoloma testaceum/Entoloma testaceuma toadstoolfruitbody Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches fruitbody is associated with
is associate of fruitbody Minor Hygrocybe cantharellus Goblet Waxcap Agaricales: Hygrophoraceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Hygrophoraceae/Hygrocybe cantharellus/Hygrocybe cantharellusgoblet waxcapfruitbody Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesMinor fruitbody is associated with
is associate of fruitbody Major Myochromella boudieri a greyling Agaricales: Lyophyllaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Lyophyllaceae/Myochromella boudieri/Myochromella boudieria greylingfruitbody Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesMajor fruitbody is associated with
debris is decayed by fruitbody Marasmius torquescens a toadstool Agaricales: Marasmiaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Marasmiaceae/Marasmius torquescens/Marasmius torquescensa toadstoolfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdebris fruitbody is saprobic on debris
is associate of fruitbody Minor Hohenbuehelia petaloides an oyster fungus Agaricales: Pleurotaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Pleurotaceae/Hohenbuehelia petaloides/Hohenbuehelia petaloidesan oyster fungusfruitbody Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesMinor fruitbody is associated with
is associate of fruitbody UK/IrelandRestricted Psathyrella gossypina a brittlestem Agaricales: Psathyrellaceae Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Psathyrellaceae/Psathyrella gossypina/Psathyrella gossypinaa brittlestemfruitbody Plant / associateUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesSole fruitbody is associated with
is associate of fruitbody UK/Ireland Psathyrella senex a brittlestem Agaricales: Psathyrellaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Psathyrellaceae/Psathyrella senex/Psathyrella senexa brittlestemfruitbody Plant / associateUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches fruitbody is associated with
is associate of fruitbody UK/Ireland Gymnopilus neerlandicus a toadstool Agaricales: Strophariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Strophariaceae/Gymnopilus neerlandicus/Gymnopilus neerlandicusa toadstoolfruitbody Plant / associateUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches fruitbody is associated with
is associate of fruitbody Minor Naucoria bohemica an aldercap Agaricales: Strophariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Strophariaceae/Naucoria bohemica/Naucoria bohemicaan aldercapfruitbody Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesMinor fruitbody is associated with
is associate of fruitbody Pholiota mixta a scalycap Agaricales: Strophariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Strophariaceae/Pholiota mixta/Pholiota mixtaa scalycapfruitbody Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches fruitbody is associated with
is associate of fruitbody Leucopaxillus paradoxus a funnel Agaricales: Tricholomataceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Tricholomataceae/Leucopaxillus paradoxus/Leucopaxillus paradoxusa funnelfruitbody Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches fruitbody is associated with
is associate of fruitbody UK/Ireland Melanomphalia nigrescens an ear fungus Agaricales: Tricholomataceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Tricholomataceae/Melanomphalia nigrescens/Melanomphalia nigrescensan ear fungusfruitbody Plant / associateUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches fruitbody is associated with
is associate of basidiome Chalciporus piperatus Peppery Bolete Boletales: Boletaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Boletes and their allies, Watling, R., Hills, A.E, & Turnbull, E., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Boletaceae/Chalciporus piperatus/Chalciporus piperatuspeppery boletebasidiome Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches basidiome is associated with
is associate of basidiome Cantharellus cibarius Chanterelle Cantharellales: Cantharellaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Cantharellales/Cantharellaceae/Cantharellus cibarius/Cantharellus cibariuschanterellebasidiome Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches basidiome is associated with
is associate of basidiome Cantharellus ferruginascens Pale Chanterelle Cantharellales: Cantharellaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Cantharellales/Cantharellaceae/Cantharellus ferruginascens/Cantharellus ferruginascenspale chanterellebasidiome Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches basidiome is associated with
is associate of basidiome UK/IrelandRestricted Cantharellus friesii Orange Chanterelle Cantharellales: Cantharellaceae Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Cantharellales/Cantharellaceae/Cantharellus friesii/Cantharellus friesiiorange chanterellebasidiome Plant / associateUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesSole basidiome is associated with
is associate of basidiome Minor Cantharellus tubaeformis Trumpet Chanterelle, Winter Chanterelle Cantharellales: Cantharellaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Cantharellales/Cantharellaceae/Cantharellus tubaeformis/Cantharellus tubaeformistrumpet chanterelle, winter chanterellebasidiome Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesMinor basidiome is associated with
is associate of fruitbody Minor Hydnum repandum Wood Hedgehog, Hedgehog Fungus Cantharellales: Hydnaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Cantharellales/Hydnaceae/Hydnum repandum/Hydnum repandumwood hedgehog, hedgehog fungusfruitbody Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesMinor fruitbody is associated with
is associate of fruitbody UK/Ireland Clavariadelphus ligula Ochre Club Gomphales: Clavariadelphaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Gomphales/Clavariadelphaceae/Clavariadelphus ligula/Clavariadelphus ligulaochre clubfruitbody Plant / associateUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches fruitbody is associated with
is associate of fruitbody Major Geastrum lageniforme Flask Earthstar, Flask-shaped Earthstar Geastrales: Geastraceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Geastrales/Geastraceae/Geastrum lageniforme/Geastrum lageniformeflask earthstar, flask-shaped earthstarfruitbody Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesMajor fruitbody is associated with
(dead, decaying) dead, decaying litter is decayed by fruitbody UK/Ireland Tubaria praestans a twiglet Agaricales: Tubariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Tubariaceae/Tubaria praestans/Tubaria praestansa twigletfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayinglitter fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decaying litter
(dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed litter is decayed by fruitbody Minor Mycena amicta Coldfoot Bonnet Agaricales: Mycenaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Mycenaceae/Mycena amicta/Mycena amictacoldfoot bonnetfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedlitterMinor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed litter
(dead) dead is decayed by colony of Chloridium anamorph UK/Ireland Chloridium lignicola an anamorphic fungus Chaetosphaeriales: Chaetosphaeriaceae Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Chaetosphaeriales/Chaetosphaeriaceae/Chloridium lignicola/Chloridium lignicolaan anamorphic funguscolonyChloridium anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead colony of Chloridium anamorph is saprobic on dead
(dead) dead is decayed by Cylindrodendrum anamorph UK/Ireland Cylindrodendrum album an anamorphic fungus Hypocreales: Nectriaceae Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Cylindrodendrum album/Cylindrodendrum albuman anamorphic fungusCylindrodendrum anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead Cylindrodendrum anamorph is saprobic on dead
(decayed, dead) decayed, dead litter is decayed by fruitbody Junghuhnia lacera a bracket fungus Polyporales: Meruliaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Meruliaceae/Junghuhnia lacera/Junghuhnia laceraa bracket fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdecayed, deadlitter fruitbody is saprobic on decayed, dead litter
(fungus infected) fungus infected is associate of densely crowded, stromatic perithecium Nectria magnusiana a pyrenomycete Hypocreales: Nectriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Nectria magnusiana/Nectria magnusianaa pyrenomycetedensely crowded, stromaticperithecium Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesfungus infected (8-4)densely crowded, stromatic perithecium is associated with fungus infected
(fungus infected) fungus infected is associate of stromatic Dendrodochium anamorph Nectria magnusiana a pyrenomycete Hypocreales: Nectriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Nectria magnusiana/Nectria magnusianaa pyrenomycetestromaticDendrodochium anamorph Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesfungus infected (8-4)stromatic Dendrodochium anamorph is associated with fungus infected
(lesioned) lesioned shoot (young) may be infected and damaged by pycnidum of Marssonina coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Marssonina betulae a coelomycete Helotiales: Dermateaceae Birch dieback in Scotland, Green, S., 2005
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Marssonina betulae/Marssonina betulaea coelomycetepycnidumMarssonina coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / pathogenUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheslesionedshoot (young) pycnidum of Marssonina coelomycetous anamorph infects and damages lesioned shoot (young)
(live, swampy) live, swampy is associate of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Entoloma roseoalbum a pinkgill Agaricales: Entolomataceae Some new British records in 2008, Kibby, G. & Burnham, A., 2009
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Entolomataceae/Entoloma roseoalbum/Entoloma roseoalbuma pinkgillfruitbody Plant / associateUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches?live, swampy fruitbody is associated with live, swampy
(live) live may have Minor Drepanothrips reuteri a thrips Thysanoptera: Thripidae Thysanoptera, Mound L.A., Morison, G.D., Pitkin, B.R. & Palmer, J.M., 1976
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Thysanoptera/Thripidae/Drepanothrips reuteri/Drepanothrips reuteria thrips Plant / resting place / on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliveMinor may be found on live
(live) live is parasitised by Asteroma coelomycetous anamorph UK/IrelandQuestionable Asteroma betulae a coelomycete Diaporthales: Gnomoniaceae Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Gnomoniaceae/Asteroma betulae/Asteroma betulaea coelomyceteAsteroma coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / parasiteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches?live Asteroma coelomycetous anamorph parasitises live
(live) live is associate of fruitbody Entoloma aethiops Black Pinkgill Agaricales: Entolomataceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Entolomataceae/Entoloma aethiops/Entoloma aethiopsblack pinkgillfruitbody Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheslive fruitbody is associated with live
(live) live is associate of fruitbody Entoloma allospermum a toadstool Agaricales: Entolomataceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Entolomataceae/Entoloma allospermum/Entoloma allospermuma toadstoolfruitbody Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheslive fruitbody is associated with live
(live) live is associate of fruitbody Entoloma caeruleoflocculosum a toadstool Agaricales: Entolomataceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Entolomataceae/Entoloma caeruleoflocculosum/Entoloma caeruleoflocculosuma toadstoolfruitbody Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheslive fruitbody is associated with live
(piled, decayed) piled, decayed sawdust is decayed by fruitbody Rare Pluteus petasatus Scaly Shield Agaricales: Pluteaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Pluteaceae/Pluteus petasatus/Pluteus petasatusscaly shieldfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchespiled, decayedsawdustRare fruitbody is saprobic on piled, decayed sawdust
(pyrenomycete infection) pyrenomycete infection is associate of perithecium Dialonectria episphaeria a pyrenomycete Hypocreales: Nectriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Dialonectria episphaeria/Dialonectria episphaeriaa pyrenomyceteperithecium Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchespyrenomycete infection (3-5)perithecium is associated with pyrenomycete infection
bark bark may contain UK/Ireland Trypodendron domesticum an ambrosia beetle Coleoptera: Curculionidae Fungi associated with ambrosia beetles in Great Britain., Bakshi, B.K., 1950
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Trypodendron domesticum/Trypodendron domesticuman ambrosia beetle Foodplant / internal feederUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesbark feeds within bark
bark bark may house hibernating naked prepupa Questionable Allantus togatus a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Allantus togatus/Allantus togatusa sawflynakedprepupa Plant / hibernates / within /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches?bark naked prepupa hibernates inside bark
bark bark may shelter adult Aradus betulae a flat bark bug Hemiptera: Aradidae Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Aradidae/Aradus betulae/Aradus betulaea flat bark bugadult Plant / resting place / under /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesbark (1-)7(-12)adult may be found under bark
bark bark may shelter adult Major Aradus depressus a flat bark bug Hemiptera: Aradidae Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Aradidae/Aradus depressus/Aradus depressusa flat bark bugadult Plant / resting place / under /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesbarkMajor adult may be found under bark
bark bark is decayed by scattered sporodochium of Bactrodesmium dematiaceous anamorph Bactrodesmium obovatum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Bactrodesmium obovatum/Bactrodesmium obovatuma dematiaceous anamorphic fungusscatteredsporodochiumBactrodesmium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesbark (1-12)scattered sporodochium of Bactrodesmium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on bark
bark bark is decayed by scattered or gregarious, inconspicuous, more or less superficial hysterothecium UK/IrelandMajor Hysterium pulicare a coffee bean fungus Hysteriales: Hysteriaceae British species of Hysterium, Gloniopsis, Dichaena and Mytilidion, Bisby, G.R., 1941
British Ascomycetes, Dennis, R.W.G., 1978
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Hysteriales/Hysteriaceae/Hysterium pulicare/Hysterium pulicarea coffee bean fungusscattered or gregarious, inconspicuous, more or less superficialhysterothecium Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesbarkMajor (3-5)scattered or gregarious, inconspicuous, more or less superficial hysterothecium is saprobic on bark
bark bark is decayed by effuse colony of Monodictys dematiaceous anamorph UK/Ireland Monodictys paradoxa a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Monodictys paradoxa/Monodictys paradoxaa dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyMonodictys dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesbark (1-12)effuse colony of Monodictys dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on bark
bark bark is decayed by Oidiodendron dematiaceous anamorph Oidiodendron tenuissimum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Onygenales: Myxotrichaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Eurotiomycetes/Onygenales/Myxotrichaceae/Oidiodendron tenuissimum/Oidiodendron tenuissimuma dematiaceous anamorphic fungusOidiodendron dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesbark (1-12)Oidiodendron dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on bark
bark bark is decayed by gregarious apothecium Clavidisculum microsporum a discomycete Helotiales: Hyaloscyphaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Hyaloscyphaceae/Clavidisculum microsporum/Clavidisculum microsporuma discomycetegregariousapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesbark (2)gregarious apothecium is saprobic on bark
bark bark is decayed by apothecium Orbilia xanthostigma Common Glasscup Orbiliales: Orbiliaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Orbiliomycetes/Orbiliales/Orbiliaceae/Orbilia xanthostigma/Orbilia xanthostigmacommon glasscupapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesbark (1-12)apothecium is saprobic on bark
bark bark is decayed by colony of Menispora dematiaceous anamorph UK/Ireland Chaetosphaeria ovoidea a pyrenomycete Chaetosphaeriales: Chaetosphaeriaceae Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Chaetosphaeriales/Chaetosphaeriaceae/Chaetosphaeria ovoidea/Chaetosphaeria ovoideaa pyrenomycetecolonyMenispora dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesbark (mainly winter)colony of Menispora dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on bark
bark bark is decayed by colony of Menispora anamorph UK/Ireland Menispora tortuosa a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Chaetosphaeriales: Chaetosphaeriaceae Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Chaetosphaeriales/Chaetosphaeriaceae/Menispora tortuosa/Menispora tortuosaa dematiaceous anamorphic funguscolonyMenispora anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesbark colony of Menispora anamorph is saprobic on bark
bark bark is decayed by perithecium Cosmospora viridescens a pyrenomycete Hypocreales: Nectriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Cosmospora viridescens/Cosmospora viridescensa pyrenomyceteperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesbark (9-5)perithecium is saprobic on bark
bark bark is decayed by effuse colony of Mariannaea anamorph UK/Ireland Mariannaea elegans an anamorphic fungus Hypocreales: Nectriaceae Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Mariannaea elegans/Mariannaea elegansan anamorphic funguseffusecolonyMariannaea anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesbark effuse colony of Mariannaea anamorph is saprobic on bark
bark bark is decayed by effuse colony of Trichocladium dematiaceous anamorph Trichocladium opacum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Sordariales: Chaetomiaceae Trichocladium opacum, Kirk, P.M., 1994
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Sordariales/Chaetomiaceae/Trichocladium opacum/Trichocladium opacuma dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyTrichocladium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesbark effuse colony of Trichocladium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on bark
bark bark is decayed by effuse colony of Virgaria dematiaceous anamorph Virgaria nigra a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Xylariales: Xylariaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Virgaria nigra/Virgaria nigraa dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyVirgaria dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesbark effuse colony of Virgaria dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on bark
bark (dead) dead bark is decayed by sporodochium of Cryptocoryneum dematiaceous anamorph Cryptocoryneum condensatum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Cryptocoryneum condensatum/Cryptocoryneum condensatuma dematiaceous anamorphic fungussporodochiumCryptocoryneum dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbark sporodochium of Cryptocoryneum dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead bark
bark (dead) dead bark is decayed by effuse colony of Acrogenospora dematiaceous anamorph Acrogenospora megalospora an ascomycete Hysteriales: Hysteriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Hysteriales/Hysteriaceae/Acrogenospora megalospora/Acrogenospora megalosporaan ascomyceteeffusecolonyAcrogenospora dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbark (2-4)effuse colony of Acrogenospora dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead bark
bark (dead) dead bark is decayed by hysterothecium Acrogenospora megalospora an ascomycete Hysteriales: Hysteriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Hysteriales/Hysteriaceae/Acrogenospora megalospora/Acrogenospora megalosporaan ascomycetehysterothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbark (2-4)hysterothecium is saprobic on dead bark
bark (dead) dead bark is decayed by Periconia dematiaceous anamorph Periconia cambrensis a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Pleosporales Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Periconia cambrensis/Periconia cambrensisa dematiaceous anamorphic fungusPericonia dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbark (8-4)Periconia dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead bark
bark (dead) dead bark is decayed by grouped, superficial pseudothecium Tubeufia cerea an ascomycete Pleosporales: Tubeufiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Tubeufiaceae/Tubeufia cerea/Tubeufia cereaan ascomycetegrouped, superficialpseudothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbark (4-10)grouped, superficial pseudothecium is saprobic on dead bark
bark (dead) dead bark is decayed by colony of Helicosporium dematiaceous anamorph Tubeufia cerea an ascomycete Pleosporales: Tubeufiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Tubeufiaceae/Tubeufia cerea/Tubeufia cereaan ascomycetecolonyHelicosporium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbark (4-10)colony of Helicosporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead bark
bark (dead) dead bark is decayed by effuse colony of Pseudospiropes dematiaceous anamorph UK/Ireland Strossmayeria atriseda a discomycete Helotiales: Helotiaceae Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Strossmayeria atriseda/Strossmayeria atrisedaa discomyceteeffusecolonyPseudospiropes dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbark effuse colony of Pseudospiropes dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead bark
bark (dead) dead bark is decayed by effuse colony of Spadicoides dematiaceous anamorph UK/Ireland Spadicoides bina a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Sordariales: Helminthosphaeriaceae Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Sordariales/Helminthosphaeriaceae/Spadicoides bina/Spadicoides binaa dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonySpadicoides dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbark (1-12)effuse colony of Spadicoides dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead bark
bark (dead) dead bark is decayed by effuse colony of Taeniolina anamorph Taeniolina scripta a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Taeniolina scripta/Taeniolina scriptaa dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyTaeniolina anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbark effuse colony of Taeniolina anamorph is saprobic on dead bark
bark (dead) dead bark is decayed by effuse colony of Acladium anamorph Botryobasidium conspersum a resupinate fungus Cantharellales: Botryobasidiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Cantharellales/Botryobasidiaceae/Botryobasidium conspersum/Botryobasidium conspersuma resupinate funguseffusecolonyAcladium anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbark effuse colony of Acladium anamorph is saprobic on dead bark
bark (decayed) decayed bark is decayed by fruitbody Minor Hemimycena tortuosa Dewdrop Bonnet Agaricales: Mycenaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Mycenaceae/Hemimycena tortuosa/Hemimycena tortuosadewdrop bonnetfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdecayedbarkMinor fruitbody is saprobic on decayed bark
bark (rotten) rotten bark is decayed by apothecium Phaeohelotium flexuosum a discomycete Helotiales: Helotiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Phaeohelotium flexuosum/Phaeohelotium flexuosuma discomyceteapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottenbark (10-7)apothecium is saprobic on rotten bark
bark (rotten) rotten bark is decayed by effuse colony of Sporoschisma dematiaceous anamorph Melanochaeta aotearoae an ascomycete Chaetosphaeriales: Chaetosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Chaetosphaeriales/Chaetosphaeriaceae/Melanochaeta aotearoae/Melanochaeta aotearoaean ascomyceteeffusecolonySporoschisma dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottenbark effuse colony of Sporoschisma dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on rotten bark
bark (rotten) rotten bark is decayed by effuse colony of Endophragmiella dematiaceous anamorph Endophragmiella suttonii a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Sordariales: Helminthosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Sordariales/Helminthosphaeriaceae/Endophragmiella suttonii/Endophragmiella suttoniia dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyEndophragmiella dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottenbark (4-5)effuse colony of Endophragmiella dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on rotten bark
bark (rotten) rotten bark is decayed by effuse colony of Brachysporium dematiaceous anamorph Brachysporium bloxamii a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Trichosphaeriales: Trichosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Trichosphaeriales/Trichosphaeriaceae/Brachysporium bloxamii/Brachysporium bloxamiia dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyBrachysporium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottenbark effuse colony of Brachysporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on rotten bark
bark (rotten) rotten bark is decayed by effuse colony of Brachysporium dematiaceous anamorph Brachysporium britannicum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Trichosphaeriales: Trichosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Trichosphaeriales/Trichosphaeriaceae/Brachysporium britannicum/Brachysporium britannicuma dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyBrachysporium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottenbark effuse colony of Brachysporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on rotten bark
bark (rotten) rotten bark is decayed by effuse colony of Brachysporium dematiaceous anamorph Brachysporium nigrum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Trichosphaeriales: Trichosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Trichosphaeriales/Trichosphaeriaceae/Brachysporium nigrum/Brachysporium nigruma dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyBrachysporium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottenbark effuse colony of Brachysporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on rotten bark
bark (rotten) rotten bark is decayed by effuse colony of Brachysporium dematiaceous anamorph Brachysporium obovatum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Trichosphaeriales: Trichosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Trichosphaeriales/Trichosphaeriaceae/Brachysporium obovatum/Brachysporium obovatuma dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyBrachysporium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottenbark effuse colony of Brachysporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on rotten bark
bark (scorched) scorched bark is foodplant of larva Minor Melanophila acuminata a jewel beetle Coleoptera: Buprestidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Buprestidae/Melanophila acuminata/Melanophila acuminataa jewel beetlelarva Foodplant / feeds on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesscorchedbarkMinor larva feeds on scorched bark
bark (under very wet) under very wet bark is decayed by larva Sphegina a genus of hoverflies Diptera: Syrphidae Colour Guide to Hoverfly Larvae (Diptera, Syrphidae) in Britain and Europe, Rotheray, G.E., 1993
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Syrphidae/Sphegina/Spheginaa genus of hoverflieslarva Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesunder very wetbark larva is saprobic on under very wet bark
bark (under well decayed) under well decayed bark of stump, log is associate of larva Microdon analis an ant hoverfly Diptera: Syrphidae Colour Guide to Hoverfly Larvae (Diptera, Syrphidae) in Britain and Europe, Rotheray, G.E., 1993
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Syrphidae/Microdon analis/Microdon analisan ant hoverflylarva Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesunder well decayedbarkstump, log larva is associated with under well decayed bark of stump, log
bark (under) under bark is associate of larva Schizotus pectinicornis Scarce Cardinal Beetle Coleoptera: Pyrochroidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Pyrochroidae/Schizotus pectinicornis/Schizotus pectinicornisscarce cardinal beetlelarva Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesunderbark larva is associated with under bark
bark (wet, living) wet, living bark is decayed by fruitbody Mycena clavicularis Needle Bonnet Agaricales: Mycenaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Mycenaceae/Mycena clavicularis/Mycena clavicularisneedle bonnetfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheswet, livingbark fruitbody is saprobic on wet, living bark
branch (bark) (dead) dead branch (bark) is decayed by superficial thyriothecium Stomiopeltis betulae a fly speck fungus Microthyriales: Micropeltidaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Microthyriales/Micropeltidaceae/Stomiopeltis betulae/Stomiopeltis betulaea fly speck fungussuperficialthyriothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch (bark) (3-5)superficial thyriothecium is saprobic on dead branch (bark)
branch (bark) (dead) dead branch (bark) is decayed by sporodochium of Septotrullula dematiaceous anamorph UK/Ireland Septotrullula bacilligera a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Septotrullula bacilligera/Septotrullula bacilligeraa dematiaceous anamorphic fungussporodochiumSeptotrullula dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch (bark) sporodochium of Septotrullula dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead branch (bark)
branch (corticate) (dead) dead branch (corticate) is decayed by erumpent through bark stroma Minor Hypoxylon rutilum a woodwart Xylariales: Xylariaceae Hypoxylon in Britain and Ireland. 2. Hypoxylon rubiginosum and its allies, Anderson, R., 2008
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Hypoxylon rutilum/Hypoxylon rutiluma woodwarterumpent through barkstroma Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch (corticate)Minor (11-12)erumpent through bark stroma is saprobic on dead branch (corticate)
branch (decorticate) (dead) dead branch (decorticate) is decayed by effuse stroma Minor Hypoxylon rutilum a woodwart Xylariales: Xylariaceae Hypoxylon in Britain and Ireland. 2. Hypoxylon rubiginosum and its allies, Anderson, R., 2008
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Hypoxylon rutilum/Hypoxylon rutiluma woodwarteffusestroma Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch (decorticate)Minor (11-12)effuse stroma is saprobic on dead branch (decorticate)
branch (large) (dead, decayed, fallen) dead, decayed, fallen branch (large) is decayed by fruitbody Rare Mycena epipterygioides a bonnet Agaricales: Mycenaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Mycenaceae/Mycena epipterygioides/Mycena epipterygioidesa bonnetfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayed, fallenbranch (large)Rare fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed, fallen branch (large)
branch (large) (dead, fallen, decayed, white rotted) dead, fallen, decayed, white rotted branch (large) is decayed by fruitbody Mycoacia uda a resupinate tooth fungus Polyporales: Meruliaceae Profiles of Fungi No. 90: Mycoacia uda (Fr.) Donk, Pegler, D.N. & Legon, N.W., 1998
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Meruliaceae/Mycoacia uda/Mycoacia udaa resupinate tooth fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayed, white rottedbranch (large) fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed, white rotted branch (large)
branch (large) (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed branch (large) is decayed by fruitbody Simocybe centunculus var centunculus Dingy Twiglet Agaricales: Inocybaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Inocybaceae/Simocybe centunculus var. centunculus/Simocybe centunculus var. centunculusdingy twigletfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedbranch (large) fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed branch (large)
branch (large) (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed branch (large) is decayed by fruitbody Minor Simocybe sumptuosa Velvet Twiglet Agaricales: Inocybaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Inocybaceae/Simocybe sumptuosa/Simocybe sumptuosavelvet twigletfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedbranch (large)Minor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed branch (large)
branch (large) (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed branch (large) is decayed by imbricate or clustered fruitbody Major Sarcomyxa serotina Olive Oysterling Agaricales: Mycenaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Mycenaceae/Sarcomyxa serotina/Sarcomyxa serotinaolive oysterlingimbricate or clusteredfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedbranch (large)Major (mainly late 11-2)imbricate or clustered fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed branch (large)
branch (large) (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed branch (large) is decayed by fruitbody Major Panus conchatus Lilac Oysterling Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Panus conchatus/Panus conchatuslilac oysterlingfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedbranch (large)Major fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed branch (large)
branch (large) (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed branch (large) is decayed by fruitbody Minor Skeletocutis vulgaris a basidiomycete fungus Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Skeletocutis vulgaris/Skeletocutis vulgarisa basidiomycete fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedbranch (large)Minor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed branch (large)
branch (large) (dead, fallen) dead, fallen branch (large) is decayed by fruitbody Rare Stereum subtomentosum Yellow Curtain Crust, Yellowing Curtain Crust Russulales: Stereaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Stereaceae/Stereum subtomentosum/Stereum subtomentosumyellow curtain crust, yellowing curtain crustfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallenbranch (large)Rare fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen branch (large)
branch (large) (decayed) decayed branch (large) is decayed by fruitbody UK/Ireland Crepidotus applanatus var applanatus Flat Oysterling Agaricales: Inocybaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Inocybaceae/Crepidotus applanatus var. applanatus/Crepidotus applanatus var. applanatusflat oysterlingfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdecayedbranch (large) fruitbody is saprobic on decayed branch (large)
branch (lower) branch (lower) of old may have adult Foreign Cryptocephalus querceti a leaf beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Cryptocephalus querceti/Cryptocephalus quercetia leaf beetleadult Plant / resting place / onForeign /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesbranch (lower)old (5-8)adult may be found on branch (lower) of old
branch (small) branch (small) is decayed by loosely gregarious, immersed, lifting the periderm into conical pustule, bursting mainy transversely stroma of Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Cytospora horrida a stromatic coelomycete Diaporthales: Valsaceae British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Valsaceae/Cytospora horrida/Cytospora horridaa stromatic coelomyceteloosely gregarious, immersed, lifting the periderm into conical pustule, bursting mainy transverselystromaCytospora coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesbranch (small) (6)loosely gregarious, immersed, lifting the periderm into conical pustule, bursting mainy transversely stroma of Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on branch (small)
branch (small) (dead, attached) dead, attached branch (small) is decayed by immersed in bark, appearing through transverse slits stroma Pseudovalsa lanciformis a stromatic pyrenomycete Diaporthales: Pseudovalsaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Pseudovalsaceae/Pseudovalsa lanciformis/Pseudovalsa lanciformisa stromatic pyrenomyceteimmersed in bark, appearing through transverse slitsstroma Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, attachedbranch (small) immersed in bark, appearing through transverse slits stroma is saprobic on dead, attached branch (small)
branch (small) (dead, attached) dead, attached branch (small) is decayed by erumpent Coryneum coelomycetous anamorph Pseudovalsa lanciformis a stromatic pyrenomycete Diaporthales: Pseudovalsaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Pseudovalsaceae/Pseudovalsa lanciformis/Pseudovalsa lanciformisa stromatic pyrenomyceteerumpentCoryneum coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, attachedbranch (small) (1-2)erumpent Coryneum coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead, attached branch (small)
branch (small) (dead, attached) dead, attached branch (small) is decayed by stromatic, in groups of up to 10 perithecium Pseudovalsa lanciformis a stromatic pyrenomycete Diaporthales: Pseudovalsaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Pseudovalsaceae/Pseudovalsa lanciformis/Pseudovalsa lanciformisa stromatic pyrenomycetestromatic, in groups of up to 10perithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, attachedbranch (small) (3+)stromatic, in groups of up to 10 perithecium is saprobic on dead, attached branch (small)
branch (small) (dead, attached) dead, attached branch (small) is decayed by fruitbody Macrotyphula fistulosa var contorta Contorted Pipe Club Agaricales: Typhulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Typhulaceae/Macrotyphula fistulosa var. contorta/Macrotyphula fistulosa var. contortacontorted pipe clubfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, attachedbranch (small) fruitbody is saprobic on dead, attached branch (small)
branch (small) (dead, still attached to fallen tree) dead, still attached to fallen tree branch (small) is decayed by fruitbody Major Lentinus brumalis Winter Polypore Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Lentinus brumalis/Lentinus brumaliswinter polyporefruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, still attached to fallen treebranch (small)Major (early winter-early spring)fruitbody is saprobic on dead, still attached to fallen tree branch (small)
branch (small) (fallen) fallen branch (small) is decayed by solitary apothecium Godronia urceolus a discomycete Helotiales: Godroniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Godroniaceae/Godronia urceolus/Godronia urceolusa discomycetesolitaryapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesfallenbranch (small) (5)solitary apothecium is saprobic on fallen branch (small)
branch (thick, bark) (felled) felled branch (thick, bark) is decayed by effuse colony of Monodictys dematiaceous anamorph Monodictys paradoxa a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Monodictys paradoxa/Monodictys paradoxaa dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyMonodictys dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesfelledbranch (thick, bark) (1-12)effuse colony of Monodictys dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on felled branch (thick, bark)
branch (thin) (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed branch (thin) is decayed by fruitbody Minor Postia subcaesia Blueing Bracket Polyporales: Fomitopsidaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Fomitopsidaceae/Postia subcaesia/Postia subcaesiablueing bracketfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedbranch (thin)Minor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed branch (thin)
branch wood (dry, hard, decorticate) dry, hard, decorticate branch wood is decayed by superficial pycnidium of Aposphaeria coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Melanomma pulvis-pyrius an ascomycete Pleosporales: Melanommataceae Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Melanommataceae/Melanomma pulvis-pyrius/Melanomma pulvis-pyriusan ascomycetesuperficialpycnidiumAposphaeria coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdry, hard, decorticatebranch wood (9-5)superficial pycnidium of Aposphaeria coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dry, hard, decorticate branch wood
branch wood (dry, hard, decorticate) dry, hard, decorticate branch wood is decayed by superficial, often in very large clusters pseudothecium Melanomma pulvis-pyrius an ascomycete Pleosporales: Melanommataceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Melanommataceae/Melanomma pulvis-pyrius/Melanomma pulvis-pyriusan ascomycetesuperficial, often in very large clusterspseudothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdry, hard, decorticatebranch wood (9-5)superficial, often in very large clusters pseudothecium is saprobic on dry, hard, decorticate branch wood
branch branch is swollen by immersed stroma Botryosphaeria obtusa an ascomycete Botryosphaeriales: Botryosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Botryosphaeriales/Botryosphaeriaceae/Botryosphaeria obtusa/Botryosphaeria obtusaan ascomyceteimmersedstroma Foodplant / false gall /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesbranch immersed stroma causes swelling of branch
branch branch is swollen by stromatic pseudothecium Botryosphaeria obtusa an ascomycete Botryosphaeriales: Botryosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Botryosphaeriales/Botryosphaeriaceae/Botryosphaeria obtusa/Botryosphaeria obtusaan ascomycetestromaticpseudothecium Foodplant / false gall /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesbranch stromatic pseudothecium causes swelling of branch
branch branch is decayed by sessile apothecium Minor Pezizella leucostigma a discomycete Helotiales: Hyaloscyphaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Hyaloscyphaceae/Pezizella leucostigma/Pezizella leucostigmaa discomycetesessileapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesbranchMinor sessile apothecium is saprobic on branch
branch branch is decayed by immersd, often in small groups perithecium Coronophora angustata a pyrenomycete Coronophorales: Coronophoraceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Coronophorales/Coronophoraceae/Coronophora angustata/Coronophora angustataa pyrenomyceteimmersd, often in small groupsperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesbranch immersd, often in small groups perithecium is saprobic on branch
branch branch is decayed by subgregarious to densely scattered, covered then erumpent, blackish grey with paler roundish flat disc stroma of Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Cytospora populina a valsoid pyrenomycete Diaporthales: Valsaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Valsaceae/Cytospora populina/Cytospora populinaa valsoid pyrenomycetesubgregarious to densely scattered, covered then erumpent, blackish grey with paler roundish flat discstromaCytospora coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesbranch (10-5)subgregarious to densely scattered, covered then erumpent, blackish grey with paler roundish flat disc stroma of Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on branch
branch branch is decayed by immersed, grouped in circles perithecium Cytospora populina a valsoid pyrenomycete Diaporthales: Valsaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Valsaceae/Cytospora populina/Cytospora populinaa valsoid pyrenomyceteimmersed, grouped in circlesperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesbranch (10-5)immersed, grouped in circles perithecium is saprobic on branch
branch branch is decayed by erumpent stroma of Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph Valsa ceratosperma a valsoid pyrenomycete Diaporthales: Valsaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Valsaceae/Valsa ceratosperma/Valsa ceratospermaa valsoid pyrenomyceteerumpentstromaCytospora coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesbranch (11-3)erumpent stroma of Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on branch
branch branch is decayed by immersed, in groups of about 10 perithecium Valsa ceratosperma a valsoid pyrenomycete Diaporthales: Valsaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Valsaceae/Valsa ceratosperma/Valsa ceratospermaa valsoid pyrenomyceteimmersed, in groups of about 10perithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesbranch (11-3)immersed, in groups of about 10 perithecium is saprobic on branch
branch branch is decayed by cyphelloid basidiocarp Merismodes anomala a cyphelloid basidiomycete Agaricales: Niaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Niaceae/Merismodes anomala/Merismodes anomalaa cyphelloid basidiomycetecyphelloid basidiocarp Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesbranch (8-2)cyphelloid basidiocarp is saprobic on branch
branch (attached, dead) attached, dead branch is decayed by stroma of Trimmatostroma dematiaceous anamorph Major Trimmatostroma betulinum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Helotiales Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Trimmatostroma betulinum/Trimmatostroma betulinuma dematiaceous anamorphic fungusstromaTrimmatostroma dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesattached, deadbranchMajor (2-5)stroma of Trimmatostroma dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on attached, dead branch
branch (attached, dead) attached, dead branch is decayed by stromatic, sometimes confluent sporodochium of Trimmatostroma dematiaceous anamorph Major Trimmatostroma betulinum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Helotiales Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Trimmatostroma betulinum/Trimmatostroma betulinuma dematiaceous anamorphic fungusstromatic, sometimes confluentsporodochiumTrimmatostroma dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesattached, deadbranchMajor (2-5)stromatic, sometimes confluent sporodochium of Trimmatostroma dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on attached, dead branch
branch (attached, dead) attached, dead branch of esp. over-crowded self-sown saplings is decayed by immersed, ring clustered perithecium Major Melanconis stilbostoma an ascomycete Diaporthales: Melanconidaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Melanconidaceae/Melanconis stilbostoma/Melanconis stilbostomaan ascomyceteimmersed, ring clusteredperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesattached, deadbranchesp. over-crowded self-sown saplingsMajor (10-2)immersed, ring clustered perithecium is saprobic on attached, dead branch of esp. over-crowded self-sown saplings
branch (attached, dead) attached, dead branch of esp. over-crowded self-sown saplings is decayed by dematiaceous anamorph Major Melanconis stilbostoma an ascomycete Diaporthales: Melanconidaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Melanconidaceae/Melanconis stilbostoma/Melanconis stilbostomaan ascomycetedematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesattached, deadbranchesp. over-crowded self-sown saplingsMajor (10-2)dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on attached, dead branch of esp. over-crowded self-sown saplings
branch (attached, dead) attached, dead branch is decayed by erumpent stroma Major Diatrypella favacea Birch Blackhead Xylariales: Diatrypaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Diatrypaceae/Diatrypella favacea/Diatrypella favaceabirch blackheaderumpentstroma Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesattached, deadbranchMajor (11-3)erumpent stroma is saprobic on attached, dead branch
branch (attached, dead) attached, dead branch is decayed by immersed, clustered, stromatic perithecium Major Diatrypella favacea Birch Blackhead Xylariales: Diatrypaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Diatrypaceae/Diatrypella favacea/Diatrypella favaceabirch blackheadimmersed, clustered, stromaticperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesattached, deadbranchMajor (11-3)immersed, clustered, stromatic perithecium is saprobic on attached, dead branch
branch (dead, attached) dead, attached branch is decayed by fruitbody Major Exidia repanda Birch Jelly Auriculariales: Auriculariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Auriculariales/Auriculariaceae/Exidia repanda/Exidia repandabirch jellyfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, attachedbranchMajor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, attached branch
branch (dead, attached) dead, attached branch is decayed by fruitbody Rare Peniophora quercina Oak Crust Russulales: Peniophoraceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Peniophoraceae/Peniophora quercina/Peniophora quercinaoak crustfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, attachedbranchRare fruitbody is saprobic on dead, attached branch
branch (dead, corticate) dead, corticate branch is decayed by sessile, densely clustered, erumpent apothecium Mollisia caespiticia a discomycete Helotiales: Dermateaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Mollisia caespiticia/Mollisia caespiticiaa discomycetesessile, densely clustered, erumpentapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, corticatebranch (9-4)sessile, densely clustered, erumpent apothecium is saprobic on dead, corticate branch
branch (dead, corticate) dead, corticate branch is decayed by erumpent stroma UK/IrelandMajor Annulohypoxylon multiforme Birch Woodwart Xylariales: Xylariaceae Hypoxylon in Britain and Ireland. 2. Hypoxylon rubiginosum and its allies, Anderson, R., 2008
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Annulohypoxylon multiforme/Annulohypoxylon multiformebirch woodwarterumpentstroma Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, corticatebranchMajor (10-4)erumpent stroma is saprobic on dead, corticate branch
branch (dead, decorticate or with bark rolling back) dead, decorticate or with bark rolling back branch is decayed by widely effused stroma Diatrype stigma Common Tarcrust Xylariales: Diatrypaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Diatrypaceae/Diatrype stigma/Diatrype stigmacommon tarcrustwidely effusedstroma Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decorticate or with bark rolling backbranch (1-12)widely effused stroma is saprobic on dead, decorticate or with bark rolling back branch
branch (dead, decorticate or with bark rolling back) dead, decorticate or with bark rolling back branch is decayed by stromatic, immersed perithecium Diatrype stigma Common Tarcrust Xylariales: Diatrypaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Diatrypaceae/Diatrype stigma/Diatrype stigmacommon tarcruststromatic, immersedperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decorticate or with bark rolling backbranch (1-12)stromatic, immersed perithecium is saprobic on dead, decorticate or with bark rolling back branch
branch (dead, decorticate, attached) dead, decorticate, attached branch is decayed by fruitbody UK/IrelandRare Vuilleminia comedens Waxy Crust Corticiales: Corticiaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
British Vuilleminia species, Morris, I. & Roberts, P., 1997
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Corticiales/Corticiaceae/Vuilleminia comedens/Vuilleminia comedenswaxy crustfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decorticate, attachedbranchRare fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decorticate, attached branch
branch (dead, decorticate) dead, decorticate branch is decayed by hysterothecium Hysterium angustatum a coffee bean fungus Hysteriales: Hysteriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Hysteriales/Hysteriaceae/Hysterium angustatum/Hysterium angustatuma coffee bean fungushysterothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decorticatebranch (3-5)hysterothecium is saprobic on dead, decorticate branch
branch (dead, decorticate) dead, decorticate branch is decayed by effuse stroma UK/IrelandMajor Annulohypoxylon multiforme Birch Woodwart Xylariales: Xylariaceae Hypoxylon in Britain and Ireland. 2. Hypoxylon rubiginosum and its allies, Anderson, R., 2008
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Annulohypoxylon multiforme/Annulohypoxylon multiformebirch woodwarteffusestroma Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decorticatebranchMajor (10-4)effuse stroma is saprobic on dead, decorticate branch
branch (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed branch is decayed by fruitbody Gymnopus brassicolens var brassicolens Cabbage Parachute Agaricales: Omphalotaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Omphalotaceae/Gymnopus brassicolens var. brassicolens/Gymnopus brassicolens var. brassicolenscabbage parachutefruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedbranch fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed branch
branch (dead, fallen) dead, fallen branch is decayed by effuse colony of Septonema dematiaceous anamorph Major Septonema secedens a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Septonema secedens/Septonema secedensa dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonySeptonema dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallenbranchMajor effuse colony of Septonema dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead, fallen branch
branch (dead, fallen) dead, fallen branch is decayed by extensively subiculate apothecium Minor Tapesia fusca a discomycete Helotiales: Dermateaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Tapesia fusca/Tapesia fuscaa discomyceteextensively subiculateapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallenbranchMinor (1-12)extensively subiculate apothecium is saprobic on dead, fallen branch
branch (dead, fallen) dead, fallen branch is decayed by stalked apothecium Hymenoscyphus calyculus a discomycete Helotiales: Helotiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Hymenoscyphus calyculus/Hymenoscyphus calyculusa discomycetestalkedapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallenbranch (6-12)stalked apothecium is saprobic on dead, fallen branch
branch (dead, fallen) dead, fallen branch is decayed by short-stalked apothecium Hymenoscyphus laetus a discomycete Helotiales: Helotiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Hymenoscyphus laetus/Hymenoscyphus laetusa discomyceteshort-stalkedapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallenbranch (9-3)short-stalked apothecium is saprobic on dead, fallen branch
branch (dead, fallen) dead, fallen branch is decayed by stroma of Trimmatostroma dematiaceous anamorph Major Trimmatostroma betulinum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Helotiales Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Trimmatostroma betulinum/Trimmatostroma betulinuma dematiaceous anamorphic fungusstromaTrimmatostroma dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallenbranchMajor (2-5)stroma of Trimmatostroma dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead, fallen branch
branch (dead, fallen) dead, fallen branch is decayed by stromatic, sometimes confluent sporodochium of Trimmatostroma dematiaceous anamorph Major Trimmatostroma betulinum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Helotiales Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Trimmatostroma betulinum/Trimmatostroma betulinuma dematiaceous anamorphic fungusstromatic, sometimes confluentsporodochiumTrimmatostroma dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallenbranchMajor (2-5)stromatic, sometimes confluent sporodochium of Trimmatostroma dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead, fallen branch
branch (dead, fallen) dead, fallen branch is decayed by fruitbody ForeignRare Mensularia nodulosa Silvery Porecrust Hymenochaetales: Hymenochaetaceae Alder Carr Fungi - Some British Alder-associated wood-inhabiting fungi, Ainsworth, M., 2010
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Hymenochaetales/Hymenochaetaceae/Mensularia nodulosa/Mensularia nodulosasilvery porecrustfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeForeign /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallenbranchRare fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen branch
branch (dead, fallen) dead, fallen branch is decayed by fruitbody Polyporus tuberaster Tuberous Polypore Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Polyporus tuberaster/Polyporus tuberastertuberous polyporefruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallenbranch fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen branch
branch (dead, fallen) dead, fallen branch is decayed by fruitbody Major Trametes hirsuta Hairy Bracket Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Trametes hirsuta/Trametes hirsutahairy bracketfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallenbranchMajor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen branch
branch (dead, fungus infected) dead, fungus infected branch is associate of perithecium Stylonectria purtonii a pyrenomycete Hypocreales: Nectriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Stylonectria purtonii/Stylonectria purtoniia pyrenomyceteperithecium Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fungus infectedbranch (3-7)perithecium is associated with dead, fungus infected branch
branch (dead, newly fallen) dead, newly fallen branch of esp. over-crowded self-sown saplings is decayed by immersed, ring clustered perithecium Major Melanconis stilbostoma an ascomycete Diaporthales: Melanconidaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Melanconidaceae/Melanconis stilbostoma/Melanconis stilbostomaan ascomyceteimmersed, ring clusteredperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, newly fallenbranchesp. over-crowded self-sown saplingsMajor (10-2)immersed, ring clustered perithecium is saprobic on dead, newly fallen branch of esp. over-crowded self-sown saplings
branch (dead, newly fallen) dead, newly fallen branch of esp. over-crowded self-sown saplings is decayed by dematiaceous anamorph Major Melanconis stilbostoma an ascomycete Diaporthales: Melanconidaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Melanconidaceae/Melanconis stilbostoma/Melanconis stilbostomaan ascomycetedematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, newly fallenbranchesp. over-crowded self-sown saplingsMajor (10-2)dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead, newly fallen branch of esp. over-crowded self-sown saplings
branch (dead, often rotten) dead, often rotten branch is decayed by perithecium Nectria peziza a pyrenomycete Hypocreales: Nectriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Nectria peziza/Nectria pezizaa pyrenomyceteperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, often rottenbranch (8-12)perithecium is saprobic on dead, often rotten branch
branch (dead, partly buried) dead, partly buried branch is decayed by erect stroma Xylaria hypoxylon Candle-snuff, Candlesnuff Fungus, Stag’s-horn Fungus Xylariales: Xylariaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Xylaria hypoxylon/Xylaria hypoxyloncandle-snuff, candlesnuff fungus, stag's-horn funguserectstroma Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, partly buriedbranch erect stroma is saprobic on dead, partly buried branch
branch (dead) dead branch may have male Phlaeothrips annulipes a thrips Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae Thysanoptera, Mound L.A., Morison, G.D., Pitkin, B.R. & Palmer, J.M., 1976
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Thysanoptera/Phlaeothripidae/Phlaeothrips annulipes/Phlaeothrips annulipesa thripsmale Plant / resting place / on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch (6-9)male may be found on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch may have female Phlaeothrips annulipes a thrips Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae Thysanoptera, Mound L.A., Morison, G.D., Pitkin, B.R. & Palmer, J.M., 1976
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Thysanoptera/Phlaeothripidae/Phlaeothrips annulipes/Phlaeothrips annulipesa thripsfemale Plant / resting place / on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch (5-9)female may be found on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch may have larva Phlaeothrips annulipes a thrips Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae Thysanoptera, Mound L.A., Morison, G.D., Pitkin, B.R. & Palmer, J.M., 1976
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Thysanoptera/Phlaeothripidae/Phlaeothrips annulipes/Phlaeothrips annulipesa thripslarva Plant / resting place / on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch (1,3,5-9,11)larva may be found on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by sporodochium of Bactrodesmium dematiaceous anamorph Bactrodesmium betulicola a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Bactrodesmium betulicola/Bactrodesmium betulicolaa dematiaceous anamorphic fungussporodochiumBactrodesmium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch (5-11)sporodochium of Bactrodesmium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by hysterothecium Gloniopsis praelonga an ascomycete Hysteriales: Hysteriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Hysteriales/Hysteriaceae/Gloniopsis praelonga/Gloniopsis praelongaan ascomycetehysterothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch (1-12)hysterothecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by immersed in bark, visible through very small slit pseudothecium Pleomassaria siparia an ascomycete Pleosporales: Pleomassariaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Pleomassariaceae/Pleomassaria siparia/Pleomassaria sipariaan ascomyceteimmersed in bark, visible through very small slitpseudothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch (12-4)immersed in bark, visible through very small slit pseudothecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by substromatic, in small groups, under bark and lifting it pseudothecium Splanchnonema argus an ascomycete Pleosporales: Pleomassariaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Pleomassariaceae/Splanchnonema argus/Splanchnonema argusan ascomycetesubstromatic, in small groups, under bark and lifting itpseudothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch substromatic, in small groups, under bark and lifting it pseudothecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by scattered, erumpent acervulus of Myxocyclus coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Myxocyclus polycystis a coelomycete Pleosporales: Pleomassariaceae Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Pleomassariaceae/Myxocyclus polycystis/Myxocyclus polycystisa coelomycetescattered, erumpentacervulusMyxocyclus coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch (3-5)scattered, erumpent acervulus of Myxocyclus coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by becoming superficial perithecium Neopeckia fulcita a pyrenomycete Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Neopeckia fulcita/Neopeckia fulcitaa pyrenomycetebecoming superficialperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch becoming superficial perithecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by sessile apothecium Mollisia cinerea Common Grey Disco Helotiales: Dermateaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Mollisia cinerea/Mollisia cinereacommon grey discosessileapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch (1-12)sessile apothecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by sessile apothecium Mollisia ligni a discomycete Helotiales: Dermateaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Mollisia ligni/Mollisia lignia discomycetesessileapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch (1-12)sessile apothecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by sessile apothecium Mollisia melaleuca a discomycete Helotiales: Dermateaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Mollisia melaleuca/Mollisia melaleucaa discomycetesessileapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch (10-5)sessile apothecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by sessile apothecium Mollisia ramealis a discomycete Helotiales: Dermateaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Mollisia ramealis/Mollisia ramealisa discomycetesessileapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch (5-12)sessile apothecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by subiculate apothecium Tapesia lividofusca a discomycete Helotiales: Dermateaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Tapesia lividofusca/Tapesia lividofuscaa discomycetesubiculateapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch (1-8)subiculate apothecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by often in large cluster apothecium Ascocoryne sarcoides Purple Jellydisc Helotiales: Helotiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Ascocoryne sarcoides/Ascocoryne sarcoidespurple jellydiscoften in large clusterapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch (10-12)often in large cluster apothecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by clustered Coryne anamorph Ascocoryne sarcoides Purple Jellydisc Helotiales: Helotiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Ascocoryne sarcoides/Ascocoryne sarcoidespurple jellydiscclusteredCoryne anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch clustered Coryne anamorph is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by erumpent apothecium Bisporella citrina Lemon Disco Helotiales: Helotiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Bisporella citrina/Bisporella citrinalemon discoerumpentapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch (9-12)erumpent apothecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by short fat stalked apothecium Dencoeliopsis johnstonii Birch Cup Helotiales: Helotiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Dencoeliopsis johnstonii/Dencoeliopsis johnstoniibirch cupshort fat stalkedapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch short fat stalked apothecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by effuse colony of Pseudospiropes dematiaceous anamorph Strossmayeria basitricha a discomycete Helotiales: Helotiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Strossmayeria basitricha/Strossmayeria basitrichaa discomyceteeffusecolonyPseudospiropes dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch effuse colony of Pseudospiropes dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by apothecium Dematioscypha dematiicola a discomycete Helotiales: Hyaloscyphaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Hyaloscyphaceae/Dematioscypha dematiicola/Dematioscypha dematiicolaa discomyceteapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch (10-4)apothecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by effuse colony of Haplographium dematiaceous anamorph Dematioscypha dematiicola a discomycete Helotiales: Hyaloscyphaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Hyaloscyphaceae/Dematioscypha dematiicola/Dematioscypha dematiicolaa discomyceteeffusecolonyHaplographium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch (1-12)effuse colony of Haplographium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by gregarious apothecium Minor Hyaloscypha hyalina a discomycete Helotiales: Hyaloscyphaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Hyaloscyphaceae/Hyaloscypha hyalina/Hyaloscypha hyalinaa discomycetegregariousapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdeadbranchMinor (1-12)gregarious apothecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by apothecium Proliferodiscus pulveraceus a discomycete Helotiales: Hyaloscyphaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Hyaloscyphaceae/Proliferodiscus pulveraceus/Proliferodiscus pulveraceusa discomyceteapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch (6-9)apothecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by somewhat short-stalked apothecium Lachnum corticale a discomycete Helotiales: Lachnaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Lachnaceae/Lachnum corticale/Lachnum corticalea discomycetesomewhat short-stalkedapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch (3-12)somewhat short-stalked apothecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by immersed, exposed by peeling back or shedding of host periderm apothecium Propolis farinosa an ascomycete Helotiales: Marthamycetaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Marthamycetaceae/Propolis farinosa/Propolis farinosaan ascomyceteimmersed, exposed by peeling back or shedding of host peridermapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch (1-12 (best condition: 2-3)immersed, exposed by peeling back or shedding of host periderm apothecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by apothecium Orbilia alnea a glasscup Orbiliales: Orbiliaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Orbiliomycetes/Orbiliales/Orbiliaceae/Orbilia alnea/Orbilia alneaa glasscupapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch (1-12)apothecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by subcortical, clustered, subiculate, raising and sometimes cracking the bark perithecium Enchnoa lanata a pyrenomycete Coronophorales: Nitschkiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Coronophorales/Nitschkiaceae/Enchnoa lanata/Enchnoa lanataa pyrenomycetesubcortical, clustered, subiculate, raising and sometimes cracking the barkperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch (4-5)subcortical, clustered, subiculate, raising and sometimes cracking the bark perithecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by subcortical, in ring clusters perithecium Calosphaeria wahlenbergii a pyrenomycete Calosphaeriales: Calosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Calosphaeriales/Calosphaeriaceae/Calosphaeria wahlenbergii/Calosphaeria wahlenbergiia pyrenomycetesubcortical, in ring clustersperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch (11-3)subcortical, in ring clusters perithecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by clustered, erumpent through cracks in bark apothecium Major Gnomonia alnea a valsoid pyenomycete Diaporthales: Gnomoniaceae Notes on British species of Tympanis (Leotiales) with T. prunicola new to Britain, Yao, Y.-J. & Spooner, B.M., 1996
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Gnomoniaceae/Gnomonia alnea/Gnomonia alneaa valsoid pyenomyceteclustered, erumpent through cracks in barkapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdeadbranchMajor (2-6)clustered, erumpent through cracks in bark apothecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by effuse, often large stroma UK/Ireland Xenotypa aterrima Birch Bark Stripper Diaporthales: Gnomoniaceae Dencoeliopsis johnstonii, Douglas, B., 2015
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Gnomoniaceae/Xenotypa aterrima/Xenotypa aterrimabirch bark strippereffuse, often largestroma Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch effuse, often large stroma is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by immersed, stromatic perithecium UK/Ireland Xenotypa aterrima Birch Bark Stripper Diaporthales: Gnomoniaceae Dencoeliopsis johnstonii, Douglas, B., 2015
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Gnomoniaceae/Xenotypa aterrima/Xenotypa aterrimabirch bark stripperimmersed, stromaticperithecium Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch immersed, stromatic perithecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by crowded, in groups of 2-5 under loose periderm perithecium Sydowiella ambigua a pyrenomycete Diaporthales: Sydowiellaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Sydowiellaceae/Sydowiella ambigua/Sydowiella ambiguaa pyrenomycetecrowded, in groups of 2-5 under loose peridermperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch (12-7)crowded, in groups of 2-5 under loose periderm perithecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by immersed, in groups of 3-5, stromatic perithecium Valsella adhaerens a valsoid pyrenomycete Diaporthales: Valsaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Valsaceae/Valsella adhaerens/Valsella adhaerensa valsoid pyrenomyceteimmersed, in groups of 3-5, stromaticperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch immersed, in groups of 3-5, stromatic perithecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by immersed stroma Valsella adhaerens a valsoid pyrenomycete Diaporthales: Valsaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Valsaceae/Valsella adhaerens/Valsella adhaerensa valsoid pyrenomyceteimmersedstroma Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch immersed stroma is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by immersed, in groups of 3-5 perithecium Valsella polyspora a valsoid pyrenomycete Diaporthales: Valsaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Valsaceae/Valsella polyspora/Valsella polysporaa valsoid pyrenomyceteimmersed, in groups of 3-5perithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch immersed, in groups of 3-5 perithecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by superficial stroma Hypocrea argillacea a stromatic pyrenomycete Hypocreales: Hypocreaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Hypocreaceae/Hypocrea argillacea/Hypocrea argillaceaa stromatic pyrenomycetesuperficialstroma Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch (10-3)superficial stroma is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by superficial stroma Hypocrea gelatinosa a pyrenomycete Hypocreales: Hypocreaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Hypocreaceae/Hypocrea gelatinosa/Hypocrea gelatinosaa pyrenomycetesuperficialstroma Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch (6-12)superficial stroma is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by stromatic, in clusters of up to 15 perithecium Nectria cinnabarina Coral Spot, Coral-spot Fungus Hypocreales: Nectriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Nectria cinnabarina/Nectria cinnabarinacoral spot, coral-spot fungusstromatic, in clusters of up to 15perithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch (9-3)stromatic, in clusters of up to 15 perithecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by sporodochium of Tubercularia anamorph Nectria cinnabarina Coral Spot, Coral-spot Fungus Hypocreales: Nectriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Nectria cinnabarina/Nectria cinnabarinacoral spot, coral-spot fungussporodochiumTubercularia anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch sporodochium of Tubercularia anamorph is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by scattered or on a stroma in groups of 5 to 30 perithecium Neonectria coccinea Beech Bark Disease - causative organism Hypocreales: Nectriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Neonectria coccinea/Neonectria coccineabeech bark disease (causative organism)scattered or on a stroma in groups of 5 to 30perithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch (9-5)scattered or on a stroma in groups of 5 to 30 perithecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by erumpent stroma Neonectria coccinea Beech Bark Disease - causative organism Hypocreales: Nectriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Neonectria coccinea/Neonectria coccineabeech bark disease (causative organism)erumpentstroma Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch (9-5)erumpent stroma is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by effuse colony of Pleurothecium dematiaceous anamorph UK/Ireland Pleurothecium recurvatum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Sordariales Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Sordariales/Pleurothecium recurvatum/Pleurothecium recurvatuma dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyPleurothecium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch effuse colony of Pleurothecium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by containing 20 to 30 perithecia stroma Pseudovalsaria foedans a valsoid pyrenomycete Xylariales: Clypeosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Clypeosphaeriaceae/Pseudovalsaria foedans/Pseudovalsaria foedansa valsoid pyrenomycetecontaining 20 to 30 peritheciastroma Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch (4-5)containing 20 to 30 perithecia stroma is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by immersed, stromatic, in groups of 20-30 perithecium Pseudovalsaria foedans a valsoid pyrenomycete Xylariales: Clypeosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Clypeosphaeriaceae/Pseudovalsaria foedans/Pseudovalsaria foedansa valsoid pyrenomyceteimmersed, stromatic, in groups of 20-30perithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch (4-5)immersed, stromatic, in groups of 20-30 perithecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by stroma Minor Eutypa maura a stromatic pyrenomycete Xylariales: Diatrypaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Diatrypaceae/Eutypa maura/Eutypa mauraa stromatic pyrenomycetestroma Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdeadbranchMinor (3-4)stroma is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by subepidermal acervulus of Libertella coelomycetous anamorph Major Libertella betulina a coelomycete Xylariales: Diatrypaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Diatrypaceae/Libertella betulina/Libertella betulinaa coelomycetesubepidermalacervulusLibertella coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdeadbranchMajor subepidermal acervulus of Libertella coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch may have long, golden spore tendril of Libertella coelomycetous anamorph Major Libertella betulina a coelomycete Xylariales: Diatrypaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Diatrypaceae/Libertella betulina/Libertella betulinaa coelomycetelong, goldenspore tendrilLibertella coelomycetous anamorph Plant / resting place / on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdeadbranchMajor long, golden spore tendril of Libertella coelomycetous anamorph may be found on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by Nodulisporium anamorph UK/IrelandMajor Annulohypoxylon multiforme Birch Woodwart Xylariales: Xylariaceae Hypoxylon in Britain and Ireland. 2. Hypoxylon rubiginosum and its allies, Anderson, R., 2008
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Annulohypoxylon multiforme/Annulohypoxylon multiformebirch woodwartNodulisporium anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdeadbranchMajor (10-4)Nodulisporium anamorph is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by Nodulisporium anamorph Minor Hypoxylon fuscum Hazel Woodwart Xylariales: Xylariaceae Hypoxylon in Britain and Ireland. 2. Hypoxylon rubiginosum and its allies, Anderson, R., 2008
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Hypoxylon fuscum/Hypoxylon fuscumhazel woodwartNodulisporium anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdeadbranchMinor (2-5)Nodulisporium anamorph is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by stroma Minor Hypoxylon fuscum Hazel Woodwart Xylariales: Xylariaceae Hypoxylon in Britain and Ireland. 2. Hypoxylon rubiginosum and its allies, Anderson, R., 2008
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Hypoxylon fuscum/Hypoxylon fuscumhazel woodwartstroma Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdeadbranchMinor (2-5)stroma is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by stroma UK/IrelandMinor Hypoxylon howeanum a stromatic pyrenomycete Xylariales: Xylariaceae Hypoxylon in Britain and Ireland. 2. Hypoxylon rubiginosum and its allies, Anderson, R., 2008
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Hypoxylon howeanum/Hypoxylon howeanuma stromatic pyrenomycetestroma Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdeadbranchMinor (1-4)stroma is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by Geniculosporium anamorph UK/IrelandMinor Hypoxylon howeanum a stromatic pyrenomycete Xylariales: Xylariaceae Hypoxylon in Britain and Ireland. 2. Hypoxylon rubiginosum and its allies, Anderson, R., 2008
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Hypoxylon howeanum/Hypoxylon howeanuma stromatic pyrenomyceteGeniculosporium anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdeadbranchMinor (1-4)Geniculosporium anamorph is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by thin, often poorly developed stroma Minor Nemania confluens a stromatic pyrenomycete Xylariales: Xylariaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Nemania confluens/Nemania confluensa stromatic pyrenomycetethin, often poorly developedstroma Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdeadbranchMinor (10-4)thin, often poorly developed stroma is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by Nodulisporium anamorph Minor Nemania confluens a stromatic pyrenomycete Xylariales: Xylariaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Nemania confluens/Nemania confluensa stromatic pyrenomyceteNodulisporium anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdeadbranchMinor Nodulisporium anamorph is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by partly immersed, weakly stromatic perithecium Minor Nemania confluens a stromatic pyrenomycete Xylariales: Xylariaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Nemania confluens/Nemania confluensa stromatic pyrenomycetepartly immersed, weakly stromaticperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdeadbranchMinor (10-4)partly immersed, weakly stromatic perithecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by superficial or erumpent stroma Nemania serpens a stromatic pyrenomycete Xylariales: Xylariaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Nemania serpens/Nemania serpensa stromatic pyrenomycetesuperficial or erumpentstroma Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch superficial or erumpent stroma is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by effuse colony of Geniculosporium dematiaceous anamorph Nemania serpens a stromatic pyrenomycete Xylariales: Xylariaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Nemania serpens/Nemania serpensa stromatic pyrenomyceteeffusecolonyGeniculosporium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadbranch effuse colony of Geniculosporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by fruitbody Rare Oudemansiella mucida Porcelain Toadstool, Porcelain Fungus, Poached Egg Toadstool Agaricales: Physalacriaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Physalacriaceae/Oudemansiella mucida/Oudemansiella mucidaporcelain toadstool, porcelain fungus, poached egg toadstoolfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdeadbranchRare fruitbody is saprobic on dead branch
branch (decorticate) decorticate branch is decayed by stalked apothecium Lachnum papyraceum a discomycete Helotiales: Lachnaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Lachnaceae/Lachnum papyraceum/Lachnum papyraceuma discomycetestalkedapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdecorticatebranch (10-11)stalked apothecium is saprobic on decorticate branch
branch (dying) dying branch is parasitised by fruitbody QuestionableRare Oudemansiella mucida Porcelain Toadstool, Porcelain Fungus, Poached Egg Toadstool Agaricales: Physalacriaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Physalacriaceae/Oudemansiella mucida/Oudemansiella mucidaporcelain toadstool, porcelain fungus, poached egg toadstoolfruitbody Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches?dyingbranchRare fruitbody parasitises dying branch
branch (fallen, dead, esp. covered by leaf mould) fallen, dead, esp. covered by leaf mould branch is decayed by perithecium Chaetosphaeria inaequalis a pyrenomycete Chaetosphaeriales: Chaetosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Chaetosphaeriales/Chaetosphaeriaceae/Chaetosphaeria inaequalis/Chaetosphaeria inaequalisa pyrenomyceteperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesfallen, dead, esp. covered by leaf mouldbranch (1-12)perithecium is saprobic on fallen, dead, esp. covered by leaf mould branch
branch (fallen, dead, esp. covered by leaf mould) fallen, dead, esp. covered by leaf mould branch is decayed by colony of Gonytrichum dematiaceous anamorph Chaetosphaeria inaequalis a pyrenomycete Chaetosphaeriales: Chaetosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Chaetosphaeriales/Chaetosphaeriaceae/Chaetosphaeria inaequalis/Chaetosphaeria inaequalisa pyrenomycetecolonyGonytrichum dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesfallen, dead, esp. covered by leaf mouldbranch (1-12)colony of Gonytrichum dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on fallen, dead, esp. covered by leaf mould branch
branch (fallen, dead) fallen, dead branch is decayed by effuse colony of Helminthosporium dematiaceous anamorph Helminthosporium velutinum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Pleosporales: Massarinaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Massarinaceae/Helminthosporium velutinum/Helminthosporium velutinuma dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyHelminthosporium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesfallen, deadbranch effuse colony of Helminthosporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on fallen, dead branch
branch (fallen, dead) fallen, dead branch is decayed by effuse colony of Phaeoisaria dematiaceous anamorph Phaeoisaria clematidis a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Calosphaeriales: Calosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Calosphaeriales/Calosphaeriaceae/Phaeoisaria clematidis/Phaeoisaria clematidisa dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyPhaeoisaria dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesfallen, deadbranch (11-4)effuse colony of Phaeoisaria dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on fallen, dead branch
branch (fallen, dead) fallen, dead branch is decayed by perithecium Chaetosphaeria innumera a pyrenomycete Chaetosphaeriales: Chaetosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Chaetosphaeriales/Chaetosphaeriaceae/Chaetosphaeria innumera/Chaetosphaeria innumeraa pyrenomyceteperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesfallen, deadbranch (9-5)perithecium is saprobic on fallen, dead branch
branch (fallen, dead) fallen, dead branch is decayed by colony of Catenularia dematiaceous anamorph Chaetosphaeria innumera a pyrenomycete Chaetosphaeriales: Chaetosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Chaetosphaeriales/Chaetosphaeriaceae/Chaetosphaeria innumera/Chaetosphaeria innumeraa pyrenomycetecolonyCatenularia dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesfallen, deadbranch (9-5)colony of Catenularia dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on fallen, dead branch
branch (fallen, dead) fallen, dead branch is decayed by colony of Catenularia dematiaceous anamorph Chaetosphaeria myriocarpa a pyrenomycete Chaetosphaeriales: Chaetosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Chaetosphaeriales/Chaetosphaeriaceae/Chaetosphaeria myriocarpa/Chaetosphaeria myriocarpaa pyrenomycetecolonyCatenularia dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesfallen, deadbranch (1-12)colony of Catenularia dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on fallen, dead branch
branch (fallen, dead) fallen, dead branch is decayed by perithecium Chaetosphaeria myriocarpa a pyrenomycete Chaetosphaeriales: Chaetosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Chaetosphaeriales/Chaetosphaeriaceae/Chaetosphaeria myriocarpa/Chaetosphaeria myriocarpaa pyrenomyceteperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesfallen, deadbranch (1-12)perithecium is saprobic on fallen, dead branch
branch (fallen, dead) fallen, dead branch is decayed by colony of Phaeostalagmus dematiaceous anamorph Phaeostalagmus cyclosporus a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Chaetosphaeriales: Chaetosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Chaetosphaeriales/Chaetosphaeriaceae/Phaeostalagmus cyclosporus/Phaeostalagmus cyclosporusa dematiaceous anamorphic funguscolonyPhaeostalagmus dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesfallen, deadbranch (1-12)colony of Phaeostalagmus dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on fallen, dead branch
branch (fallen, lying in grass or partly buried) fallen, lying in grass or partly buried branch is decayed by long slender stalked apothecium Lachnum pygmaeum a discomycete Helotiales: Lachnaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Lachnaceae/Lachnum pygmaeum/Lachnum pygmaeuma discomycetelong slender stalkedapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesfallen, lying in grass or partly buriedbranch (4-10)long slender stalked apothecium is saprobic on fallen, lying in grass or partly buried branch
branch (fallen) fallen branch is decayed by effuse colony of Pseudospiropes dematiaceous anamorph Pseudospiropes obclavatus a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Helotiales: Helotiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Pseudospiropes obclavatus/Pseudospiropes obclavatusa dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyPseudospiropes dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesfallenbranch effuse colony of Pseudospiropes dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on fallen branch
branch (fallen) fallen branch is decayed by effuse colony of Pleurotheciopsis dematiaceous anamorph Pleurotheciopsis bramleyi a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Pleurotheciopsis bramleyi/Pleurotheciopsis bramleyia dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyPleurotheciopsis dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesfallenbranch (1-12)effuse colony of Pleurotheciopsis dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on fallen branch
branch (live, decorticate) live, decorticate branch is decayed by fruitbody UK/IrelandRare Vuilleminia comedens Waxy Crust Corticiales: Corticiaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
British Vuilleminia species, Morris, I. & Roberts, P., 1997
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Corticiales/Corticiaceae/Vuilleminia comedens/Vuilleminia comedenswaxy crustfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheslive, decorticatebranchRare fruitbody is saprobic on live, decorticate branch
branch (newly fallen) newly fallen branch is decayed by erumpent stroma Major Diatrypella favacea Birch Blackhead Xylariales: Diatrypaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Diatrypaceae/Diatrypella favacea/Diatrypella favaceabirch blackheaderumpentstroma Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesnewly fallenbranchMajor (11-3)erumpent stroma is saprobic on newly fallen branch
branch (newly fallen) newly fallen branch is decayed by immersed, clustered, stromatic perithecium Major Diatrypella favacea Birch Blackhead Xylariales: Diatrypaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Diatrypaceae/Diatrypella favacea/Diatrypella favaceabirch blackheadimmersed, clustered, stromaticperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesnewly fallenbranchMajor (11-3)immersed, clustered, stromatic perithecium is saprobic on newly fallen branch
branch (old, dead, decorticate) old, dead, decorticate branch is decayed by fruitbody Foreign Xylobolus frustulatus a basidiomycete fungus Russulales: Stereaceae Contribution to chorology of Xylobolus frustulatus in Poland, Stasinska, M., 2008
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Stereaceae/Xylobolus frustulatus/Xylobolus frustulatusa basidiomycete fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeForeign /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesold, dead, decorticatebranch fruitbody is saprobic on old, dead, decorticate branch
branch (old, dead, fallen) old, dead, fallen branch is decayed by fruitbody Basidioradulum radula Toothed Crust Hymenochaetales: Schizoporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Hymenochaetales/Schizoporaceae/Basidioradulum radula/Basidioradulum radulatoothed crustfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesold, dead, fallenbranch fruitbody is saprobic on old, dead, fallen branch
branch (rotten, decorticate) rotten, decorticate branch is decayed by often long-stalked apothecium Lachnum brevipilosum a discomycete Helotiales: Lachnaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Lachnaceae/Lachnum brevipilosum/Lachnum brevipilosuma discomyceteoften long-stalkedapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrotten, decorticatebranch (1-9)often long-stalked apothecium is saprobic on rotten, decorticate branch
branch (small, decorticated, fallen) small, decorticated, fallen branch may have epiphytic fruitbody UK/Ireland Antrodia albida a bracket fungus Polyporales: Fomitopsidaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Fomitopsidaceae/Antrodia albida/Antrodia albidaa bracket fungusfruitbody Plant / epiphyteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchessmall, decorticated, fallenbranch fruitbody grows on small, decorticated, fallen branch
bud (vegetative) bud (vegetative) may contain larva Temnocerus longiceps a leafroller weevil Coleoptera: Rhynchitidae Orthocerous Weevils, Morris, M.G., 1990
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Rhynchitidae/Temnocerus longiceps/Temnocerus longicepsa leafroller weevillarva Foodplant / internal feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesbud (vegetative) larva feeds within bud (vegetative)
bud (vegetative) bud (vegetative) may contain larva Major Temnocerus nanus a leafroller weevil Coleoptera: Rhynchitidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
Orthocerous Weevils, Morris, M.G., 1990
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Rhynchitidae/Temnocerus nanus/Temnocerus nanusa leafroller weevillarva Foodplant / internal feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesbud (vegetative)Major larva feeds within bud (vegetative)
bud (live) live bud is galled by colony Acalitus rudis a mite Trombidiformes: Eriophyidae Plant Galls, Redfern, M. & Askew, R.R., 1992
Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls, Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Arachnida/Trombidiformes/Eriophyidae/Acalitus rudis/Acalitus rudisa mitecolony Foodplant / gall /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheslivebud colony causes gall of live bud
bud (live) live bud may contain caterpillar Zeuzera pyrina Leopard Moth Lepidoptera: Cossidae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Lepidoptera/Cossidae/Zeuzera pyrina/Zeuzera pyrinaleopard mothcaterpillar Foodplant / internal feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheslivebud caterpillar feeds within live bud
cambium cambium is mined by larva Cerylon ferrugineum a cerylonid beetle Coleoptera: Cerylonidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Cerylonidae/Cerylon ferrugineum/Cerylon ferrugineuma cerylonid beetlelarva Foodplant / miner /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchescambium larva mines cambium
cambium cambium of especially weakened or moribund may contain larva Scolytus ratzeburgi Birch Bark Beetle Coleoptera: Curculionidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
Ophiostoma denticiliatum sp. nov. and other Ophiostoma species associated with the birch bark beetle in southern Norway, Linnakoski, R., de Beer, Z.W., Rousi, M., Solheim, H. & Wingfield, M.J., 2009
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Scolytus ratzeburgi/Scolytus ratzeburgibirch bark beetlelarva Foodplant / internal feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchescambiumespecially weakened or moribund larva feeds within cambium of especially weakened or moribund
catkin (female) catkin (female) may contain larva Restricted Betulapion simile a seed weevil Coleoptera: Apionidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
Orthocerous Weevils, Morris, M.G., 1990
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Apionidae/Betulapion simile/Betulapion similea seed weevillarva Foodplant / internal feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchescatkin (female)Sole larva feeds within catkin (female)
catkin (female) (live, ripe) live, ripe catkin (female) may contain nymph UK/IrelandMajor Kleidocerys resedae Birch Catkin Bug Hemiptera: Lygaeidae Some foods of Heteroptera larvae in the wild, Hawkins, R.D., 1985
Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Lygaeidae/Kleidocerys resedae/Kleidocerys resedaebirch catkin bugnymph Foodplant / internal feederUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheslive, ripecatkin (female)Major nymph feeds within live, ripe catkin (female)
catkin (female) (live, young) live, young catkin (female) may contain nymph UK/IrelandMajor Kleidocerys resedae Birch Catkin Bug Hemiptera: Lygaeidae Some foods of Heteroptera larvae in the wild, Hawkins, R.D., 1985
Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Lygaeidae/Kleidocerys resedae/Kleidocerys resedaebirch catkin bugnymph Foodplant / internal feederUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheslive, youngcatkin (female)Major nymph feeds within live, young catkin (female)
catkin (female) (young) young catkin (female) has sap sucked by nymph UK/IrelandMajor Elasmostethus interstinctus Birch Shieldbug Hemiptera: Acanthosomatidae Some foods of Heteroptera larvae in the wild, Hawkins, R.D., 1985
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Acanthosomatidae/Elasmostethus interstinctus/Elasmostethus interstinctusbirch shieldbugnymph Foodplant / sap suckerUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesyoungcatkin (female)Major nymph sucks sap of young catkin (female)
catkin (female) (young) young catkin (female) has sap sucked by nymph UK/Ireland Elasmucha grisea Parent Bug Hemiptera: Acanthosomatidae Some foods of Heteroptera larvae in the wild, Hawkins, R.D., 1985
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Acanthosomatidae/Elasmucha grisea/Elasmucha griseaparent bugnymph Foodplant / sap suckerUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesyoungcatkin (female) nymph sucks sap of young catkin (female)
catkin catkin is visited for nectar and/or pollen by imago Major Xyela julii a sawfly Hymenoptera: Xyelidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (a), Benson, R.B., 1951
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Xyelidae/Xyela julii/Xyela juliia sawflyimago Foodplant / visitor /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchescatkinMajor imago visits for nectar and/or pollen catkin
catkin (live) live catkin has sap sucked by adult Major Kleidocerys resedae Birch Catkin Bug Hemiptera: Lygaeidae Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Lygaeidae/Kleidocerys resedae/Kleidocerys resedaebirch catkin bugadult Foodplant / sap sucker /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabircheslivecatkinMajor adult sucks sap of live catkin
cavity (large mould-filled) large mould-filled cavity of stump may contain larva Trichius fasciatus Bee Beetle Coleoptera: Cetoniidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Cetoniidae/Trichius fasciatus/Trichius fasciatusbee beetlelarva Foodplant / internal feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheslarge mould-filledcavitystump larva feeds within large mould-filled cavity of stump
debris (dead) dead debris is decayed by long stalked apothecium Lachnum virgineum Snowy Disco Helotiales: Lachnaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Lachnaceae/Lachnum virgineum/Lachnum virgineumsnowy discolong stalkedapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeaddebris (2-10)long stalked apothecium is saprobic on dead debris
flower (live) live flower is grazed by adult Foreign Clytra laeviuscula a leaf beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Clytra laeviuscula/Clytra laeviusculaa leaf beetleadult Foodplant / open feederForeign /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveflower (5-8)adult grazes on live flower
inside bark inside bark is decayed by scattered sporodochium of Bactrodesmium dematiaceous anamorph Bactrodesmium atrum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Bactrodesmium atrum/Bactrodesmium atruma dematiaceous anamorphic fungusscatteredsporodochiumBactrodesmium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesinside bark (3-6)scattered sporodochium of Bactrodesmium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on inside bark
inside bark inside bark is decayed by subiculate, sessile apothecium Minor Arachnopeziza aurata a discomycete Helotiales: Arachnopezizaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Arachnopezizaceae/Arachnopeziza aurata/Arachnopeziza aurataa discomycetesubiculate, sessileapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesinside barkMinor (1-7)subiculate, sessile apothecium is saprobic on inside bark
leaf - mainly on vein (decaying) decaying leaf - mainly on vein is decayed by stalked apothecium Hymenoscyphus caudatus a discomycete Helotiales: Helotiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Hymenoscyphus caudatus/Hymenoscyphus caudatusa discomycetestalkedapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdecayingleaf - mainly on vein (6-12)stalked apothecium is saprobic on decaying leaf - mainly on vein
leaf (margin) (live) live leaf (margin) is grazed by adult Foreign Clytra laeviuscula a leaf beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Clytra laeviuscula/Clytra laeviusculaa leaf beetleadult Foodplant / open feederForeign /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveleaf (margin) (5-8)adult grazes on live leaf (margin)
leaf (midrib) leaf (midrib) is galled by larva Massalongia rubra a gall midge Diptera: Cecidomyiidae Plant Galls, Redfern, M. & Askew, R.R., 1992
Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls, Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Cecidomyiidae/Massalongia rubra/Massalongia rubraa gall midgelarva Foodplant / gall /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaf (midrib) (5-9)larva causes gall of leaf (midrib)
leaf (midrib) leaf (midrib) may house ovum Restricted Nematinus acuminatus a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Nematinus acuminatus/Nematinus acuminatusa sawflyovum Plant / resting place / within /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaf (midrib)Sole ovum may be found in leaf (midrib)
leaf (midrib) leaf (midrib) may house ovum Restricted Nematinus caledonicus a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Nematinus caledonicus/Nematinus caledonicusa sawflyovum Plant / resting place / within /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaf (midrib)Sole ovum may be found in leaf (midrib)
leaf (petiole) leaf (petiole) may house ovum Hemichroa australis a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Hemichroa australis/Hemichroa australisa sawflyovum Plant / resting place / within /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaf (petiole) ovum may be found in leaf (petiole)
leaf (petiole) leaf (petiole) may house ovum Hemichroa crocea a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Hemichroa crocea/Hemichroa croceaa sawflyovum Plant / resting place / within /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaf (petiole) ovum may be found in leaf (petiole)
leaf (several leaves) leaf (several leaves) is rolled by larva Major Byctiscus betulae Hazel Leaf-roller Coleoptera: Rhynchitidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
Orthocerous Weevils, Morris, M.G., 1990
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Rhynchitidae/Byctiscus betulae/Byctiscus betulaehazel leaf-rollerlarva Foodplant / roller /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaf (several leaves)Major larva rolls leaf (several leaves)
leaf (upperside) leaf (upperside) is grazed by flattened larva Restricted Dineura virididorsata a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Dineura virididorsata/Dineura virididorsataa sawflyflattenedlarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaf (upperside)Sole flattened larva grazes on leaf (upperside)
leaf (vein axil) leaf (vein axil) is galled by colony Phytoptus lionotus a gall mite Trombidiformes: Phytoptidae Plant Galls, Redfern, M. & Askew, R.R., 1992
Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls, Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Arachnida/Trombidiformes/Phytoptidae/Phytoptus lionotus/Phytoptus lionotusa gall mitecolony Foodplant / gall /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaf (vein axil) (5-9)colony causes gall of leaf (vein axil)
leaf (young, terminal) (crinkled, with swollen midrib and lateral veins) crinkled, with swollen midrib and lateral veins leaf (young, terminal) is galled by solitary larva Plemeliella betulicola a gall midge Diptera: Cecidomyiidae Plant Galls, Redfern, M. & Askew, R.R., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Cecidomyiidae/Plemeliella betulicola/Plemeliella betulicolaa gall midgesolitarylarva Foodplant / gall /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchescrinkled, with swollen midrib and lateral veinsleaf (young, terminal) solitary larva causes gall of crinkled, with swollen midrib and lateral veins leaf (young, terminal)
leaf blade leaf blade is galled by larva Massalongia betulifolia a gall midge Diptera: Cecidomyiidae Plant Galls, Redfern, M. & Askew, R.R., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Cecidomyiidae/Massalongia betulifolia/Massalongia betulifoliaa gall midgelarva Foodplant / gall /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaf blade (9-10)larva causes gall of leaf blade
leaf edge (live) live leaf edge is grazed by gregarious larva Major Craesus septentrionalis Hazel Sawfly, Birch Sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958
Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Craesus septentrionalis/Craesus septentrionalishazel sawfly, birch sawflygregariouslarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveleaf edgeMajor (5-)gregarious larva grazes on live leaf edge
leaf vein leaf vein is galled by larva Massalongia betulifolia a gall midge Diptera: Cecidomyiidae Plant Galls, Redfern, M. & Askew, R.R., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Cecidomyiidae/Massalongia betulifolia/Massalongia betulifoliaa gall midgelarva Foodplant / gall /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaf vein (9-10)larva causes gall of leaf vein
leaf-litter leaf-litter is decayed by scattered, stalked apothecium UK/Ireland Pilatia foliorum a discomycete Helotiales: Hyaloscyphaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Hyaloscyphaceae/Pilatia foliorum/Pilatia folioruma discomycetescattered, stalkedapothecium Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaf-litter scattered, stalked apothecium is saprobic on leaf-litter
leaf? leaf? is grazed by adult UK/IrelandMinor Smaragdina affinis a leaf beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Smaragdina affinis/Smaragdina affinisa leaf beetleadult Foodplant / open feederUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaf?Minor (5-6)adult grazes on leaf?
leaf leaf is grazed by mobile cased larva Questionable Cryptocephalus exiguus Pashford Pot Beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Cryptocephalus exiguus/Cryptocephalus exiguuspashford pot beetlelarva Foodplant / mobile cased feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches?leaf larva grazes in mobile case on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by mobile cased larva Cryptocephalus labiatus a leaf beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Cryptocephalus labiatus/Cryptocephalus labiatusa leaf beetlelarva Foodplant / mobile cased feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaf larva grazes in mobile case on leaf
leaf leaf of young is grazed by adult Zeugophora turneri a leaf beetle Coleoptera: Megalopodidae Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Megalopodidae/Zeugophora turneri/Zeugophora turneria leaf beetleadult Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleafyoung (4,6-10)adult grazes on leaf of young
leaf leaf is mined by larva UK/IrelandRestricted Anoplus plantaris a weevil Coleoptera: Curculionidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
True Weevils (Part I): Family Curculionidae, subfamilies Raymondionyminae to Smicronychinae, Morris, M.G., 2002
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Anoplus plantaris/Anoplus plantarisa weevillarva Foodplant / minerUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesleafSole larva mines leaf
leaf leaf is foodplant of imago Hylobius abietis Pine Weevil Coleoptera: Curculionidae The Assessment of Site Characteristics as Part of a Management Strategy to Reduce Damage by Hylobius, Heritage, S & Moore, R., 2001
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Hylobius (Callirus) abietis/Hylobius (Callirus) abietispine weevilimago Foodplant / feeds on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaf imago feeds on leaf
leaf leaf is mined by larva Caenorhinus mannerheimii a leaf-roller weevil Coleoptera: Rhynchitidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
Orthocerous Weevils, Morris, M.G., 1990
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Rhynchitidae/Caenorhinus mannerheimii/Caenorhinus mannerheimiia leaf-roller weevillarva Foodplant / miner /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaf larva mines leaf
leaf leaf is rolled by larva Deporaus betulae Birch Leaf-roller, Birch Leaf Roller Coleoptera: Rhynchitidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
Orthocerous Weevils, Morris, M.G., 1990
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Rhynchitidae/Deporaus betulae/Deporaus betulaebirch leaf-roller, birch leaf rollerlarva Foodplant / roller /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaf larva rolls leaf
leaf leaf is mined by solitary larva Restricted Agromyza alnibetulae a leaf-mining fly Diptera: Agromyzidae Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Agromyza alnibetulae/Agromyza alnibetulaea leaf-mining flysolitarylarva Foodplant / miner /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesleafSole solitary larva mines leaf
leaf leaf is rolled by larva Restricted Pamphilius pallipes a sawfly Hymenoptera: Pamphiliidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (a), Benson, R.B., 1951
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Pamphiliidae/Pamphilius pallipes/Pamphilius pallipesa sawflylarva Foodplant / roller /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesleafSole larva rolls leaf
leaf leaf is rolled by larva Restricted Pamphilius varius a sawfly Hymenoptera: Pamphiliidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (a), Benson, R.B., 1951
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Pamphiliidae/Pamphilius varius/Pamphilius variusa sawflylarva Foodplant / roller /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesleafSole larva rolls leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Arge fuscipes a sawfly Hymenoptera: Argidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (a), Benson, R.B., 1951
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Argidae/Arge fuscipes/Arge fuscipesa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaf larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Restricted Arge metallica a sawfly Hymenoptera: Argidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (a), Benson, R.B., 1951
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Argidae/Arge metallica/Arge metallicaa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesleafSole larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Arge ustulata a sawfly Hymenoptera: Argidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (a), Benson, R.B., 1951
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Argidae/Arge ustulata/Arge ustulataa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaf larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Restricted Cimbex femoratus a clubhorned sawfly Hymenoptera: Cimbicidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (a), Benson, R.B., 1951
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Cimbicidae/Cimbex femoratus/Cimbex femoratusa clubhorned sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesleafSole larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Trichiosoma laterale a clubhorned sawfly Hymenoptera: Cimbicidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (a), Benson, R.B., 1951
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Cimbicidae/Trichiosoma laterale/Trichiosoma lateralea clubhorned sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaf larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Trichiosoma lucorum a clubhorned sawfly Hymenoptera: Cimbicidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (a), Benson, R.B., 1951
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Cimbicidae/Trichiosoma lucorum/Trichiosoma lucoruma clubhorned sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaf larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Minor Allantus togatus a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Allantus togatus/Allantus togatusa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesleafMinor larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Restricted Amauronematus amplus a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Amauronematus amplus/Amauronematus amplusa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesleafSole larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Caliroa annulipes a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Caliroa annulipes/Caliroa annulipesa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaf larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Caliroa varipes a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Caliroa varipes/Caliroa varipesa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaf larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Cladius pallipes a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Cladius (Priophorus) pallipes/Cladius (Priophorus) pallipesa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaf larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by gregarious larva Restricted Craesus latipes a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Craesus latipes/Craesus latipesa sawflygregariouslarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesleafSole gregarious larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Restricted Empria candidata a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Empria candidata/Empria candidataa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesleafSole larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is mined by larva Fenusa pumila a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Fenusa pumila/Fenusa pumilaa sawflylarva Foodplant / miner /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaf larva mines leaf
leaf leaf is mined by larva Fenusella nana a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Fenusella nana/Fenusella nanaa sawflylarva Foodplant / miner /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaf larva mines leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by usually solitary larva Hemichroa australis a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Hemichroa australis/Hemichroa australisa sawflyusually solitarylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaf usually solitary larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by gregarious larva Hemichroa crocea a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Hemichroa crocea/Hemichroa croceaa sawflygregariouslarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaf gregarious larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Restricted Nematinus acuminatus a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Nematinus acuminatus/Nematinus acuminatusa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesleafSole larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Restricted Nematinus caledonicus a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Nematinus caledonicus/Nematinus caledonicusa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesleafSole larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Nematus vicinus a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Nematus (Nematus) vicinus/Nematus (Nematus) vicinusa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaf larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Restricted Nematus brevivalvis a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Nematus (Pteronidea) brevivalvis/Nematus (Pteronidea) brevivalvisa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesleafSole larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Restricted Nematus cadderensis a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Nematus (Pteronidea) cadderensis/Nematus (Pteronidea) cadderensisa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesleafSole larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Restricted Nematus dorsatus a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Nematus (Pteronidea) dorsatus/Nematus (Pteronidea) dorsatusa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesleafSole larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Restricted Nematus leionotus a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Nematus (Pteronidea) leionotus/Nematus (Pteronidea) leionotusa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesleafSole larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by gregarious larva Nematus melanaspis a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Nematus (Pteronidea) melanaspis/Nematus (Pteronidea) melanaspisa sawflygregariouslarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaf gregarious larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Minor Nematus melanocephalus a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Nematus (Pteronidea) melanocephalus/Nematus (Pteronidea) melanocephalusa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesleafMinor larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Restricted Nematus poecilonotus a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Nematus (Pteronidea) poecilonotus/Nematus (Pteronidea) poecilonotusa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesleafSole larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Major Nematus umbratus a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Nematus (Pteronidea) umbratus/Nematus (Pteronidea) umbratusa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesleafMajor larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Restricted Nematus viridis a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Nematus (Pteronidea) viridis/Nematus (Pteronidea) viridisa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesleafSole larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Restricted Pristiphora albilabris a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Pristiphora (Lygaeotus) albilabris/Pristiphora (Lygaeotus) albilabrisa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesleafSole larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Restricted Pristiphora alpestris a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Pristiphora (Lygaeotus) alpestris/Pristiphora (Lygaeotus) alpestrisa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesleafSole larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Restricted Pristiphora pseudocoactula a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Pristiphora (Lygaeotus) pseudocoactula/Pristiphora (Lygaeotus) pseudocoactulaa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesleafSole larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Pristiphora cincta a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Pristiphora (Pristiphora) cincta/Pristiphora (Pristiphora) cinctaa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaf larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Pristiphora melanocarpa a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Pristiphora (Pristiphora) melanocarpa/Pristiphora (Pristiphora) melanocarpaa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaf larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by social larva Restricted Pristiphora testacea a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Pristiphora (Pristiphora) testacea/Pristiphora (Pristiphora) testaceaa sawflysociallarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesleafSole social larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is mined by larva Restricted Profenusa thomsoni a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Profenusa thomsoni/Profenusa thomsonia sawflylarva Foodplant / miner /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesleafSole larva mines leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by nocturnal larva Rhogogaster punctulata a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Rhogogaster punctulata/Rhogogaster punctulataa sawflynocturnallarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaf nocturnal larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is mined by larva Scolioneura betuleti a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Scolioneura betuleti/Scolioneura betuletia sawflylarva Foodplant / miner /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaf larva mines leaf
leaf leaf of litter may house larva Megathrips lativentris a fungus thrips Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae Thysanoptera, Mound L.A., Morison, G.D., Pitkin, B.R. & Palmer, J.M., 1976
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Thysanoptera/Phlaeothripidae/Megathrips lativentris/Megathrips lativentrisa fungus thripslarva Plant / resting place / among /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaflitter (5-10)larva may be found among leaf of litter
leaf leaf of litter may house female macropter Megathrips lativentris a fungus thrips Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae Thysanoptera, Mound L.A., Morison, G.D., Pitkin, B.R. & Palmer, J.M., 1976
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Thysanoptera/Phlaeothripidae/Megathrips lativentris/Megathrips lativentrisa fungus thripsfemale macropter Plant / resting place / among /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaflitter (4-8)female macropter may be found among leaf of litter
leaf leaf of litter may house female micropter Megathrips lativentris a fungus thrips Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae Thysanoptera, Mound L.A., Morison, G.D., Pitkin, B.R. & Palmer, J.M., 1976
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Thysanoptera/Phlaeothripidae/Megathrips lativentris/Megathrips lativentrisa fungus thripsfemale micropter Plant / resting place / among /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaflitter (1-10)female micropter may be found among leaf of litter
leaf leaf of litter may house male micropter Megathrips lativentris a fungus thrips Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae Thysanoptera, Mound L.A., Morison, G.D., Pitkin, B.R. & Palmer, J.M., 1976
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Thysanoptera/Phlaeothripidae/Megathrips lativentris/Megathrips lativentrisa fungus thripsmale micropter Plant / resting place / among /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesleaflitter (4-9)male micropter may be found among leaf of litter
leaf (dead, decayed) dead, decayed leaf of litter is decayed by fruitbody Leucoagaricus georginae a dapperling Agaricales: Agaricaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Agaricaceae/Leucoagaricus georginae/Leucoagaricus georginaea dapperlingfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedleaflitter fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed leaf of litter
leaf (dead, decayed) dead, decayed leaf of litter is decayed by fruitbody Leucocoprinus brebissonii Skullcap Dapperling Agaricales: Agaricaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Agaricaceae/Leucocoprinus brebissonii/Leucocoprinus brebissoniiskullcap dapperlingfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedleaflitter fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed leaf of litter
leaf (dead, decayed) dead, decayed leaf of litter is decayed by fruitbody Rare Mycena capillaripes Pinkedge Bonnet Agaricales: Mycenaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Mycenaceae/Mycena capillaripes/Mycena capillaripespinkedge bonnetfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedleaflitterRare fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed leaf of litter
leaf (dead, decayed) dead, decayed leaf of litter is decayed by fruitbody Minor Mycena cinerella Mealy Bonnet Agaricales: Mycenaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Mycenaceae/Mycena cinerella/Mycena cinerellamealy bonnetfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedleaflitterMinor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed leaf of litter
leaf (dead, fallen, among wet Sphagnum) dead, fallen, among wet Sphagnum leaf is decayed by sessile apothecium Leucoscypha erminea a discomycete Pezizales: Pyronemataceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Pezizomycetes/Pezizales/Pyronemataceae/Leucoscypha erminea/Leucoscypha ermineaa discomycetesessileapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, among wet Sphagnumleaf (6)sessile apothecium is saprobic on dead, fallen, among wet Sphagnum leaf
leaf (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed leaf of litter is decayed by fruitbody Major Myochromella boudieri a greyling Agaricales: Lyophyllaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Lyophyllaceae/Myochromella boudieri/Myochromella boudieria greylingfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedleaflitterMajor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed leaf of litter
leaf (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed leaf is decayed by fruitbody Rare Marasmius bulliardii a parachute Agaricales: Marasmiaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Marasmiaceae/Marasmius bulliardii/Marasmius bulliardiia parachutefruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedleafRare (- late autumn)fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed leaf
leaf (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed leaf is decayed by fruitbody Marasmius torquescens a toadstool Agaricales: Marasmiaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Marasmiaceae/Marasmius torquescens/Marasmius torquescensa toadstoolfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedleaf fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed leaf
leaf (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed leaf of litter is decayed by fruitbody Rare Mycena pelianthina Blackedge Bonnet Agaricales: Mycenaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Mycenaceae/Mycena pelianthina/Mycena pelianthinablackedge bonnetfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedleaflitterRare fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed leaf of litter
leaf (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed leaf is decayed by fruitbody Rare Gymnopus androsaceus Horsehair Parachute, Heather Dieback and Snow-blight - causative organism, Horse-hair Fungus Agaricales: Omphalotaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Omphalotaceae/Gymnopus androsaceus/Gymnopus androsaceushorsehair parachute, heather dieback and snow-blight (causative organism), horse-hair fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedleafRare fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed leaf
leaf (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed leaf is decayed by fruitbody Minor Typhula erythropus Redleg Club Agaricales: Typhulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Typhulaceae/Typhula erythropus/Typhula erythropusredleg clubfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedleafMinor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed leaf
leaf (dead, fallen, decaying) dead, fallen, decaying leaf of litter is decayed by fruitbody Mycena rosea Rosy Bonnet Agaricales: Mycenaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Mycenaceae/Mycena rosea/Mycena rosearosy bonnetfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayingleaflitter fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decaying leaf of litter
leaf (dead, fallen) dead, fallen leaf is decayed by immersed pseudothecium Venturia ditricha an ascomycete Venturiales: Venturiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Venturiales/Venturiaceae/Venturia ditricha/Venturia ditrichaan ascomyceteimmersedpseudothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallenleaf (1-6)immersed pseudothecium is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf
leaf (dead, fallen) dead, fallen leaf is decayed by apothecium Trichodiscus diversipilus a discomycete Helotiales: Dermateaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Trichodiscus diversipilus/Trichodiscus diversipilusa discomyceteapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallenleaf (10-11)apothecium is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf
leaf (dead, fallen) dead, fallen leaf is decayed by apothecium Calycellina lachnobrachya a discomycete Helotiales: Hyaloscyphaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Hyaloscyphaceae/Calycellina lachnobrachya/Calycellina lachnobrachyaa discomyceteapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallenleaf (9-10)apothecium is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf
leaf (dead, fallen) dead, fallen leaf is decayed by apothecium Calycellina leucella a discomycete Helotiales: Hyaloscyphaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Hyaloscyphaceae/Calycellina leucella/Calycellina leucellaa discomyceteapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallenleaf (10-12)apothecium is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf
leaf (dead, fallen) dead, fallen leaf is decayed by erumpent, subsessile apothecium Calycellina populina a discomycete Helotiales: Hyaloscyphaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Hyaloscyphaceae/Calycellina populina/Calycellina populinaa discomyceteerumpent, subsessileapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallenleaf (9-3)erumpent, subsessile apothecium is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf
leaf (dead, fallen) dead, fallen leaf is decayed by stalked apothecium Hyaloscypha fuscostipitata a discomycete Helotiales: Hyaloscyphaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Hyaloscyphaceae/Hyaloscypha fuscostipitata/Hyaloscypha fuscostipitataa discomycetestalkedapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallenleaf (7-10)stalked apothecium is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf
leaf (dead, fallen) dead, fallen leaf is decayed by apothecium Unguiculella foliicola a discomycete Helotiales: Hyaloscyphaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Hyaloscyphaceae/Unguiculella foliicola/Unguiculella foliicolaa discomyceteapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallenleaf (6-12)apothecium is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf
leaf (dead, fallen) dead, fallen leaf is decayed by immersed or erumpent perithecium Major Ophiognomonia alni-viridis a pyrenomycete Diaporthales: Gnomoniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Gnomoniaceae/Ophiognomonia alni-viridis/Ophiognomonia alni-viridisa pyrenomyceteimmersed or erumpentperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallenleafMajor (1-6)immersed or erumpent perithecium is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf
leaf (dead) dead leaf is decayed by clustered stroma Atopospora betulina Birch Tarspot Venturiales: Venturiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Venturiales/Venturiaceae/Atopospora betulina/Atopospora betulinabirch tarspotclusteredstroma Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadleaf clustered stroma is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead) dead leaf is decayed by effuse colony of Sporidesmium dematiaceous anamorph Sporidesmium goidanichii a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Sporidesmium goidanichii/Sporidesmium goidanichiia dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonySporidesmium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadleaf effuse colony of Sporidesmium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead) dead leaf is decayed by effuse colony of Mirandina dematiaceous anamorph Mirandina corticola a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Helotiales Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Mirandina corticola/Mirandina corticolaa dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyMirandina dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadleaf (4-10)effuse colony of Mirandina dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead) dead leaf is decayed by apothecium Coccomyces coronatus a discomycete Rhytismatales: Rhytismataceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Rhytismatales/Rhytismataceae/Coccomyces coronatus/Coccomyces coronatusa discomyceteapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadleaf (8-11)apothecium is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead) dead leaf is decayed by immersed pycnidium of Coleophoma coelomycetous anamorph Coleophoma empetri a coelomycete Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Coleophoma empetri/Coleophoma empetria coelomyceteimmersedpycnidiumColeophoma coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadleaf (10-4)immersed pycnidium of Coleophoma coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead) dead leaf is decayed by hypophyllous, mostly immersed perithecium Apiognomonia errabunda a pyrenomycete Diaporthales: Gnomoniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Gnomoniaceae/Apiognomonia errabunda/Apiognomonia errabundaa pyrenomycetehypophyllous, mostly immersedperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadleaf (3-5)hypophyllous, mostly immersed perithecium is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead) dead leaf is decayed by immersed or partly immersed pycnidium of Coniella coelomycetous anamorph Coniella castaneicola a coelomycete Diaporthales: Schizoparmaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Schizoparmaceae/Coniella castaneicola/Coniella castaneicolaa coelomyceteimmersed or partly immersedpycnidiumConiella coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadleaf immersed or partly immersed pycnidium of Coniella coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead) dead leaf is decayed by effuse colony of Fusidium anamorph Fusidium griseum an anamorphic fungus Hypocreales: Nectriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Fusidium griseum/Fusidium griseuman anamorphic funguseffusecolonyFusidium anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadleaf (11-1)effuse colony of Fusidium anamorph is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead) dead leaf is decayed by colony of Chalara dematiaceous anamorph UK/Ireland Chalara aurea a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microascales Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Microascales/Chalara aurea/Chalara aureaa dematiaceous anamorphic funguscolonyChalara dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadleaf colony of Chalara dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (decayed) decayed leaf of litter is decayed by fruitbody Gymnopus brassicolens var brassicolens Cabbage Parachute Agaricales: Omphalotaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Omphalotaceae/Gymnopus brassicolens var. brassicolens/Gymnopus brassicolens var. brassicolenscabbage parachutefruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdecayedleaflitter fruitbody is saprobic on decayed leaf of litter
leaf (faded, mouldy) faded, mouldy leaf is grazed by mobile cased larva MajorCaptivity Cryptocephalus parvulus a leaf beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Cryptocephalus parvulus/Cryptocephalus parvulusa leaf beetlelarva Foodplant / mobile cased feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesfaded, mouldyleafMajor Indoors, in greenhouse, captivity, culture or experimentally inducedlarva grazes in mobile case on faded, mouldy leaf
leaf (fallen, dead) fallen, dead leaf is decayed by conidioma of Pilidium coelomycetous anamorph Pilidium acerinum a coelomycete Helotiales: Chaetomellaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Chaetomellaceae/Pilidium acerinum/Pilidium acerinuma coelomyceteconidiomaPilidium coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesfallen, deadleaf (9-5)conidioma of Pilidium coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on fallen, dead leaf
leaf (live, small, swollen, pale) live, small, swollen, pale leaf is parasitised by Taphrina betulina Birch Besom Taphrinales: Taphrinaceae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Taphrinomycetes/Taphrinales/Taphrinaceae/Taphrina betulina/Taphrina betulinabirch besom Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheslive, small, swollen, paleleaf (6)parasitises live, small, swollen, pale leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is galled by colony Acalitus rudis a mite Trombidiformes: Eriophyidae Plant Galls, Redfern, M. & Askew, R.R., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Arachnida/Trombidiformes/Eriophyidae/Acalitus rudis/Acalitus rudisa mitecolony Foodplant / gall /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveleaf colony causes gall of live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is grazed by adult Major Cryptocephalus labiatus a leaf beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Cryptocephalus labiatus/Cryptocephalus labiatusa leaf beetleadult Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliveleafMajor (3-11)adult grazes on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is grazed by mobile cased larva Cryptocephalus nitidulus Shining Pot Beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Cryptocephalus nitidulus/Cryptocephalus nitidulusshining pot beetlelarva Foodplant / mobile cased feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveleaf larva grazes in mobile case on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is grazed by mobile cased larva Captivity Cryptocephalus parvulus a leaf beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Cryptocephalus parvulus/Cryptocephalus parvulusa leaf beetlelarva Foodplant / mobile cased feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveleaf Indoors, in greenhouse, captivity, culture or experimentally inducedlarva grazes in mobile case on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is grazed by adult Major Cryptocephalus parvulus a leaf beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Cryptocephalus parvulus/Cryptocephalus parvulusa leaf beetleadult Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliveleafMajor (4-9)adult grazes on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is foodplant of adult Questionable Cryptocephalus punctiger Blue Pepper-pot Beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Cryptocephalus punctiger/Cryptocephalus punctigerblue pepper-pot beetleadult Foodplant / feeds onRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveleaf (5-8)adult feeds on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is grazed by mobile cased larva Captivity Cryptocephalus pusillus a leaf beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Cryptocephalus pusillus/Cryptocephalus pusillusa leaf beetlelarva Foodplant / mobile cased feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveleaf Indoors, in greenhouse, captivity, culture or experimentally inducedlarva grazes in mobile case on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is grazed by adult Captivity Cryptocephalus pusillus a leaf beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Cryptocephalus pusillus/Cryptocephalus pusillusa leaf beetleadult Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveleaf Indoors, in greenhouse, captivity, culture or experimentally induced(5-10)adult grazes on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is grazed by adult Cryptocephalus sexpunctatus 6-spotted Pot Beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Cryptocephalus sexpunctatus/Cryptocephalus sexpunctatus6-spotted pot beetleadult Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveleaf (5-7)adult grazes on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf of esp. 5-year old seedlings is grazed by adult Labidostomis tridentata a leaf beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Labidostomis tridentata/Labidostomis tridentataa leaf beetleadult Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveleafesp. 5-year old seedlings (5-7)adult grazes on live leaf of esp. 5-year old seedlings
leaf (live) live leaf is grazed by caterpillar Major Biston betularia Peppered Moth Lepidoptera: Geometridae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Lepidoptera/Geometridae/Biston betularia/Biston betulariapeppered mothcaterpillar Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliveleafMajor caterpillar grazes on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is grazed by caterpillar Euproctis similis Yellow-tail Lepidoptera: Erebidae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Lepidoptera/Erebidae/Euproctis similis/Euproctis similisyellow-tailcaterpillar Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveleaf caterpillar grazes on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is grazed by caterpillar Acronicta psi Grey Dagger Lepidoptera: Noctuidae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Lepidoptera/Noctuidae/Acronicta psi/Acronicta psigrey daggercaterpillar Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveleaf caterpillar grazes on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is mined by caterpillar Lyonetia clerkella Apple Leaf Miner Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Lepidoptera/Lyonetiidae/Lyonetia clerkella/Lyonetia clerkellaapple leaf minercaterpillar Foodplant / miner /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveleaf caterpillar mines live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is grazed by web-dwelling communal caterpillar Malacosoma neustria The Lackey Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Lepidoptera/Lasiocampidae/Malacosoma neustria/Malacosoma neustriathe lackeycommunalcaterpillar Foodplant / web feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveleaf communal caterpillar feeds from web on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf may have male Mycterothrips consociatus a thrips Thysanoptera: Thripidae Thysanoptera, Mound L.A., Morison, G.D., Pitkin, B.R. & Palmer, J.M., 1976
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Thysanoptera/Thripidae/Mycterothrips consociatus/Mycterothrips consociatusa thripsmale Plant / resting place / on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveleaf (7-9)male may be found on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf may have female Mycterothrips consociatus a thrips Thysanoptera: Thripidae Thysanoptera, Mound L.A., Morison, G.D., Pitkin, B.R. & Palmer, J.M., 1976
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Thysanoptera/Thripidae/Mycterothrips consociatus/Mycterothrips consociatusa thripsfemale Plant / resting place / on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveleaf (4,7-9)female may be found on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf may have larva Mycterothrips consociatus a thrips Thysanoptera: Thripidae Thysanoptera, Mound L.A., Morison, G.D., Pitkin, B.R. & Palmer, J.M., 1976
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Thysanoptera/Thripidae/Mycterothrips consociatus/Mycterothrips consociatusa thripslarva Plant / resting place / on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveleaf (8)larva may be found on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf may have male Mycterothrips latus a thrips Thysanoptera: Thripidae Thysanoptera, Mound L.A., Morison, G.D., Pitkin, B.R. & Palmer, J.M., 1976
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Thysanoptera/Thripidae/Mycterothrips latus/Mycterothrips latusa thripsmale Plant / resting place / on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveleaf (6-8)male may be found on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf may have female Mycterothrips latus a thrips Thysanoptera: Thripidae Thysanoptera, Mound L.A., Morison, G.D., Pitkin, B.R. & Palmer, J.M., 1976
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Thysanoptera/Thripidae/Mycterothrips latus/Mycterothrips latusa thripsfemale Plant / resting place / on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveleaf (4-9)female may be found on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf may have larva Mycterothrips latus a thrips Thysanoptera: Thripidae Thysanoptera, Mound L.A., Morison, G.D., Pitkin, B.R. & Palmer, J.M., 1976
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Thysanoptera/Thripidae/Mycterothrips latus/Mycterothrips latusa thripslarva Plant / resting place / on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveleaf (6-9)larva may be found on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is parasitised by widely scattered, mostly epiphyllous pycnidium of Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Ramularia endophylla an ascomycete Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Ramularia endophylla/Ramularia endophyllaan ascomycetewidely scattered, mostly epiphyllouspycnidiumPhyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / parasiteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveleaf (8-11)widely scattered, mostly epiphyllous pycnidium of Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph parasitises live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is parasitised by Fusicladium coelomycetous anamorph Venturia ditricha an ascomycete Venturiales: Venturiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Venturiales/Venturiaceae/Venturia ditricha/Venturia ditrichaan ascomyceteFusicladium coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveleaf (late summer)Fusicladium coelomycetous anamorph parasitises live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is spotted by subcuticular, sometimes confluent acervulus of Asteroma coelomycetous anamorph Asteroma microspermum a coelomycete Diaporthales: Gnomoniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Gnomoniaceae/Asteroma microspermum/Asteroma microspermuma coelomycetesubcuticular, sometimes confluentacervulusAsteroma coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / spot causer /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveleaf subcuticular, sometimes confluent acervulus of Asteroma coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is parasitised by ascoma Taphrina betulina Birch Besom Taphrinales: Taphrinaceae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Taphrinomycetes/Taphrinales/Taphrinaceae/Taphrina betulina/Taphrina betulinabirch besomascoma Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveleaf (6-9)ascoma parasitises live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf of esp. young trees is parasitised by hypophyllous uredium Major Melampsoridium betulinum Birch Rust Pucciniales: Pucciniastraceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniastraceae/Melampsoridium betulinum/Melampsoridium betulinumbirch rusthypophyllousuredium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveleafesp. young treesMajor (8-10)hypophyllous uredium parasitises live leaf of esp. young trees
leaf (live) live leaf of esp. young trees is parasitised by hypophyllous, subepidermal telium Major Melampsoridium betulinum Birch Rust Pucciniales: Pucciniastraceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniastraceae/Melampsoridium betulinum/Melampsoridium betulinumbirch rusthypophyllous, subepidermaltelium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveleafesp. young treesMajor hypophyllous, subepidermal telium parasitises live leaf of esp. young trees
leaf (live) live leaf may be infected and damaged by Questionable Apple Mosaic virus a phytopathogenic virus Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
 /Apple Mosaic virus/Apple Mosaic virusa phytopathogenic virus Foodplant / pathogen /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches?liveleaf infects and damages live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf may be infected and damaged by Questionable Cherry Leaf-roll virus a phytopathogenic virus Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
 /Cherry Leaf-roll virus/Cherry Leaf-roll virusa phytopathogenic virus Foodplant / pathogen /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches?liveleaf infects and damages live leaf
leaf (newly fallen, dead) newly fallen, dead leaf is decayed by amphigenous conidioma of Discosia coelomycetous anamorph Discosia artocreas a coelomycete Xylariales: Amphisphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Amphisphaeriaceae/Discosia artocreas/Discosia artocreasa coelomyceteamphigenousconidiomaDiscosia coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesnewly fallen, deadleaf (10-4)amphigenous conidioma of Discosia coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on newly fallen, dead leaf
leaf (old, dead) old, dead leaf is decayed by amphigenous conidioma of Discosia coelomycetous anamorph Discosia artocreas a coelomycete Xylariales: Amphisphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Amphisphaeriaceae/Discosia artocreas/Discosia artocreasa coelomyceteamphigenousconidiomaDiscosia coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesold, deadleaf (10-4)amphigenous conidioma of Discosia coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on old, dead leaf
leaf (old) old leaf is grazed by mobile cased larva Captivity Cryptocephalus pusillus a leaf beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Cryptocephalus pusillus/Cryptocephalus pusillusa leaf beetlelarva Foodplant / mobile cased feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesoldleaf Indoors, in greenhouse, captivity, culture or experimentally inducedlarva grazes in mobile case on old leaf
leaf (overwintered, dead) overwintered, dead leaf is decayed by thyriothecium Minor Lichenopeltella nigroannulata a fly speck fungus Microthyriales: Microthyriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Microthyriales/Microthyriaceae/Lichenopeltella nigroannulata/Lichenopeltella nigroannulataa fly speck fungusthyriothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesoverwintered, deadleafMinor thyriothecium is saprobic on overwintered, dead leaf
leaf (overwintered, dead) overwintered, dead leaf is decayed by immersed, clypeate perithecium Apiosporopsis carpinea a pyrenomycete Diaporthales: Melanconidaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Melanconidaceae/Apiosporopsis carpinea/Apiosporopsis carpineaa pyrenomyceteimmersed, clypeateperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesoverwintered, deadleaf immersed, clypeate perithecium is saprobic on overwintered, dead leaf
leaf (recently fallen) recently fallen leaf is decayed by effuse colony of Cylindrium anamorph Cylindrium aeruginosum an anamorphic fungus Hypocreales: Nectriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Cylindrium aeruginosum/Cylindrium aeruginosuman anamorphic funguseffusecolonyCylindrium anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrecently fallenleaf effuse colony of Cylindrium anamorph is saprobic on recently fallen leaf
leaf (rotting) rotting leaf is decayed by effuse colony of Anavirga dematiaceous anamorph Anavirga laxa a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Helotiales: Vibrisseaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Vibrisseaceae/Anavirga laxa/Anavirga laxaa dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyAnavirga dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottingleaf effuse colony of Anavirga dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on rotting leaf
leaf (rotting) rotting leaf is decayed by effuse colony of Polyscytalum dematiaceous anamorph UK/Ireland Polyscytalum fecundissimum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Polyscytalum fecundissimum/Polyscytalum fecundissimuma dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyPolyscytalum dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottingleaf effuse colony of Polyscytalum dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on rotting leaf
leaf (rotting) rotting leaf is decayed by thread-like stroma Xylaria filiformis a stromatic pyrenomycete Xylariales: Xylariaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Xylaria filiformis/Xylaria filiformisa stromatic pyrenomycetethread-likestroma Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottingleaf thread-like stroma is saprobic on rotting leaf
leaf (thicker, tree-top) thicker, tree-top leaf is mined by larva Restricted Heterarthrus nemoratus a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Heterarthrus nemoratus/Heterarthrus nemoratusa sawflylarva Foodplant / miner /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesthicker, tree-topleafSole larva mines thicker, tree-top leaf
litter litter is decayed by effuse colony of Camposporium dematiaceous anamorph Camposporium cambrense a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Camposporium cambrense/Camposporium cambrensea dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyCamposporium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheslitter (1-12)effuse colony of Camposporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on litter
litter litter is decayed by effuse colony of Camposporium dematiaceous anamorph Camposporium pellucidum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Camposporium pellucidum/Camposporium pelluciduma dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyCamposporium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheslitter effuse colony of Camposporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on litter
litter litter is decayed by erumpent, short-stalked apothecium Hymenoscyphus immutabilis a discomycete Helotiales: Helotiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Hymenoscyphus immutabilis/Hymenoscyphus immutabilisa discomyceteerumpent, short-stalkedapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheslitter (10-12)erumpent, short-stalked apothecium is saprobic on litter
litter litter is decayed by sessile or subsessile apothecium Phaeohelotium epiphyllum a discomycete Helotiales: Helotiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Phaeohelotium epiphyllum/Phaeohelotium epiphylluma discomycetesessile or subsessileapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheslitter (9-11)sessile or subsessile apothecium is saprobic on litter
litter (dead, decayed) dead, decayed litter is decayed by fruitbody Rare Phanerochaete radicata a resupinate fungus Polyporales: Phanerochaetaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Phanerochaetaceae/Phanerochaete radicata/Phanerochaete radicataa resupinate fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedlitterRare fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed litter
litter (dead, leaf) dead, leaf litter is decayed by fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Amphinema byssoides Cratered Duster Atheliales: Atheliaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Atheliales/Atheliaceae/Amphinema byssoides/Amphinema byssoidescratered dusterfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches?dead, leaflitter fruitbody is saprobic on dead, leaf litter
litter (dead, rotting) dead, rotting litter is decayed by fruitbody Major Clitocybe odora Aniseed Funnel, Aniseed Toadstool Agaricales: Tricholomataceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Tricholomataceae/Clitocybe odora/Clitocybe odoraaniseed funnel, aniseed toadstoolfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, rottinglitterMajor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, rotting litter
litter (decayed) decayed litter is decayed by fruitbody Major Rhodocollybia maculata Spotted Toughshank Agaricales: Omphalotaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Omphalotaceae/Rhodocollybia maculata/Rhodocollybia maculataspotted toughshankfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdecayedlitterMajor fruitbody is saprobic on decayed litter
litter (decaying) decaying litter is decayed by fruitbody Major Rhodocollybia prolixa var distorta a toadstool Agaricales: Omphalotaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Omphalotaceae/Rhodocollybia prolixa var. distorta/Rhodocollybia prolixa var. distortaa toadstoolfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdecayinglitterMajor fruitbody is saprobic on decaying litter
log (bark) (fallen) fallen log (bark) is decayed by effuse colony of Phragmocephala dematiaceous anamorph Phragmocephala glanduliformis a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Phragmocephala glanduliformis/Phragmocephala glanduliformisa dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyPhragmocephala dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesfallenlog (bark) (9)effuse colony of Phragmocephala dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on fallen log (bark)
log (large) (dead, decayed (very)) dead, decayed (very) log (large) is decayed by fruitbody Rare Postia leucomallella a bracket fungus Polyporales: Fomitopsidaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Fomitopsidaceae/Postia leucomallella/Postia leucomallellaa bracket fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayed (very)log (large)Rare fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed (very) log (large)
log (large) (dead, decayed) dead, decayed log (large) is decayed by fruitbody Minor Polyporus leptocephalus Blackfoot Polypore Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Polyporus leptocephalus/Polyporus leptocephalusblackfoot polyporefruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedlog (large)Minor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed log (large)
log (large) (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed log (large) is decayed by fruitbody Simocybe centunculus var centunculus Dingy Twiglet Agaricales: Inocybaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Inocybaceae/Simocybe centunculus var. centunculus/Simocybe centunculus var. centunculusdingy twigletfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedlog (large) fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed log (large)
log (large) (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed log (large) is decayed by fruitbody Pholiota aurivella Golden Scalycap Agaricales: Strophariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Strophariaceae/Pholiota aurivella/Pholiota aurivellagolden scalycapfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedlog (large) fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed log (large)
log (large) (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed log (large) is decayed by fruitbody Minor Skeletocutis vulgaris a basidiomycete fungus Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Skeletocutis vulgaris/Skeletocutis vulgarisa basidiomycete fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedlog (large)Minor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed log (large)
log (large) (dead, fallen) dead, fallen log (large) is decayed by fruitbody Rare Stereum subtomentosum Yellow Curtain Crust, Yellowing Curtain Crust Russulales: Stereaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Stereaceae/Stereum subtomentosum/Stereum subtomentosumyellow curtain crust, yellowing curtain crustfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallenlog (large)Rare fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen log (large)
log (large) (decayed, dead) decayed, dead log (large) is decayed by caespitose fruitbody Major Kuehneromyces leucolepidotus a woodtuft Agaricales: Strophariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Strophariaceae/Kuehneromyces leucolepidotus/Kuehneromyces leucolepidotusa woodtuftcaespitosefruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdecayed, deadlog (large)Major caespitose fruitbody is saprobic on decayed, dead log (large)
log (large) (decayed) decayed log (large) is decayed by fruitbody Minor Hemimycena tortuosa Dewdrop Bonnet Agaricales: Mycenaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Mycenaceae/Hemimycena tortuosa/Hemimycena tortuosadewdrop bonnetfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdecayedlog (large)Minor fruitbody is saprobic on decayed log (large)
log (large) (fallen, dead) fallen, dead log (large) is decayed by fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Diplomitoporus lindbladii a polypore fungus Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Diplomitoporus lindbladii/Diplomitoporus lindbladiia polypore fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches?fallen, deadlog (large) fruitbody is saprobic on fallen, dead log (large)
log (periderm) log (periderm) is decayed by superficial pseudothecium Melanomma subdispersum an ascomycete Pleosporales: Melanommataceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Melanommataceae/Melanomma subdispersum/Melanomma subdispersuman ascomycetesuperficialpseudothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheslog (periderm) (9-3)superficial pseudothecium is saprobic on log (periderm)
log (periderm) log (periderm) is decayed by effuse colony of Pseudospiropes dematiaceous anamorph Melanomma subdispersum an ascomycete Pleosporales: Melanommataceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Melanommataceae/Melanomma subdispersum/Melanomma subdispersuman ascomyceteeffusecolonyPseudospiropes dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheslog (periderm) (1-12)effuse colony of Pseudospiropes dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on log (periderm)
log log is decayed by cyphelloid basidiocarp Merismodes anomala a cyphelloid basidiomycete Agaricales: Niaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Niaceae/Merismodes anomala/Merismodes anomalaa cyphelloid basidiomycetecyphelloid basidiocarp Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheslog (8-2)cyphelloid basidiocarp is saprobic on log
log log may have epiphytic fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Antrodia xantha Yellow Porecrust Polyporales: Fomitopsidaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Fomitopsidaceae/Antrodia xantha/Antrodia xanthayellow porecrustfruitbody Plant / epiphyteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches?log fruitbody grows on log
log (dead, brown-rotten) dead, brown-rotten log is parasitised by fruitbody UK/IrelandRestricted Piptoporus betulinus Birch Polypore, Razorstrop Fungus Polyporales: Fomitopsidaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Attempts at active protection of Inonotus obliquus by inoculating birches with its mycelium, Pietka, J. & Grzywacz, A., 2006
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Fomitopsidaceae/Piptoporus betulinus/Piptoporus betulinusbirch polypore, razorstrop fungusfruitbody Foodplant / parasiteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, brown-rottenlogSole fruitbody parasitises dead, brown-rotten log
log (dead, fallen, decayed, white rotted) dead, fallen, decayed, white rotted log is decayed by fruitbody Mycoacia uda a resupinate tooth fungus Polyporales: Meruliaceae Profiles of Fungi No. 90: Mycoacia uda (Fr.) Donk, Pegler, D.N. & Legon, N.W., 1998
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Meruliaceae/Mycoacia uda/Mycoacia udaa resupinate tooth fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayed, white rottedlog fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed, white rotted log
log (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed log is decayed by fruitbody Rare Mucronella calva Swarming Spine Agaricales: Clavariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Clavariaceae/Mucronella calva/Mucronella calvaswarming spinefruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedlogRare fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed log
log (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed log is decayed by fruitbody Gymnopus brassicolens var brassicolens Cabbage Parachute Agaricales: Omphalotaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Omphalotaceae/Gymnopus brassicolens var. brassicolens/Gymnopus brassicolens var. brassicolenscabbage parachutefruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedlog fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed log
log (dead, stacked) dead, stacked log is decayed by fruitbody Major Tyromyces chioneus a bracket fungus Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Tyromyces chioneus/Tyromyces chioneusa bracket fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, stackedlogMajor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, stacked log
log (dead) dead log is decayed by stroma UK/IrelandMajor Annulohypoxylon multiforme Birch Woodwart Xylariales: Xylariaceae Hypoxylon in Britain and Ireland. 2. Hypoxylon rubiginosum and its allies, Anderson, R., 2008
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Annulohypoxylon multiforme/Annulohypoxylon multiformebirch woodwartstroma Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdeadlogMajor (10-4)stroma is saprobic on dead log
log (dead) dead log is decayed by Nodulisporium anamorph Minor Hypoxylon fuscum Hazel Woodwart Xylariales: Xylariaceae Hypoxylon in Britain and Ireland. 2. Hypoxylon rubiginosum and its allies, Anderson, R., 2008
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Hypoxylon fuscum/Hypoxylon fuscumhazel woodwartNodulisporium anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdeadlogMinor (2-5)Nodulisporium anamorph is saprobic on dead log
log (decayed) decayed log is decayed by fruitbody UK/Ireland Crepidotus applanatus var applanatus Flat Oysterling Agaricales: Inocybaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Inocybaceae/Crepidotus applanatus var. applanatus/Crepidotus applanatus var. applanatusflat oysterlingfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdecayedlog fruitbody is saprobic on decayed log
log (old, dead, decorticate) Major old, dead, decorticate log is decayed by fruitbody Foreign Xylobolus frustulatus a basidiomycete fungus Russulales: Stereaceae Contribution to chorology of Xylobolus frustulatus in Poland, Stasinska, M., 2008
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Stereaceae/Xylobolus frustulatus/Xylobolus frustulatusa basidiomycete fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeForeign /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesold, dead, decorticatelog fruitbody is saprobic on old, dead, decorticate log
log (rotten) rotten log is decayed by almost sessile apothecium Hymenoscyphus cortisedus a discomycete Helotiales: Helotiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Hymenoscyphus cortisedus/Hymenoscyphus cortisedusa discomycetealmost sessileapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottenlog (10)almost sessile apothecium is saprobic on rotten log
petiole petiole is galled by larva Massalongia rubra a gall midge Diptera: Cecidomyiidae Plant Galls, Redfern, M. & Askew, R.R., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Cecidomyiidae/Massalongia rubra/Massalongia rubraa gall midgelarva Foodplant / gall /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchespetiole (5-9)larva causes gall of petiole
petiole (decaying) decaying petiole is decayed by stalked apothecium Hymenoscyphus caudatus a discomycete Helotiales: Helotiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Hymenoscyphus caudatus/Hymenoscyphus caudatusa discomycetestalkedapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdecayingpetiole (6-12)stalked apothecium is saprobic on decaying petiole
plant (live) live plant may be infected and damaged by fruitbody UK/Ireland Armillaria borealis Northern Honey Fungus Agaricales: Physalacriaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Physalacriaceae/Armillaria borealis/Armillaria borealisnorthern honey fungusfruitbody Foodplant / pathogenUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveplant fruitbody infects and damages live plant
pollen? pollen? is grazed by adult Cryptocephalus sexpunctatus 6-spotted Pot Beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Cryptocephalus sexpunctatus/Cryptocephalus sexpunctatus6-spotted pot beetleadult Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchespollen? (5-7)adult grazes on pollen?
root? root? is decayed by fruitbody Polyporus umbellatus Umbrella Polypore Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Polyporus umbellatus/Polyporus umbellatusumbrella polyporefruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesroot? fruitbody is saprobic on root?
root root is associate of fruitbody UK/IrelandMajor Cortinarius armillatus Red Banded Webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius armillatus/Cortinarius armillatusred banded webcapfruitbody Plant / associateUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesrootMajor fruitbody is associated with root
root root is associate of fruitbody Major Hebeloma mesophaeum var mesophaeum Veiled Poisonpie Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Hebeloma mesophaeum var. mesophaeum/Hebeloma mesophaeum var. mesophaeumveiled poisonpiefruitbody Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesrootMajor fruitbody is associated with root
root root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMajor Lactarius aspideus Willow Milkcap Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Lactarius aspideus/Lactarius aspideuswillow milkcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesrootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with root
root root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMajor Lactarius citriolens a milkcap Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Lactarius citriolens/Lactarius citriolensa milkcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesrootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with root
root root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMajor Lactarius camphoratus Curry Milkcap, Curry-scented Milk-cap Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Lactarius camphoratus/Lactarius camphoratuscurry milkcap, curry-scented milk-capfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesrootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with root
root (dead, decayed) dead, decayed root is decayed by fruitbody Minor Polyporus melanopus a bracket fungus Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Polyporus melanopus/Polyporus melanopusa bracket fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedrootMinor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed root
root (dead) dead root may contain larva Prionus coriarius Tanner Beetle, Sawyer Beetle Coleoptera: Cerambycidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
Identification - Longhorn Beetles: Part 1, Duff, A. (Illust: Lewington, R.), 2006
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Cerambycidae/Prionus coriarius/Prionus coriariustanner beetle, sawyer beetlelarva Foodplant / internal feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadroot larva feeds within dead root
root (dead) dead root is decayed by superficial stroma Minor Kretzschmaria deusta Brittle Cinder Xylariales: Xylariaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Kretzschmaria deusta/Kretzschmaria deustabrittle cindersuperficialstroma Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdeadrootMinor superficial stroma is saprobic on dead root
root (dead) dead root is decayed by fruitbody UK/IrelandMinor Armillaria tabescens Ringless Honey Fungus Agaricales: Physalacriaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Physalacriaceae/Armillaria tabescens/Armillaria tabescensringless honey fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdeadrootMinor fruitbody is saprobic on dead root
root (exposed) exposed root of fallen is foodplant of larva Pachytodes cerambyciformis Speckled Longhorn Beetle Coleoptera: Cerambycidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
Identification - Longhorn Beetles: Part 1, Duff, A. (Illust: Lewington, R.), 2006
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Cerambycidae/Pachytodes cerambyciformis/Pachytodes cerambyciformisspeckled longhorn beetlelarva Foodplant / feeds on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesexposedrootfallen larva feeds on exposed root of fallen
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableMajor Amanita citrina False Deathcap Agaricales: Amanitaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Amanitaceae/Amanita citrina/Amanita citrinafalse deathcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableMajor Amanita crocea Orange Grisette Agaricales: Amanitaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Amanitaceae/Amanita crocea/Amanita croceaorange grisettefruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableMajor Amanita echinocephala Solitary Amanita Agaricales: Amanitaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Amanitaceae/Amanita echinocephala/Amanita echinocephalasolitary amanitafruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Amanita excelsa var spissa Grey Spotted Amanita Agaricales: Amanitaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Amanitaceae/Amanita excelsa var. spissa/Amanita excelsa var. spissagrey spotted amanitafruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableMajor Amanita fulva Tawny Grisette Agaricales: Amanitaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Amanitaceae/Amanita fulva/Amanita fulvatawny grisettefruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableMajor Amanita gemmata Jewelled Amanita Agaricales: Amanitaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Amanitaceae/Amanita gemmata/Amanita gemmatajewelled amanitafruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableMajor Amanita lividopallescens Pale Grisette Agaricales: Amanitaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Amanitaceae/Amanita lividopallescens/Amanita lividopallescenspale grisettefruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableMajor Amanita muscaria var formosa a fly agaric Agaricales: Amanitaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Amanitaceae/Amanita muscaria var. formosa/Amanita muscaria var. formosaa fly agaricfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableMajor Amanita muscaria var muscaria Fly Agaric Agaricales: Amanitaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Amanitaceae/Amanita muscaria var. muscaria/Amanita muscaria var. muscariafly agaricfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Amanita olivaceogrisea a toadstool Agaricales: Amanitaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Amanitaceae/Amanita olivaceogrisea/Amanita olivaceogriseaa toadstoolfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableMajor Amanita rubescens var annulosulphurea a blusher Agaricales: Amanitaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Amanitaceae/Amanita rubescens var. annulosulphurea/Amanita rubescens var. annulosulphureaa blusherfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableMajor Amanita rubescens var rubescens Blusher Agaricales: Amanitaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Amanitaceae/Amanita rubescens var. rubescens/Amanita rubescens var. rubescensblusherfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Amanita spadicea a toadstool Agaricales: Amanitaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Amanitaceae/Amanita spadicea/Amanita spadiceaa toadstoolfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Amanita strobiliformis Warted Amanita Agaricales: Amanitaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Amanitaceae/Amanita strobiliformis/Amanita strobiliformiswarted amanitafruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Amanita vaginata Grisette Agaricales: Amanitaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Amanitaceae/Amanita vaginata/Amanita vaginatagrisettefruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Amanita virosa Destroying Angel Agaricales: Amanitaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Amanitaceae/Amanita virosa/Amanita virosadestroying angelfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableMajor Cortinarius cinnamomeoluteus a toadstool Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius cinnamomeoluteus/Cortinarius cinnamomeoluteusa toadstoolfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableMajor Cortinarius cinnamomeus Cinnamon Webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius cinnamomeus/Cortinarius cinnamomeuscinnamon webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius croceus Saffron Webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius croceus/Cortinarius croceussaffron webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius orellanus Fool’s Webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius orellanus/Cortinarius orellanusfool's webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius decipiens var decipiens Sepia Webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius decipiens var. decipiens/Cortinarius decipiens var. decipienssepia webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius alboviolaceus Pearly Webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius alboviolaceus/Cortinarius alboviolaceuspearly webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandRestricted Cortinarius betulinus a toadstool Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Cortinarius subgenus Myxacium, Kibby, G., Burnham, A. & Henrici, A., 2009
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius betulinus/Cortinarius betulinusa toadstoolfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootSole fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius delibutus Yellow Webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius delibutus/Cortinarius delibutusyellow webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableRestricted Cortinarius emunctus a toadstool Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius emunctus/Cortinarius emunctusa toadstoolfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootSole fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius fulvosquamosus a toadstool Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius fulvosquamosus/Cortinarius fulvosquamosusa toadstoolfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableMinor Cortinarius galeobdolon a toadstool Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius galeobdolon/Cortinarius galeobdolona toadstoolfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMinor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableRestricted Cortinarius illibatus a toadstool Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius illibatus/Cortinarius illibatusa toadstoolfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootSole fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of mycelium Minor Cortinarius integerrimus a webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Cortinarius subgenus Myxacium, Kibby, G., Burnham, A. & Henrici, A., 2009
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius integerrimus/Cortinarius integerrimusa webcapmycelium Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMinor mycelium is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius stillatitius Purple Stocking Webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius stillatitius/Cortinarius stillatitiuspurple stocking webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableMinor Cortinarius trivialis Girdled Webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius trivialis/Cortinarius trivialisgirdled webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMinor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableRestricted Cortinarius claricolor a toadstool Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius claricolor/Cortinarius claricolora toadstoolfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootSole fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius infractus Bitter Webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius infractus/Cortinarius infractusbitter webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius largus Big-bellied Webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius largus/Cortinarius largusbig-bellied webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius magicus a toadstool Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius magicus/Cortinarius magicusa toadstoolfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius porphyropus a webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Fungal Portraits No. 61: Cortinarius collocandoides, Kibby, G., 2015
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius porphyropus/Cortinarius porphyropusa webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius triumphans Birch Webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius triumphans/Cortinarius triumphansbirch webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius xanthophyllus a toadstool Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius xanthophyllus/Cortinarius xanthophyllusa toadstoolfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableRestricted Cortinarius cyanites Blushing Webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius cyanites/Cortinarius cyanitesblushing webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootSole fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableMajor Cortinarius violaceus Violet Webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius violaceus/Cortinarius violaceusviolet webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius flexipes var flabellus Pelargonium Webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius flexipes var. flabellus/Cortinarius flexipes var. flabelluspelargonium webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius hemitrichus Frosty Webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius hemitrichus/Cortinarius hemitrichusfrosty webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableMajor Cortinarius raphanoides a toadstool Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius raphanoides/Cortinarius raphanoidesa toadstoolfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius subbalaustinus a toadstool Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius subbalaustinus/Cortinarius subbalaustinusa toadstoolfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableMajor Cortinarius umbrinolens a toadstool Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius umbrinolens/Cortinarius umbrinolensa toadstoolfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius argenteopileatus a webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius argenteopileatus/Cortinarius argenteopileatusa webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius aureomarginatus a webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius aureomarginatus/Cortinarius aureomarginatusa webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius balaustinus a webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius balaustinus/Cortinarius balaustinusa webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableRestricted Cortinarius balteatocumatilis a webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius balteatocumatilis/Cortinarius balteatocumatilisa webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootSole fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius bivelus a webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius bivelus/Cortinarius bivelusa webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius brunneus var glandicolor a webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius brunneus var. glandicolor/Cortinarius brunneus var. glandicolora webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius crassus Stout Webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius crassus/Cortinarius crassusstout webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableRestricted Cortinarius cumatilis Wavy Webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius cumatilis/Cortinarius cumatiliswavy webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootSole fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableRestricted Cortinarius cyanopus a webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius cyanopus/Cortinarius cyanopusa webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootSole fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius damascenus a webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius damascenus/Cortinarius damascenusa webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius disjungendus a webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius disjungendus/Cortinarius disjungendusa webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius evernius Silky Webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius evernius/Cortinarius everniussilky webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius patibilis var scoticus a webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius patibilis var. scoticus/Cortinarius patibilis var. scoticusa webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius pearsonii a webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius pearsonii/Cortinarius pearsoniia webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius phaeophyllus a webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius phaeophyllus/Cortinarius phaeophyllusa webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius pholideus Scaly Webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius pholideus/Cortinarius pholideusscaly webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableMinor Cortinarius purpureus Imperial Webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius purpureus/Cortinarius purpureusimperial webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMinor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableRestricted Cortinarius saginus Cloaked Webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius saginus/Cortinarius saginuscloaked webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootSole fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius saniosus a webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius saniosus/Cortinarius saniosusa webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius simulatus a webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius simulatus/Cortinarius simulatusa webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius spilomeus Freckled Webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius spilomeus/Cortinarius spilomeusfreckled webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius subtortus Incense Webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius subtortus/Cortinarius subtortusincense webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius tabularis a webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius tabularis/Cortinarius tabularisa webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius talus Honey Webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius talus/Cortinarius talushoney webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius torvus Stocking Webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius torvus/Cortinarius torvusstocking webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius traganus Gassy Webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius traganus/Cortinarius traganusgassy webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Cortinarius valgus a webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius valgus/Cortinarius valgusa webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableRestricted Cortinarius variegatus a webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius variegatus/Cortinarius variegatusa webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootSole fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableRestricted Cortinarius venustus a webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius venustus/Cortinarius venustusa webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootSole fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody Questionable Laccaria amethystina Amethyst Deceiver Agaricales: Hydnangiaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Hydnangiaceae/Laccaria amethystina/Laccaria amethystinaamethyst deceiverfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody Major Laccaria laccata Deceiver Agaricales: Hydnangiaceae Fairy rings; free and tethered, Gregory, P.H., 1982
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Hydnangiaceae/Laccaria laccata/Laccaria laccatadeceiverfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMajor Laccaria proxima Scurfy Deceiver Agaricales: Hydnangiaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Hydnangiaceae/Laccaria proxima/Laccaria proximascurfy deceiverfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody Questionable Laccaria purpureobadia a toadstool Agaricales: Hydnangiaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Hydnangiaceae/Laccaria purpureobadia/Laccaria purpureobadiaa toadstoolfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMinor Hygrophorus discoxanthus Yellowing Woodwax Agaricales: Hygrophoraceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Hygrophoraceae/Hygrophorus discoxanthus/Hygrophorus discoxanthusyellowing woodwaxfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMinor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Hygrophorus hedrychii Sweet Woodwax Agaricales: Hygrophoraceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Hygrophoraceae/Hygrophorus hedrychii/Hygrophorus hedrychiisweet woodwaxfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMinor Hygrophorus hypothejus Herald Of Winter Agaricales: Hygrophoraceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Hygrophoraceae/Hygrophorus hypothejus/Hygrophorus hypothejusherald of winterfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMinor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody Questionable Inocybe calospora a toadstool Agaricales: Inocybaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Inocybaceae/Inocybe calospora/Inocybe calosporaa toadstoolfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody Questionable Inocybe proximella a toadstool Agaricales: Inocybaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Inocybaceae/Inocybe proximella/Inocybe proximellaa toadstoolfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody Questionable Inocybe salicis a toadstool Agaricales: Inocybaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Inocybaceae/Inocybe salicis/Inocybe salicisa toadstoolfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMajor Inocybe xanthomelas a toadstool Agaricales: Inocybaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Inocybaceae/Inocybe xanthomelas/Inocybe xanthomelasa toadstoolfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody Questionable Inocybe adaequata a toadstool Agaricales: Inocybaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Inocybaceae/Inocybe adaequata/Inocybe adaequataa toadstoolfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody Questionable Inocybe bongardii Fruity Fibrecap Agaricales: Inocybaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Inocybaceae/Inocybe bongardii/Inocybe bongardiifruity fibrecapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody Questionable Inocybe dulcamara a toadstool Agaricales: Inocybaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Inocybaceae/Inocybe dulcamara/Inocybe dulcamaraa toadstoolfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMajor Inocybe erubescens Deadly Fibrecap, Red-staining Inocybe Agaricales: Inocybaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Inocybaceae/Inocybe erubescens/Inocybe erubescensdeadly fibrecap, red-staining inocybefruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor (6-summer)fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMinor Inocybe fraudans Pear Fibrecap Agaricales: Inocybaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Inocybaceae/Inocybe fraudans/Inocybe fraudanspear fibrecapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMinor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody Questionable Inocybe squamata a toadstool Agaricales: Inocybaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Inocybaceae/Inocybe squamata/Inocybe squamataa toadstoolfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root may be infected and damaged by fruitbody Gymnopus fusipes Spindle Toughshank, Spindle Shank Agaricales: Omphalotaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Omphalotaceae/Gymnopus fusipes/Gymnopus fusipesspindle toughshank, spindle shankfruitbody Foodplant / pathogen /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody infects and damages live root
root (live) live root may be infected and damaged by fruitbody UK/IrelandMinor Armillaria tabescens Ringless Honey Fungus Agaricales: Physalacriaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Physalacriaceae/Armillaria tabescens/Armillaria tabescensringless honey fungusfruitbody Foodplant / pathogenUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMinor fruitbody infects and damages live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMajor Tricholoma album White Knight Agaricales: Tricholomataceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Tricholomataceae/Tricholoma album/Tricholoma albumwhite knightfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody Questionable Tricholoma equestre Yellow Knight Agaricales: Tricholomataceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Tricholomataceae/Tricholoma equestre/Tricholoma equestreyellow knightfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableMajor Tricholoma fulvum Birch Knight Agaricales: Tricholomataceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Tricholomataceae/Tricholoma fulvum/Tricholoma fulvumbirch knightfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMajor Tricholoma inocybeoides a knight Agaricales: Tricholomataceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Tricholomataceae/Tricholoma inocybeoides/Tricholoma inocybeoidesa knightfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMinor Tricholoma scalpturatum Yellowing Knight Agaricales: Tricholomataceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Tricholomataceae/Tricholoma scalpturatum/Tricholoma scalpturatumyellowing knightfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMinor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMajor Tricholoma sejunctum Deceiving Knight Agaricales: Tricholomataceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Tricholomataceae/Tricholoma sejunctum/Tricholoma sejunctumdeceiving knightfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody Questionable Tricholoma stiparophyllum Chemical Knight Agaricales: Tricholomataceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Tricholomataceae/Tricholoma stiparophyllum/Tricholoma stiparophyllumchemical knightfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableMinor Boletus appendiculatus Oak Bolete Boletales: Boletaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Boletaceae/Boletus appendiculatus/Boletus appendiculatusoak boletefruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMinor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody Boletus calopus Bitter Beech Bolete Boletales: Boletaceae Boletes and their allies, Watling, R., Hills, A.E, & Turnbull, E., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Boletaceae/Boletus calopus/Boletus calopusbitter beech boletefruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandRestricted Boletus edulis Penny Bun, Cep Boletales: Boletaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Boletes and their allies, Watling, R., Hills, A.E, & Turnbull, E., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Boletaceae/Boletus edulis/Boletus edulispenny bun, cepfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootSole fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandMajor Boletus ferrugineus Rusty Bolete Boletales: Boletaceae The Genus Xerocomus - A personal view with a key to the British species, Hills, A.E., 2008
Boletes and their allies, Watling, R., Hills, A.E, & Turnbull, E., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Boletaceae/Boletus ferrugineus/Boletus ferrugineusrusty boletefruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Boletus luridiformis var luridiformis Scarletina Bolete Boletales: Boletaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Boletaceae/Boletus luridiformis var. luridiformis/Boletus luridiformis var. luridiformisscarletina boletefruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody Boletus luridus Lurid Bolete Boletales: Boletaceae Boletes and their allies, Watling, R., Hills, A.E, & Turnbull, E., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Boletaceae/Boletus luridus/Boletus luriduslurid boletefruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Boletus luridus var luridus Lurid Bolete Boletales: Boletaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Boletaceae/Boletus luridus var. luridus/Boletus luridus var. luriduslurid boletefruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableMinor Boletus pulverulentus Inkstain Bolete Boletales: Boletaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Boletaceae/Boletus pulverulentus/Boletus pulverulentusinkstain boletefruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMinor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody Boletus queletii Deceiving Bolete Boletales: Boletaceae Boletes and their allies, Watling, R., Hills, A.E, & Turnbull, E., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Boletaceae/Boletus queletii/Boletus queletiideceiving boletefruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/Ireland Boletus radicans Rooting Bolete Boletales: Boletaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Boletes and their allies, Watling, R., Hills, A.E, & Turnbull, E., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Boletaceae/Boletus radicans/Boletus radicansrooting boletefruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableRare Leccinum aurantiacum Orange Oak Bolete, Orange Bolete Boletales: Boletaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Boletaceae/Leccinum aurantiacum/Leccinum aurantiacumorange oak bolete, orange boletefruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootRare fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMajor Leccinum chioneum a bolete Boletales: Boletaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Boletaceae/Leccinum chioneum/Leccinum chioneuma boletefruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandMajor Leccinum holopus Ghost Bolete Boletales: Boletaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
Boletes and their allies, Watling, R., Hills, A.E, & Turnbull, E., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Boletaceae/Leccinum holopus/Leccinum holopusghost boletefruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody Restricted Leccinum scabrum Brown Birch Bolete Boletales: Boletaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Boletes and their allies, Watling, R., Hills, A.E, & Turnbull, E., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Boletaceae/Leccinum scabrum/Leccinum scabrumbrown birch boletefruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootSole fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody Restricted Leccinum scabrum Brown Birch Bolete Boletales: Boletaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Boletes and their allies, Watling, R., Hills, A.E, & Turnbull, E., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Boletaceae/Leccinum scabrum/Leccinum scabrumbrown birch boletefruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootSole fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandRestricted Leccinum scabrum Brown Birch Bolete Boletales: Boletaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
Boletes and their allies, Watling, R., Hills, A.E, & Turnbull, E., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Boletaceae/Leccinum scabrum/Leccinum scabrumbrown birch boletefruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootSole fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody Restricted Leccinum schistophilum Bog Bolete Boletales: Boletaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Boletes and their allies, Watling, R., Hills, A.E, & Turnbull, E., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Boletaceae/Leccinum schistophilum/Leccinum schistophilumbog boletefruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootSole fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody Restricted Leccinum variicolor Mottled Bolete Boletales: Boletaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Boletes and their allies, Watling, R., Hills, A.E, & Turnbull, E., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Boletaceae/Leccinum variicolor/Leccinum variicolormottled boletefruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootSole fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody Major Leccinum versipelle Orange Birch Bolete Boletales: Boletaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Boletes and their allies, Watling, R., Hills, A.E, & Turnbull, E., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Boletaceae/Leccinum versipelle/Leccinum versipelleorange birch boletefruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/Ireland Leccinum versipelle Orange Birch Bolete Boletales: Boletaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
Boletes and their allies, Watling, R., Hills, A.E, & Turnbull, E., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Boletaceae/Leccinum versipelle/Leccinum versipelleorange birch boletefruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandRestricted Leccinum versipelle Orange Birch Bolete Boletales: Boletaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
Boletes and their allies, Watling, R., Hills, A.E, & Turnbull, E., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Boletaceae/Leccinum versipelle/Leccinum versipelleorange birch boletefruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootSole fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/Ireland Phylloporus pelletieri Golden-gilled Bolete Boletales: Boletaceae The Genus Xerocomus - A personal view with a key to the British species, Hills, A.E., 2008
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Boletaceae/Phylloporus pelletieri/Phylloporus pelletierigolden-gilled boletefruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody Xerocomus communis a bolete Boletales: Boletaceae Boletes and their allies, Watling, R., Hills, A.E, & Turnbull, E., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Boletaceae/Xerocomus communis/Xerocomus communisa boletefruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody Xerocomus fennicus Boletales: Boletaceae The Genus Xerocomus - A personal view with a key to the British species, Hills, A.E., 2008
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Boletaceae/Xerocomus fennicus/Xerocomus fennicusfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandMajor Gyroporus cyanescens Cornflower Bolete Boletales: Gyroporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
Boletes and their allies, Watling, R., Hills, A.E, & Turnbull, E., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Gyroporaceae/Gyroporus cyanescens/Gyroporus cyanescenscornflower boletefruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody Major Paxillus involutus Brown Rollrim, Poison Pax, "The Silent Killer" Boletales: Paxillaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Boletes and their allies, Watling, R., Hills, A.E, & Turnbull, E., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Paxillaceae/Paxillus involutus/Paxillus involutusbrown rollrim, poison pax, "the silent killer"fruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMinor Scleroderma cepa Onion Earthball Boletales: Sclerodermataceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Sclerodermataceae/Scleroderma cepa/Scleroderma cepaonion earthballfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMinor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody Questionable Scleroderma citrinum Common Earthball Boletales: Sclerodermataceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Sclerodermataceae/Scleroderma citrinum/Scleroderma citrinumcommon earthballfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot (late Summer +)fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is mycorrhizal host of fruitbody Minor Coltricia perennis Tiger’s Eye Hymenochaetales: Hymenochaetaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Hymenochaetales/Hymenochaetaceae/Coltricia perennis/Coltricia perennistiger's eyefruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMinor fruitbody is mycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root may be infected and damaged by fruitbody UK/IrelandRare Phaeolus schweinitzii Dyer’s Bracket, Dyer’s Mazegill Polyporales: Fomitopsidaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Unusual hosts for some common British fungi, Reid, D.A., 1978
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Fomitopsidaceae/Phaeolus schweinitzii/Phaeolus schweinitziidyer's bracket, dyer's mazegillfruitbody Foodplant / pathogenUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootRare fruitbody infects and damages live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Lactarius vellereus var hometii a fleecy milkcap Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Lactarius vellereus var. hometii/Lactarius vellereus var. hometiia fleecy milkcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMajor Lactarius vellereus var vellereus Fleecy Milkcap Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Lactarius vellereus var. vellereus/Lactarius vellereus var. vellereusfleecy milkcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Lactarius glaucescens a milkcap Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Lactarius glaucescens/Lactarius glaucescensa milkcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMajor Lactarius volemus Fishy Milkcap Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Lactarius volemus/Lactarius volemusfishy milkcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Lactarius flexuosus var flexuosus Stumpy Milkcap Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Lactarius flexuosus var. flexuosus/Lactarius flexuosus var. flexuosusstumpy milkcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody Questionable Lactarius flexuosus var roseozonatus a milkcap Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Lactarius flexuosus var. roseozonatus/Lactarius flexuosus var. roseozonatusa milkcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableRestricted Lactarius glyciosmus Coconut Milkcap, Coconut-scented Milk-cap Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Lactarius glyciosmus/Lactarius glyciosmuscoconut milkcap, coconut-scented milk-capfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootSole fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMinor Lactarius helvus Fenugreek Milkcap Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Lactarius helvus/Lactarius helvusfenugreek milkcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMinor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody Questionable Lactarius hyphoinflatus a milkcap Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Lactarius hyphoinflatus/Lactarius hyphoinflatusa milkcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMinor Lactarius hysginus Dyed Milkcap Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Lactarius hysginus/Lactarius hysginusdyed milkcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMinor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Lactarius luridus Lurid Milkcap Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Lactarius luridus/Lactarius luriduslurid milkcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody Questionable Lactarius pallidus Pale Milkcap Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Lactarius pallidus/Lactarius palliduspale milkcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableRestricted Lactarius pubescens Bearded Milkcap Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Lactarius pubescens/Lactarius pubescensbearded milkcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootSole fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Lactarius repraesentaneus Yellow Milkcap, Yellow Bearded Milkcap Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Lactarius repraesentaneus/Lactarius repraesentaneusyellow milkcap, yellow bearded milkcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableRestricted Lactarius resimus Rollrim Milkcap Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Lactarius resimus/Lactarius resimusrollrim milkcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootSole fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody Questionable Lactarius rufus Rufous Milkcap Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Lactarius rufus/Lactarius rufusrufous milkcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableRestricted Lactarius scoticus Hoary Milkcap Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Lactarius scoticus/Lactarius scoticushoary milkcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootSole fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableMajor Lactarius spinosulus Lilacscale Milkcap Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Lactarius spinosulus/Lactarius spinosuluslilacscale milkcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableRestricted Lactarius torminosus Woolly Milkcap Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Lactarius torminosus/Lactarius torminosuswoolly milkcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootSole fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableQuestionable Lactarius trivialis Tacked Milkcap Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Lactarius trivialis/Lactarius trivialistacked milkcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches?liveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableMajor Lactarius turpis Ugly Milkcap Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Lactarius turpis/Lactarius turpisugly milkcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableMajor Lactarius uvidus Shiner Milkcap Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Lactarius uvidus/Lactarius uvidusshiner milkcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableMajor Lactarius vietus Grey Milkcap Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Lactarius vietus/Lactarius vietusgrey milkcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMajor Lactarius violascens Violet Milkcap Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Lactarius violascens/Lactarius violascensviolet milkcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody Questionable Lactarius lacunarum a milkcap Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Lactarius lacunarum/Lactarius lacunaruma milkcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody Questionable Lactarius subdulcis Mild Milkcap Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Lactarius subdulcis/Lactarius subdulcismild milkcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMajor Lactarius tabidus Birch Milkcap Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Lactarius tabidus/Lactarius tabidusbirch milkcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableMajor Russula aeruginea Green Brittlegill Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula aeruginea/Russula aerugineagreen brittlegillfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMajor Russula amethystina Amethyst Brittlegill Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula amethystina/Russula amethystinaamethyst brittlegillfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMinor Russula anthracina Coal Brittlegill Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula anthracina/Russula anthracinacoal brittlegillfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMinor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMajor Russula aquosa Red Swamp Brittlegill Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula aquosa/Russula aquosared swamp brittlegillfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMinor Russula atropurpurea Purple Brittlegill, Blackish-purple Russula Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula atropurpurea/Russula atropurpureapurple brittlegill, blackish-purple russulafruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMinor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Russula aurantiaca Orange Brittlegill Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula aurantiaca/Russula aurantiacaorange brittlegillfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMajor Russula aurora Dawn Brittlegill Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula aurora/Russula auroradawn brittlegillfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableRestricted Russula betularum Birch Brittlegill Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula betularum/Russula betularumbirch brittlegillfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootSole fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableRestricted Russula claroflava Yellow Swamp Brittlegill, Yellow Swamp Russula Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula claroflava/Russula claroflavayellow swamp brittlegill, yellow swamp russulafruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootSole fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMinor Russula cyanoxantha Charcoal Burner Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula cyanoxantha/Russula cyanoxanthacharcoal burnerfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMinor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMinor Russula densifolia Crowded Brittlegill Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula densifolia/Russula densifoliacrowded brittlegillfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMinor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableMajor Russula exalbicans Bleached Brittlegill Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula exalbicans/Russula exalbicansbleached brittlegillfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMajor Russula farinipes a brittlegill Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula farinipes/Russula farinipesa brittlegillfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMinor Russula foetens Stinking Brittlegill, Foetid Russula Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula foetens/Russula foetensstinking brittlegill, foetid russulafruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMinor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMinor Russula grata Bitter Almond Brittlegill Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula grata/Russula gratabitter almond brittlegillfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMinor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMajor Russula fragilis var fragilis Fragile Brittlegill, Fragile Russula Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula fragilis var. fragilis/Russula fragilis var. fragilisfragile brittlegill, fragile russulafruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableMajor Russula gracillima Slender Brittlegill Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula gracillima/Russula gracillimaslender brittlegillfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableQuestionable Russula helodes a brittlegill Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula helodes/Russula helodesa brittlegillfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches?liveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMajor Russula heterophylla Greasy Green Brittlegill Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula heterophylla/Russula heterophyllagreasy green brittlegillfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody Questionable Russula integra a brittlegill Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula integra/Russula integraa brittlegillfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableRestricted Russula intermedia Intermediate Brittlegill Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula intermedia/Russula intermediaintermediate brittlegillfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootSole fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMajor Russula luteotacta a brittlegill Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula luteotacta/Russula luteotactaa brittlegillfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableMajor Russula nitida Purple Swamp Brittlegill Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula nitida/Russula nitidapurple swamp brittlegillfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMinor Russula odorata a brittlegill Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula odorata/Russula odorataa brittlegillfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMinor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMinor Russula parazurea Powdery Brittlegill Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula parazurea/Russula parazureapowdery brittlegillfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMinor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMinor Russula praetervisa a brittlegill Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula praetervisa/Russula praetervisaa brittlegillfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMinor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMinor Russula raoultii Pallid Brittlegill Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula raoultii/Russula raoultiipallid brittlegillfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMinor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableRestricted Russula renidens a brittlegill Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula renidens/Russula renidensa brittlegillfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootSole fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMajor Russula risigallina Golden Brittlegill Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula risigallina/Russula risigallinagolden brittlegillfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Russula rivulicola a brittlegill Russulales: Russulaceae Three agarics new to Britain, Kibby, G., 2011
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula rivulicola/Russula rivulicolaa brittlegillfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMajor Russula romellii a brittlegill Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula romellii/Russula romelliia brittlegillfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMajor Russula sanguinaria Bloody Brittlegill Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula sanguinaria/Russula sanguinariabloody brittlegillfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableRestricted Russula scotica Scottish Brittlegill Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula scotica/Russula scoticascottish brittlegillfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootSole fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableMajor Russula sphagnophila a brittlegill Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula sphagnophila/Russula sphagnophilaa brittlegillfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMajor Russula velenovskyi Coral Brittlegill Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula velenovskyi/Russula velenovskyicoral brittlegillfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionableMajor Russula versicolor Variable Brittlegill Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula versicolor/Russula versicolorvariable brittlegillfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMinor Russula vesca The Flirt, Bare-toothed Russula, Bared Teeth Brittlegill Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula vesca/Russula vescathe flirt, bare-toothed russula, bared teeth brittlegillfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMinor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMinor Russula violeipes Velvet Brittlegill Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula violeipes/Russula violeipesvelvet brittlegillfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMinor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Russula xenochlora Misfit Brittlegill Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula xenochlora/Russula xenochloramisfit brittlegillfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertainUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMinor Russula clavipes a russula Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula clavipes/Russula clavipesa russulafruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMinor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMinor Hydnellum spongiosipes Velvet Tooth Thelephorales: Bankeraceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Thelephorales/Bankeraceae/Hydnellum spongiosipes/Hydnellum spongiosipesvelvet toothfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesliverootMinor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody Questionable Phellodon melaleucus Grey Tooth Thelephorales: Bankeraceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Thelephorales/Bankeraceae/Phellodon melaleucus/Phellodon melaleucusgrey toothfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (moribund) moribund root may contain larva Prionus coriarius Tanner Beetle, Sawyer Beetle Coleoptera: Cerambycidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
Identification - Longhorn Beetles: Part 1, Duff, A. (Illust: Lewington, R.), 2006
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Cerambycidae/Prionus coriarius/Prionus coriariustanner beetle, sawyer beetlelarva Foodplant / internal feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesmoribundroot larva feeds within moribund root
root (wet, decaying) wet, decaying root is decayed by larva Criorhina berberina a hoverfly Diptera: Syrphidae Colour Guide to Hoverfly Larvae (Diptera, Syrphidae) in Britain and Europe, Rotheray, G.E., 1993
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Syrphidae/Criorhina berberina/Criorhina berberinaa hoverflylarva Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheswet, decayingroot larva is saprobic on wet, decaying root
rot hole rot hole may house puparium Phaonia laeta a muscid fly Diptera: Muscidae Diptera: Cyclorrapha Calyptrata Sect (b) Muscidae, Fonseca, E.C.M. d’Assis, 1968
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Muscidae/Phaonia laeta/Phaonia laetaa muscid flypuparium Plant / resting place / within /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrot hole puparium may be found in rot hole
sap (exuding) exuding sap may house larva Phaonia pratensis a muscid fly Diptera: Muscidae Diptera: Cyclorrapha Calyptrata Sect (b) Muscidae, Fonseca, E.C.M. d’Assis, 1968
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Muscidae/Phaonia pratensis/Phaonia pratensisa muscid flylarva Plant / resting place / within /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesexudingsap larva may be found in exuding sap
seed (dead) dead seed is decayed by grouped, superficial pseudothecium Tubeufia cerea an ascomycete Pleosporales: Tubeufiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Tubeufiaceae/Tubeufia cerea/Tubeufia cereaan ascomycetegrouped, superficialpseudothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadseed (4-10)grouped, superficial pseudothecium is saprobic on dead seed
seed (dead) dead seed is decayed by colony of Helicosporium dematiaceous anamorph Tubeufia cerea an ascomycete Pleosporales: Tubeufiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Tubeufiaceae/Tubeufia cerea/Tubeufia cereaan ascomycetecolonyHelicosporium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadseed (4-10)colony of Helicosporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead seed
seed (stromatised, fallen (esp. on wet Sphagnum)) stromatised, fallen (esp. on wet Sphagnum) seed is decayed by stalked apothecium Ciboria betulae a discomycete Helotiales: Sclerotiniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Sclerotiniaceae/Ciboria betulae/Ciboria betulaea discomycetestalkedapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesstromatised, fallen (esp. on wet Sphagnum)seed (4-5)stalked apothecium is saprobic on stromatised, fallen (esp. on wet Sphagnum) seed
shoot (short, erect, on witch’s broom) short, erect, on witch’s broom shoot is galled by Taphrina betulina Birch Besom Taphrinales: Taphrinaceae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Taphrinomycetes/Taphrinales/Taphrinaceae/Taphrina betulina/Taphrina betulinabirch besom Foodplant / gall /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesshort, erect, on witch’s broomshoot causes gall of short, erect, on witch’s broom shoot
stem stem may house ovum Restricted Nematinus acuminatus a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Nematinus acuminatus/Nematinus acuminatusa sawflyovum Plant / resting place / within /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesstemSole ovum may be found in stem
stem stem may house ovum Restricted Nematinus caledonicus a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Nematinus caledonicus/Nematinus caledonicusa sawflyovum Plant / resting place / within /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesstemSole ovum may be found in stem
stem (live) live stem has sap sucked by UK/IrelandMajor Pulvinaria vitis Woolly Currant Scale, Woolly Vine Scale, Woolly Vine Scale Insect Hemiptera: Coccidae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
Changes in status and distribution of Hydrangea Scale, Pulvinaria hydrangeae (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) in Britain, Salisbury, A. & Malumphy, C., 2017
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Coccidae/Pulvinaria vitis/Pulvinaria vitiswoolly currant scale, woolly vine scale, woolly vine scale insect Foodplant / sap suckerUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabircheslivestemMajor (5-6)sucks sap of live stem
stick (thin) (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed stick (thin) is decayed by fruitbody Minor Stereum rameale a curtain crust Russulales: Stereaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Stereaceae/Stereum rameale/Stereum ramealea curtain crustfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedstick (thin)Minor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed stick (thin)
stick (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed stick is decayed by fruitbody Minor Postia subcaesia Blueing Bracket Polyporales: Fomitopsidaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Fomitopsidaceae/Postia subcaesia/Postia subcaesiablueing bracketfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedstickMinor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed stick
stick (dead, still attached to fallen tree) dead, still attached to fallen tree stick is decayed by fruitbody Major Lentinus brumalis Winter Polypore Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Lentinus brumalis/Lentinus brumaliswinter polyporefruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, still attached to fallen treestickMajor (early winter-early spring)fruitbody is saprobic on dead, still attached to fallen tree stick
stick (decayed) decayed stick is decayed by fruitbody Minor Hemimycena tortuosa Dewdrop Bonnet Agaricales: Mycenaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Mycenaceae/Hemimycena tortuosa/Hemimycena tortuosadewdrop bonnetfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdecayedstickMinor fruitbody is saprobic on decayed stick
stump (cambium and outer sapwood) (rotting) rotting stump (cambium and outer sapwood) may contain larva Rhagium mordax Oak Longhorn, Black-spotted Longhorn Beetle Coleoptera: Cerambycidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
Identification - Longhorn Beetles: Part 1, Duff, A. (Illust: Lewington, R.), 2006
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Cerambycidae/Rhagium (Megarhagium) mordax/Rhagium (Megarhagium) mordaxoak longhorn, black-spotted longhorn beetlelarva Foodplant / internal feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottingstump (cambium and outer sapwood) larva feeds within rotting stump (cambium and outer sapwood)
stump (large) (dead, decayed) dead, decayed stump (large) is decayed by fruitbody Rare Pluteus petasatus Scaly Shield Agaricales: Pluteaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Pluteaceae/Pluteus petasatus/Pluteus petasatusscaly shieldfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedstump (large)Rare fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed stump (large)
stump (large) (dead, decayed) dead, decayed stump (large) is decayed by clumped fruitbody Psathyrella cotonea Yellowfoot Brittlestem Agaricales: Psathyrellaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Psathyrellaceae/Psathyrella cotonea/Psathyrella cotoneayellowfoot brittlestemclumpedfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedstump (large) clumped fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed stump (large)
stump (large) (dead, decayed) dead, decayed stump (large) is decayed by caespitose fruitbody Rare Psathyrella piluliformis Common Stump Brittlestem Agaricales: Psathyrellaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Psathyrellaceae/Psathyrella piluliformis/Psathyrella piluliformiscommon stump brittlestemcaespitosefruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedstump (large)Rare caespitose fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed stump (large)
stump (large) (dead, decayed) dead, decayed stump (large) is decayed by fruitbody Major Panus conchatus Lilac Oysterling Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Panus conchatus/Panus conchatuslilac oysterlingfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedstump (large)Major fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed stump (large)
stump (large) (dead, decayed) dead, decayed stump (large) is decayed by fruitbody Minor Polyporus leptocephalus Blackfoot Polypore Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Polyporus leptocephalus/Polyporus leptocephalusblackfoot polyporefruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedstump (large)Minor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed stump (large)
stump (large) (dead, decayed) dead, decayed stump (large) is decayed by fruitbody Minor Trametes gibbosa Lumpy Bracket Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Trametes gibbosa/Trametes gibbosalumpy bracketfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedstump (large)Minor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed stump (large)
stump (large) (dead, very decayed) dead, very decayed stump (large) is decayed by fruitbody Minor Pluteus umbrosus Velvet Shield Agaricales: Pluteaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Pluteaceae/Pluteus umbrosus/Pluteus umbrosusvelvet shieldfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, very decayedstump (large)Minor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, very decayed stump (large)
stump (large) (dead) dead stump (large) is decayed by fruitbody Rare Volvariella bombycina Silky Rosegill Agaricales: Pluteaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Pluteaceae/Volvariella bombycina/Volvariella bombycinasilky rosegillfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadstump (large)Rare fruitbody is saprobic on dead stump (large)
stump (large) (dead) dead stump (large) is decayed by fruitbody Meripilus giganteus Giant Polypore Polyporales: Meripilaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Meripilaceae/Meripilus giganteus/Meripilus giganteusgiant polyporefruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadstump (large) fruitbody is saprobic on dead stump (large)
stump (large) (dead) dead stump (large) is decayed by fruitbody Major Trametes hirsuta Hairy Bracket Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Trametes hirsuta/Trametes hirsutahairy bracketfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadstump (large)Major fruitbody is saprobic on dead stump (large)
stump (large) (decayed, dead) decayed, dead stump (large) is decayed by caespitose fruitbody Major Kuehneromyces leucolepidotus a woodtuft Agaricales: Strophariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Strophariaceae/Kuehneromyces leucolepidotus/Kuehneromyces leucolepidotusa woodtuftcaespitosefruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdecayed, deadstump (large)Major caespitose fruitbody is saprobic on decayed, dead stump (large)
stump (large) (decayed, dead) decayed, dead stump (large) is decayed by caespitose fruitbody Major Kuehneromyces mutabilis Sheathed Woodtuft, Velvet Tough-shank Agaricales: Strophariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Strophariaceae/Kuehneromyces mutabilis/Kuehneromyces mutabilissheathed woodtuft, velvet tough-shankcaespitosefruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdecayed, deadstump (large)Major caespitose fruitbody is saprobic on decayed, dead stump (large)
stump stump is associate of adult Major Aradus depressus a flat bark bug Hemiptera: Aradidae Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Aradidae/Aradus depressus/Aradus depressusa flat bark bugadult Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesstumpMajor adult is associated with stump
stump (cut) cut stump is decayed by superficial perithecium Cornuvesica falcata a pyrenomycete Microascales Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Microascales/Cornuvesica falcata/Cornuvesica falcataa pyrenomycetesuperficialperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchescutstump superficial perithecium is saprobic on cut stump
stump (cut) cut stump is decayed by colony of Chalara dematiaceous anamorph Cornuvesica falcata a pyrenomycete Microascales Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Microascales/Cornuvesica falcata/Cornuvesica falcataa pyrenomycetecolonyChalara dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchescutstump colony of Chalara dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on cut stump
stump (dead, decayed) dead, decayed stump is decayed by fruitbody Rare Mucronella calva Swarming Spine Agaricales: Clavariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Clavariaceae/Mucronella calva/Mucronella calvaswarming spinefruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedstumpRare fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed stump
stump (dead, decayed) dead, decayed stump is decayed by fruitbody Rare Mycena epipterygioides a bonnet Agaricales: Mycenaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Mycenaceae/Mycena epipterygioides/Mycena epipterygioidesa bonnetfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedstumpRare fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed stump
stump (dead, often rotten) dead, often rotten stump is decayed by perithecium Nectria peziza a pyrenomycete Hypocreales: Nectriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Nectria peziza/Nectria pezizaa pyrenomyceteperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, often rottenstump (8-12)perithecium is saprobic on dead, often rotten stump
stump (dead, white-rotten) dead, white-rotten stump is decayed by fruitbody Major Lenzites betulina Birch Mazegill Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Attempts at active protection of Inonotus obliquus by inoculating birches with its mycelium, Pietka, J. & Grzywacz, A., 2006
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Lenzites betulina/Lenzites betulinabirch mazegillfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, white-rottenstumpMajor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, white-rotten stump
stump (dead) dead stump is decayed by superficial stroma Minor Kretzschmaria deusta Brittle Cinder Xylariales: Xylariaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Kretzschmaria deusta/Kretzschmaria deustabrittle cindersuperficialstroma Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdeadstumpMinor superficial stroma is saprobic on dead stump
stump (decayed, old) decayed, old stump is decayed by fruitbody Major Gymnopus erythropus Redleg Toughshank Agaricales: Omphalotaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Omphalotaceae/Gymnopus erythropus/Gymnopus erythropusredleg toughshankfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdecayed, oldstumpMajor fruitbody is saprobic on decayed, old stump
stump (decayed) decayed stump is decayed by fruitbody Coprinopsis romagnesiana an inkcap Agaricales: Psathyrellaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Psathyrellaceae/Coprinopsis romagnesiana/Coprinopsis romagnesianaan inkcapfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdecayedstump fruitbody is saprobic on decayed stump
stump (decayed) decayed stump may have epiphytic fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Antrodia xantha Yellow Porecrust Polyporales: Fomitopsidaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Fomitopsidaceae/Antrodia xantha/Antrodia xanthayellow porecrustfruitbody Plant / epiphyteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches?decayedstump fruitbody grows on decayed stump
stump (fresh) fresh stump may be infected and damaged by mycelium UK/IrelandRare Heterobasidion annosum Root Rot, Root Fomes, White Pocket Rot - causative organism Russulales: Bondarzewiaceae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
Unusual hosts for some common British fungi, Reid, D.A., 1978
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Bondarzewiaceae/Heterobasidion annosum/Heterobasidion annosumroot rot, root fomes, white pocket rot (causative organism)mycelium Foodplant / pathogenUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesfreshstumpRare mycelium infects and damages fresh stump
stump (old, dead, decorticate) old, dead, decorticate stump is decayed by fruitbody Foreign Xylobolus frustulatus a basidiomycete fungus Russulales: Stereaceae Contribution to chorology of Xylobolus frustulatus in Poland, Stasinska, M., 2008
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Stereaceae/Xylobolus frustulatus/Xylobolus frustulatusa basidiomycete fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeForeign /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesold, dead, decorticatestump fruitbody is saprobic on old, dead, decorticate stump
stump (old) old stump is decayed by erect stroma Xylaria hypoxylon Candle-snuff, Candlesnuff Fungus, Stag’s-horn Fungus Xylariales: Xylariaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Xylaria hypoxylon/Xylaria hypoxyloncandle-snuff, candlesnuff fungus, stag's-horn funguserectstroma Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesoldstump erect stroma is saprobic on old stump
stump (relatively freshly cut, white rotted) relatively freshly cut, white rotted stump is decayed by fruitbody Pholiota squarrosa Shaggy Scalycap, Shaggy Pholiota Agaricales: Strophariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Strophariaceae/Pholiota squarrosa/Pholiota squarrosashaggy scalycap, shaggy pholiotafruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrelatively freshly cut, white rottedstump fruitbody is saprobic on relatively freshly cut, white rotted stump
trunk (bark) (felled) felled trunk (bark) is decayed by effuse colony of Monodictys dematiaceous anamorph Monodictys paradoxa a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Monodictys paradoxa/Monodictys paradoxaa dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyMonodictys dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesfelledtrunk (bark) (1-12)effuse colony of Monodictys dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on felled trunk (bark)
trunk (base) trunk (base) may be infected and damaged by fruitbody Meripilus giganteus Giant Polypore Polyporales: Meripilaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Meripilaceae/Meripilus giganteus/Meripilus giganteusgiant polyporefruitbody Foodplant / pathogen /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchestrunk (base) fruitbody infects and damages trunk (base)
trunk (esp. base) (dead, white rotted) dead, white rotted trunk (esp. base) is decayed by fruitbody Pholiota squarrosa Shaggy Scalycap, Shaggy Pholiota Agaricales: Strophariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Strophariaceae/Pholiota squarrosa/Pholiota squarrosashaggy scalycap, shaggy pholiotafruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, white rottedtrunk (esp. base) fruitbody is saprobic on dead, white rotted trunk (esp. base)
trunk (esp. base) (live) live trunk (esp. base) is parasitised by fruitbody Pholiota squarrosa Shaggy Scalycap, Shaggy Pholiota Agaricales: Strophariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Strophariaceae/Pholiota squarrosa/Pholiota squarrosashaggy scalycap, shaggy pholiotafruitbody Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheslivetrunk (esp. base) fruitbody parasitises live trunk (esp. base)
trunk (large) (dead, decayed) dead, decayed trunk (large) is decayed by fruitbody Rare Pluteus petasatus Scaly Shield Agaricales: Pluteaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Pluteaceae/Pluteus petasatus/Pluteus petasatusscaly shieldfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedtrunk (large)Rare fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed trunk (large)
trunk (large) (dead, decayed) dead, decayed trunk (large) is decayed by caespitose fruitbody Rare Psathyrella piluliformis Common Stump Brittlestem Agaricales: Psathyrellaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Psathyrellaceae/Psathyrella piluliformis/Psathyrella piluliformiscommon stump brittlestemcaespitosefruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedtrunk (large)Rare caespitose fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed trunk (large)
trunk (large) (dead, fallen, decayed (very)) dead, fallen, decayed (very) trunk (large) is decayed by fruitbody Rare Postia leucomallella a bracket fungus Polyporales: Fomitopsidaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Fomitopsidaceae/Postia leucomallella/Postia leucomallellaa bracket fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayed (very)trunk (large)Rare fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed (very) trunk (large)
trunk (large) (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed trunk (large) is decayed by fruitbody Rare Mucronella calva Swarming Spine Agaricales: Clavariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Clavariaceae/Mucronella calva/Mucronella calvaswarming spinefruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedtrunk (large)Rare fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed trunk (large)
trunk (large) (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed trunk (large) is decayed by fruitbody Simocybe centunculus var centunculus Dingy Twiglet Agaricales: Inocybaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Inocybaceae/Simocybe centunculus var. centunculus/Simocybe centunculus var. centunculusdingy twigletfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedtrunk (large) fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed trunk (large)
trunk (large) (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed trunk (large) is decayed by fruitbody Minor Simocybe sumptuosa Velvet Twiglet Agaricales: Inocybaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Inocybaceae/Simocybe sumptuosa/Simocybe sumptuosavelvet twigletfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedtrunk (large)Minor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed trunk (large)
trunk (large) (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed trunk (large) is decayed by imbricate or clustered fruitbody Major Sarcomyxa serotina Olive Oysterling Agaricales: Mycenaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Mycenaceae/Sarcomyxa serotina/Sarcomyxa serotinaolive oysterlingimbricate or clusteredfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedtrunk (large)Major (mainly late 11-2)imbricate or clustered fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed trunk (large)
trunk (large) (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed trunk (large) is decayed by fruitbody Pholiota aurivella Golden Scalycap Agaricales: Strophariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Strophariaceae/Pholiota aurivella/Pholiota aurivellagolden scalycapfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedtrunk (large) fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed trunk (large)
trunk (large) (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed trunk (large) is decayed by fruitbody Postia wakefieldiae a bracket fungus Polyporales: Fomitopsidaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Fomitopsidaceae/Postia wakefieldiae/Postia wakefieldiaea bracket fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedtrunk (large) fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed trunk (large)
trunk (large) (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed trunk (large) is decayed by fruitbody Mycoacia nothofagi Fragrant Toothcrust Polyporales: Meruliaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Meruliaceae/Mycoacia nothofagi/Mycoacia nothofagifragrant toothcrustfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedtrunk (large) fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed trunk (large)
trunk (large) (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed trunk (large) is decayed by fruitbody Major Phlebia tremellosa Jelly Rot Polyporales: Meruliaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Meruliaceae/Phlebia tremellosa/Phlebia tremellosajelly rotfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedtrunk (large)Major fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed trunk (large)
trunk (large) (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed trunk (large) is decayed by fruitbody Minor Polyporus leptocephalus Blackfoot Polypore Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Polyporus leptocephalus/Polyporus leptocephalusblackfoot polyporefruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedtrunk (large)Minor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed trunk (large)
trunk (large) (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed trunk (large) is decayed by fruitbody Minor Trametes gibbosa Lumpy Bracket Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Trametes gibbosa/Trametes gibbosalumpy bracketfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedtrunk (large)Minor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed trunk (large)
trunk (large) (dead, fallen, very decayed) dead, fallen, very decayed trunk (large) is decayed by fruitbody Minor Pluteus phlebophorus Wrinkled Shield Agaricales: Pluteaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Pluteaceae/Pluteus phlebophorus/Pluteus phlebophoruswrinkled shieldfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, very decayedtrunk (large)Minor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, very decayed trunk (large)
trunk (large) (dead, fallen, very decayed) dead, fallen, very decayed trunk (large) is decayed by fruitbody Minor Pluteus podospileus a shield Agaricales: Pluteaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Pluteaceae/Pluteus podospileus/Pluteus podospileusa shieldfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, very decayedtrunk (large)Minor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, very decayed trunk (large)
trunk (large) (dead, fallen, very decayed) dead, fallen, very decayed trunk (large) is decayed by fruitbody Minor Pluteus umbrosus Velvet Shield Agaricales: Pluteaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Pluteaceae/Pluteus umbrosus/Pluteus umbrosusvelvet shieldfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, very decayedtrunk (large)Minor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, very decayed trunk (large)
trunk (large) (dead, fallen, very decayed) dead, fallen, very decayed trunk (large) is decayed by fruitbody Minor Polyporus badius Bay Polypore Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Polyporus badius/Polyporus badiusbay polyporefruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, very decayedtrunk (large)Minor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, very decayed trunk (large)
trunk (large) (dead, fallen) dead, fallen trunk (large) is decayed by fruitbody Rare Stereum subtomentosum Yellow Curtain Crust, Yellowing Curtain Crust Russulales: Stereaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Stereaceae/Stereum subtomentosum/Stereum subtomentosumyellow curtain crust, yellowing curtain crustfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallentrunk (large)Rare fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen trunk (large)
trunk (large) (dead, standing) dead, standing trunk (large) is decayed by fruitbody Rare Volvariella bombycina Silky Rosegill Agaricales: Pluteaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Pluteaceae/Volvariella bombycina/Volvariella bombycinasilky rosegillfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, standingtrunk (large)Rare fruitbody is saprobic on dead, standing trunk (large)
trunk (large) (dead) dead trunk (large) is decayed by fruitbody Meripilus giganteus Giant Polypore Polyporales: Meripilaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Meripilaceae/Meripilus giganteus/Meripilus giganteusgiant polyporefruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadtrunk (large) fruitbody is saprobic on dead trunk (large)
trunk (large) (decayed, dead, fallen) decayed, dead, fallen trunk (large) is decayed by caespitose fruitbody Major Kuehneromyces mutabilis Sheathed Woodtuft, Velvet Tough-shank Agaricales: Strophariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Strophariaceae/Kuehneromyces mutabilis/Kuehneromyces mutabilissheathed woodtuft, velvet tough-shankcaespitosefruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdecayed, dead, fallentrunk (large)Major caespitose fruitbody is saprobic on decayed, dead, fallen trunk (large)
trunk (large) (fallen) fallen trunk (large) is decayed by fruitbody Rare Volvariella bombycina Silky Rosegill Agaricales: Pluteaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Pluteaceae/Volvariella bombycina/Volvariella bombycinasilky rosegillfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesfallentrunk (large)Rare fruitbody is saprobic on fallen trunk (large)
trunk (large) (live, standing) live, standing trunk (large) is decayed by fruitbody Rare Volvariella bombycina Silky Rosegill Agaricales: Pluteaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Pluteaceae/Volvariella bombycina/Volvariella bombycinasilky rosegillfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheslive, standingtrunk (large)Rare fruitbody is saprobic on live, standing trunk (large)
trunk (wounded) (live) live trunk (wounded) is decayed by fruitbody Panellus stipticus Bitter Oysterling, "Sticky Fingers" Agaricales: Mycenaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Mycenaceae/Panellus stipticus/Panellus stipticusbitter oysterling, "sticky fingers"fruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheslivetrunk (wounded) fruitbody is saprobic on live trunk (wounded)
trunk, log, large branch (dead) dead trunk, log, large branch may contain larva UK/IrelandRestricted Magdalis carbonaria a weevil Coleoptera: Curculionidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
True Weevils (Part I): Family Curculionidae, subfamilies Raymondionyminae to Smicronychinae, Morris, M.G., 2002
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Magdalis (Odontomagdalis) carbonaria/Magdalis (Odontomagdalis) carbonariaa weevillarva Foodplant / internal feederUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadtrunk, log, large branchSole larva feeds within dead trunk, log, large branch
trunk (dead, brown-rotten) dead, brown-rotten trunk is decayed by fruitbody Fomitopsis pinicola Red-belted Bracket Polyporales: Fomitopsidaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Attempts at active protection of Inonotus obliquus by inoculating birches with its mycelium, Pietka, J. & Grzywacz, A., 2006
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Fomitopsidaceae/Fomitopsis pinicola/Fomitopsis pinicolared-belted bracketfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, brown-rottentrunk fruitbody is saprobic on dead, brown-rotten trunk
trunk (dead, brown-rotten) dead, brown-rotten trunk is parasitised by fruitbody UK/IrelandRestricted Piptoporus betulinus Birch Polypore, Razorstrop Fungus Polyporales: Fomitopsidaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Attempts at active protection of Inonotus obliquus by inoculating birches with its mycelium, Pietka, J. & Grzywacz, A., 2006
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Fomitopsidaceae/Piptoporus betulinus/Piptoporus betulinusbirch polypore, razorstrop fungusfruitbody Foodplant / parasiteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, brown-rottentrunkSole fruitbody parasitises dead, brown-rotten trunk
trunk (dead, decayed) dead, decayed trunk is decayed by fruitbody Major Tyromyces chioneus a bracket fungus Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Tyromyces chioneus/Tyromyces chioneusa bracket fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedtrunkMajor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed trunk
trunk (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed trunk is decayed by fruitbody Major Hohenbuehelia atrocoerulea an oyster fungus Agaricales: Pleurotaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Pleurotaceae/Hohenbuehelia atrocoerulea/Hohenbuehelia atrocoeruleaan oyster fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedtrunkMajor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed trunk
trunk (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed trunk is decayed by fruitbody Pholiota tuberculosa a scalycap Agaricales: Strophariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Strophariaceae/Pholiota tuberculosa/Pholiota tuberculosaa scalycapfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedtrunk fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed trunk
trunk (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed trunk of sapling is decayed by fruitbody Minor Postia subcaesia Blueing Bracket Polyporales: Fomitopsidaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Fomitopsidaceae/Postia subcaesia/Postia subcaesiablueing bracketfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedtrunksaplingMinor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed trunk of sapling
trunk (dead, standing) dead, standing trunk is decayed by fruitbody Minor Mensularia radiata Alder Bracket Hymenochaetales: Hymenochaetaceae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Hymenochaetales/Hymenochaetaceae/Mensularia radiata/Mensularia radiataalder bracketfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, standingtrunkMinor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, standing trunk
trunk (dead, standing) dead, standing trunk is decayed by stalked, clustered basidiocarp UK/Ireland Phleogena faginea Fenugreek Stalkball Atractiellales: Phleogenaceae Profiles of Fungi No. 62: Phleogena faginea (Fr.:Fr.) Link, Cook, P., 1994
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Atractiellales/Phleogenaceae/Phleogena faginea/Phleogena fagineafenugreek stalkballstalked, clusteredbasidiocarp Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, standingtrunk (10-2)stalked, clustered basidiocarp is saprobic on dead, standing trunk
trunk (dead) dead trunk is decayed by scattered or on a stroma in groups of 5 to 30 perithecium Neonectria coccinea Beech Bark Disease - causative organism Hypocreales: Nectriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Neonectria coccinea/Neonectria coccineabeech bark disease (causative organism)scattered or on a stroma in groups of 5 to 30perithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadtrunk (9-5)scattered or on a stroma in groups of 5 to 30 perithecium is saprobic on dead trunk
trunk (dead) dead trunk is decayed by erumpent stroma Neonectria coccinea Beech Bark Disease - causative organism Hypocreales: Nectriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Neonectria coccinea/Neonectria coccineabeech bark disease (causative organism)erumpentstroma Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadtrunk (9-5)erumpent stroma is saprobic on dead trunk
trunk (dead) dead trunk is decayed by fruitbody Minor Phellinopsis conchata a bracket fungus Hymenochaetales: Hymenochaetaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Hymenochaetales/Hymenochaetaceae/Phellinopsis conchata/Phellinopsis conchataa bracket fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdeadtrunkMinor fruitbody is saprobic on dead trunk
trunk (dead) dead trunk is decayed by fruitbody UK/IrelandMajor Phellinus laevigatus Smooth Bristle Bracket Hymenochaetales: Hymenochaetaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Hymenochaetales/Hymenochaetaceae/Phellinus laevigatus/Phellinus laevigatussmooth bristle bracketfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdeadtrunkMajor fruitbody is saprobic on dead trunk
trunk (dead) dead trunk is decayed by fruitbody Major Phellinus nigricans Black Bristle Bracket Hymenochaetales: Hymenochaetaceae Phellinus igniarius and its closest relatives in Europe, Fischer, M., 1995
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Hymenochaetales/Hymenochaetaceae/Phellinus nigricans/Phellinus nigricansblack bristle bracketfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdeadtrunkMajor fruitbody is saprobic on dead trunk
trunk (dead) dead trunk is decayed by fruitbody Ganoderma applanatum Artist’s Bracket Polyporales: Ganodermataceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Ganodermataceae/Ganoderma applanatum/Ganoderma applanatumartist's bracketfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadtrunk fruitbody is saprobic on dead trunk
trunk (decayed, fallen) decayed, fallen trunk is decayed by fruitbody UK/Ireland Crepidotus applanatus var applanatus Flat Oysterling Agaricales: Inocybaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Inocybaceae/Crepidotus applanatus var. applanatus/Crepidotus applanatus var. applanatusflat oysterlingfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdecayed, fallentrunk fruitbody is saprobic on decayed, fallen trunk
trunk (fallen, dead) fallen, dead trunk is decayed by fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Diplomitoporus lindbladii a polypore fungus Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Diplomitoporus lindbladii/Diplomitoporus lindbladiia polypore fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches?fallen, deadtrunk fruitbody is saprobic on fallen, dead trunk
trunk (fallen) fallen trunk is decayed by fruitbody Ceraceomyces borealis a resupinate fungus Amylocorticiales: Amylocorticiaceae Profiles of Fungi No. 139: Ceraceomyces borealis (Romell) J. Erikss. & Ryvarden …, Legon, N.W., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Amylocorticiales/Amylocorticiaceae/Ceraceomyces borealis/Ceraceomyces borealisa resupinate fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesfallentrunk fruitbody is saprobic on fallen trunk
trunk (felled) felled trunk is decayed by effuse colony of Septonema dematiaceous anamorph Major Septonema secedens a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Septonema secedens/Septonema secedensa dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonySeptonema dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesfelledtrunkMajor effuse colony of Septonema dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on felled trunk
trunk (large, dead, standing) large, dead, standing trunk is decayed by fruitbody UK/Ireland Aurantiporus fissilis Greasy Bracket Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Aurantiporus fissilis/Aurantiporus fissilisgreasy bracketfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheslarge, dead, standingtrunk fruitbody is saprobic on large, dead, standing trunk
trunk (large, decayed, fallen) large, decayed, fallen trunk is decayed by basidiome Ceriporia excelsa a basidiomycete fungus Polyporales: Phanerochaetaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Phanerochaetaceae/Ceriporia excelsa/Ceriporia excelsaa basidiomycete fungusbasidiome Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheslarge, decayed, fallentrunk basidiome is saprobic on large, decayed, fallen trunk
trunk (large, decayed, fallen) large, decayed, fallen trunk is decayed by basidiome Minor Ceriporia purpurea a basidiomycete fungus Polyporales: Phanerochaetaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Phanerochaetaceae/Ceriporia purpurea/Ceriporia purpureaa basidiomycete fungusbasidiome Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheslarge, decayed, fallentrunkMinor basidiome is saprobic on large, decayed, fallen trunk
trunk (large, fallen) large, fallen trunk may have epiphytic fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Antrodia xantha Yellow Porecrust Polyporales: Fomitopsidaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Fomitopsidaceae/Antrodia xantha/Antrodia xanthayellow porecrustfruitbody Plant / epiphyteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches?large, fallentrunk fruitbody grows on large, fallen trunk
trunk (live, old) live, old trunk is parasitised by fruitbody Minor Phellinopsis conchata a bracket fungus Hymenochaetales: Hymenochaetaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Hymenochaetales/Hymenochaetaceae/Phellinopsis conchata/Phellinopsis conchataa bracket fungusfruitbody Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheslive, oldtrunkMinor fruitbody parasitises live, old trunk
trunk (live, standing) live, standing trunk is decayed by fruitbody Pleurotus dryinus Veiled Oyster Agaricales: Pleurotaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Pleurotaceae/Pleurotus dryinus/Pleurotus dryinusveiled oysterfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheslive, standingtrunk fruitbody is saprobic on live, standing trunk
trunk (live, standing) live, standing trunk is parasitised by fruitbody UK/IrelandMajor Fomes fomentarius Hoof Fungus, Tinder Bracket Polyporales: Polyporaceae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Bioimages - the Virtual Field Guide, Storey, M.W., 2015
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Fomes fomentarius/Fomes fomentariushoof fungus, tinder bracketfruitbody Foodplant / parasiteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheslive, standingtrunkMajor fruitbody parasitises live, standing trunk
trunk (live) live trunk is galled by fruitbody UK/Ireland Inonotus obliquus Chaga Hymenochaetales: Hymenochaetaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Hymenochaetales/Hymenochaetaceae/Inonotus obliquus/Inonotus obliquuschagafruitbody Foodplant / gallUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheslivetrunk fruitbody causes gall of live trunk
trunk (live) live trunk is parasitised by fruitbody Minor Phellinus igniarius Willow Bracket, Willow Heart Rot (Causative Orgnaism) Hymenochaetales: Hymenochaetaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Hymenochaetales/Hymenochaetaceae/Phellinus igniarius/Phellinus igniariuswillow bracket, willow heart rot (causative orgnaism)fruitbody Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabircheslivetrunkMinor fruitbody parasitises live trunk
trunk (live) live trunk is parasitised by fruitbody Major Phellinus nigricans Black Bristle Bracket Hymenochaetales: Hymenochaetaceae Phellinus igniarius and its closest relatives in Europe, Fischer, M., 1995
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Hymenochaetales/Hymenochaetaceae/Phellinus nigricans/Phellinus nigricansblack bristle bracketfruitbody Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabircheslivetrunkMajor fruitbody parasitises live trunk
trunk (live) live trunk may be infected and damaged by fruitbody UK/IrelandRestricted Piptoporus betulinus Birch Polypore, Razorstrop Fungus Polyporales: Fomitopsidaceae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Fomitopsidaceae/Piptoporus betulinus/Piptoporus betulinusbirch polypore, razorstrop fungusfruitbody Foodplant / pathogenUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabircheslivetrunkSole fruitbody infects and damages live trunk
trunk (live) live trunk is parasitised by fruitbody Ganoderma applanatum Artist’s Bracket Polyporales: Ganodermataceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Ganodermataceae/Ganoderma applanatum/Ganoderma applanatumartist's bracketfruitbody Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheslivetrunk fruitbody parasitises live trunk
trunk (old, dead, fallen) old, dead, fallen trunk is decayed by fruitbody Basidioradulum radula Toothed Crust Hymenochaetales: Schizoporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Hymenochaetales/Schizoporaceae/Basidioradulum radula/Basidioradulum radulatoothed crustfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesold, dead, fallentrunk fruitbody is saprobic on old, dead, fallen trunk
twig (1-2 years old) twig (1-2 years old) is galled by egg UK/Ireland Blepharidopterus angulatus Black-kneed Apple Capsid Hemiptera: Miridae Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Miridae/Blepharidopterus angulatus/Blepharidopterus angulatusblack-kneed apple capsidegg Foodplant / gallUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchestwig (1-2 years old) egg causes gall of twig (1-2 years old)
twig (bark) (dead) dead twig (bark) is decayed by superficial thyriothecium Stomiopeltis betulae a fly speck fungus Microthyriales: Micropeltidaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Microthyriales/Micropeltidaceae/Stomiopeltis betulae/Stomiopeltis betulaea fly speck fungussuperficialthyriothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadtwig (bark) (3-5)superficial thyriothecium is saprobic on dead twig (bark)
twig (small) (dead, often attached) dead, often attached twig (small) is decayed by immersed, in small groups perithecium Cryptosporella betulae a pyrenomycete Diaporthales: Gnomoniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Gnomoniaceae/Cryptosporella betulae/Cryptosporella betulaea pyrenomyceteimmersed, in small groupsperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, often attachedtwig (small) (2-3)immersed, in small groups perithecium is saprobic on dead, often attached twig (small)
twig (thin) (dead) dead twig (thin) is decayed by stroma Anisogramma virgultorum a stromatic pyrenomycete Diaporthales: Valsaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
Birch dieback in Scotland, Green, S., 2005
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Valsaceae/Anisogramma virgultorum/Anisogramma virgultoruma stromatic pyrenomycetestroma Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadtwig (thin) (3)stroma is saprobic on dead twig (thin)
twig (thin) (dead) dead twig (thin) is decayed by immersed, stromatic perithecium Anisogramma virgultorum a stromatic pyrenomycete Diaporthales: Valsaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Valsaceae/Anisogramma virgultorum/Anisogramma virgultoruma stromatic pyrenomyceteimmersed, stromaticperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadtwig (thin) (3)immersed, stromatic perithecium is saprobic on dead twig (thin)
twig twig of esp. small trees is galled by single larva Epinotia tetraquetrana Square-barred Bell Lepidoptera: Tortricidae Plant Galls, Redfern, M. & Askew, R.R., 1992
Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls, Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Lepidoptera/Tortricidae/Epinotia tetraquetrana/Epinotia tetraquetranasquare-barred bellsinglelarva Foodplant / gall /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchestwigesp. small trees (7-9)single larva causes gall of twig of esp. small trees
twig twig is decayed by immersd, often in small groups perithecium Coronophora angustata a pyrenomycete Coronophorales: Coronophoraceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Coronophorales/Coronophoraceae/Coronophora angustata/Coronophora angustataa pyrenomyceteimmersd, often in small groupsperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchestwig immersd, often in small groups perithecium is saprobic on twig
twig twig is decayed by loosely gregarious, immersed, lifting the periderm into conical pustule, bursting mainy transversely stroma of Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Cytospora horrida a stromatic coelomycete Diaporthales: Valsaceae British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Valsaceae/Cytospora horrida/Cytospora horridaa stromatic coelomyceteloosely gregarious, immersed, lifting the periderm into conical pustule, bursting mainy transverselystromaCytospora coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchestwig (6)loosely gregarious, immersed, lifting the periderm into conical pustule, bursting mainy transversely stroma of Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on twig
twig twig is decayed by immersed, grouped in circles perithecium Cytospora populina a valsoid pyrenomycete Diaporthales: Valsaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Valsaceae/Cytospora populina/Cytospora populinaa valsoid pyrenomyceteimmersed, grouped in circlesperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchestwig (10-5)immersed, grouped in circles perithecium is saprobic on twig
twig twig is decayed by subgregarious to densely scattered, covered then erumpent, blackish grey with paler roundish flat disc stroma of Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Cytospora populina a valsoid pyrenomycete Diaporthales: Valsaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Valsaceae/Cytospora populina/Cytospora populinaa valsoid pyrenomycetesubgregarious to densely scattered, covered then erumpent, blackish grey with paler roundish flat discstromaCytospora coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchestwig (10-5)subgregarious to densely scattered, covered then erumpent, blackish grey with paler roundish flat disc stroma of Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on twig
twig twig is decayed by cyphelloid basidiocarp Merismodes anomala a cyphelloid basidiomycete Agaricales: Niaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Niaceae/Merismodes anomala/Merismodes anomalaa cyphelloid basidiomycetecyphelloid basidiocarp Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchestwig (8-2)cyphelloid basidiocarp is saprobic on twig
twig (attached, dead) attached, dead twig is decayed by stroma of Trimmatostroma dematiaceous anamorph Major Trimmatostroma betulinum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Helotiales Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Trimmatostroma betulinum/Trimmatostroma betulinuma dematiaceous anamorphic fungusstromaTrimmatostroma dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesattached, deadtwigMajor (2-5)stroma of Trimmatostroma dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on attached, dead twig
twig (attached, dead) attached, dead twig is decayed by stromatic, sometimes confluent sporodochium of Trimmatostroma dematiaceous anamorph Major Trimmatostroma betulinum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Helotiales Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Trimmatostroma betulinum/Trimmatostroma betulinuma dematiaceous anamorphic fungusstromatic, sometimes confluentsporodochiumTrimmatostroma dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesattached, deadtwigMajor (2-5)stromatic, sometimes confluent sporodochium of Trimmatostroma dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on attached, dead twig
twig (dead, attached) dead, attached twig is decayed by immersed in bark, appearing through transverse slits stroma Pseudovalsa lanciformis a stromatic pyrenomycete Diaporthales: Pseudovalsaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Pseudovalsaceae/Pseudovalsa lanciformis/Pseudovalsa lanciformisa stromatic pyrenomyceteimmersed in bark, appearing through transverse slitsstroma Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, attachedtwig immersed in bark, appearing through transverse slits stroma is saprobic on dead, attached twig
twig (dead, attached) dead, attached twig is decayed by erumpent Coryneum coelomycetous anamorph Pseudovalsa lanciformis a stromatic pyrenomycete Diaporthales: Pseudovalsaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Pseudovalsaceae/Pseudovalsa lanciformis/Pseudovalsa lanciformisa stromatic pyrenomyceteerumpentCoryneum coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, attachedtwig (1-2)erumpent Coryneum coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead, attached twig
twig (dead, attached) dead, attached twig is decayed by stromatic, in groups of up to 10 perithecium Pseudovalsa lanciformis a stromatic pyrenomycete Diaporthales: Pseudovalsaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Pseudovalsaceae/Pseudovalsa lanciformis/Pseudovalsa lanciformisa stromatic pyrenomycetestromatic, in groups of up to 10perithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, attachedtwig (3+)stromatic, in groups of up to 10 perithecium is saprobic on dead, attached twig
twig (dead, attached) dead, attached twig is decayed by cyphelloid basidiocarp Merismodes fasciculata Crowded Cuplet Agaricales: Niaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Niaceae/Merismodes fasciculata/Merismodes fasciculatacrowded cupletcyphelloid basidiocarp Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, attachedtwig cyphelloid basidiocarp is saprobic on dead, attached twig
twig (dead, attached) dead, attached twig is decayed by fruitbody Macrotyphula fistulosa var contorta Contorted Pipe Club Agaricales: Typhulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Typhulaceae/Macrotyphula fistulosa var. contorta/Macrotyphula fistulosa var. contortacontorted pipe clubfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, attachedtwig fruitbody is saprobic on dead, attached twig
twig (dead, attached) dead, attached twig is decayed by fruitbody Major Exidia repanda Birch Jelly Auriculariales: Auriculariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Auriculariales/Auriculariaceae/Exidia repanda/Exidia repandabirch jellyfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, attachedtwigMajor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, attached twig
twig (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed twig is decayed by fruitbody Minor Stereum rameale a curtain crust Russulales: Stereaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Stereaceae/Stereum rameale/Stereum ramealea curtain crustfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedtwigMinor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed twig
twig (dead, fallen) dead, fallen twig is decayed by stalked apothecium Hymenoscyphus calyculus a discomycete Helotiales: Helotiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Hymenoscyphus calyculus/Hymenoscyphus calyculusa discomycetestalkedapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallentwig (6-12)stalked apothecium is saprobic on dead, fallen twig
twig (dead, fallen) dead, fallen twig is decayed by stalked apothecium Pezizella parilis a discomycete Helotiales: Hyaloscyphaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Hyaloscyphaceae/Pezizella parilis/Pezizella parilisa discomycetestalkedapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallentwig (5)9-11(1)stalked apothecium is saprobic on dead, fallen twig
twig (dead, fallen) dead, fallen twig is decayed by stroma of Trimmatostroma dematiaceous anamorph Major Trimmatostroma betulinum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Helotiales Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Trimmatostroma betulinum/Trimmatostroma betulinuma dematiaceous anamorphic fungusstromaTrimmatostroma dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallentwigMajor (2-5)stroma of Trimmatostroma dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead, fallen twig
twig (dead, fallen) dead, fallen twig is decayed by stromatic, sometimes confluent sporodochium of Trimmatostroma dematiaceous anamorph Major Trimmatostroma betulinum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Helotiales Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Trimmatostroma betulinum/Trimmatostroma betulinuma dematiaceous anamorphic fungusstromatic, sometimes confluentsporodochiumTrimmatostroma dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallentwigMajor (2-5)stromatic, sometimes confluent sporodochium of Trimmatostroma dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead, fallen twig
twig (dead, still attached to fallen tree) dead, still attached to fallen tree twig is decayed by fruitbody Major Lentinus brumalis Winter Polypore Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Lentinus brumalis/Lentinus brumaliswinter polyporefruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, still attached to fallen treetwigMajor (early winter-early spring)fruitbody is saprobic on dead, still attached to fallen tree twig
twig (dead) dead twig is decayed by hysterothecium Gloniopsis praelonga an ascomycete Hysteriales: Hysteriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Hysteriales/Hysteriaceae/Gloniopsis praelonga/Gloniopsis praelongaan ascomycetehysterothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadtwig (1-12)hysterothecium is saprobic on dead twig
twig (dead) dead twig is decayed by stroma of Corynespora dematiaceous anamorph Corynespora cespitosa a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Pleosporales: Corynesporascaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Corynesporascaceae/Corynespora cespitosa/Corynespora cespitosaa dematiaceous anamorphic fungusstromaCorynespora dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadtwig (4)stroma of Corynespora dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead twig
twig (dead) dead twig is decayed by scattered, erumpent acervulus of Myxocyclus coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Myxocyclus polycystis a coelomycete Pleosporales: Pleomassariaceae Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Pleomassariaceae/Myxocyclus polycystis/Myxocyclus polycystisa coelomycetescattered, erumpentacervulusMyxocyclus coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadtwig (3-5)scattered, erumpent acervulus of Myxocyclus coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead twig
twig (dead) dead twig is decayed by erumpent through bark pseudothecium Pteridiospora scoriadea an ascomycete Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pteridiospora scoriadea/Pteridiospora scoriadeaan ascomyceteerumpent through barkpseudothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadtwig (9-11)erumpent through bark pseudothecium is saprobic on dead twig
twig (dead) dead twig is decayed by superficial or immersed pseudothecium Capronia pilosella an ascomycete Chaetothyriales: Herpotrichiellaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Eurotiomycetes/Chaetothyriales/Herpotrichiellaceae/Capronia pilosella/Capronia pilosellaan ascomycetesuperficial or immersedpseudothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadtwig superficial or immersed pseudothecium is saprobic on dead twig
twig (dead) dead twig is decayed by sessile apothecium Mollisia ramealis a discomycete Helotiales: Dermateaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Mollisia ramealis/Mollisia ramealisa discomycetesessileapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadtwig (5-12)sessile apothecium is saprobic on dead twig
twig (dead) dead twig is decayed by somewhat short-stalked apothecium Lachnum corticale a discomycete Helotiales: Lachnaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Lachnaceae/Lachnum corticale/Lachnum corticalea discomycetesomewhat short-stalkedapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadtwig (3-12)somewhat short-stalked apothecium is saprobic on dead twig
twig (dead) dead twig is decayed by long stalked apothecium Lachnum virgineum Snowy Disco Helotiales: Lachnaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Lachnaceae/Lachnum virgineum/Lachnum virgineumsnowy discolong stalkedapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadtwig (2-10)long stalked apothecium is saprobic on dead twig
twig (dead) dead twig is decayed by crowded, in groups of 2-5 under loose periderm perithecium Sydowiella ambigua a pyrenomycete Diaporthales: Sydowiellaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Sydowiellaceae/Sydowiella ambigua/Sydowiella ambiguaa pyrenomycetecrowded, in groups of 2-5 under loose peridermperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadtwig (12-7)crowded, in groups of 2-5 under loose periderm perithecium is saprobic on dead twig
twig (decayed) decayed twig is decayed by fruitbody Minor Hemimycena tortuosa Dewdrop Bonnet Agaricales: Mycenaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Mycenaceae/Hemimycena tortuosa/Hemimycena tortuosadewdrop bonnetfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdecayedtwigMinor fruitbody is saprobic on decayed twig
twig (fallen, dead) fallen, dead twig is decayed by effuse colony of Helminthosporium dematiaceous anamorph Helminthosporium velutinum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Pleosporales: Massarinaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Massarinaceae/Helminthosporium velutinum/Helminthosporium velutinuma dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyHelminthosporium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesfallen, deadtwig effuse colony of Helminthosporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on fallen, dead twig
twig (fallen, lying in grass or partly buried) fallen, lying in grass or partly buried twig is decayed by long slender stalked apothecium Lachnum pygmaeum a discomycete Helotiales: Lachnaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Lachnaceae/Lachnum pygmaeum/Lachnum pygmaeuma discomycetelong slender stalkedapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesfallen, lying in grass or partly buriedtwig (4-10)long slender stalked apothecium is saprobic on fallen, lying in grass or partly buried twig
twig (fallen) fallen twig is decayed by fruitbody UK/Ireland Boidinia permixta a basidiomycete fungus Russulales: Russulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Boidinia permixta/Boidinia permixtaa basidiomycete fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesfallentwig fruitbody is saprobic on fallen twig
wood mould wood mould of stump may contain larva Gnorimus nobilis Noble Chafer Coleoptera: Cetoniidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Cetoniidae/Gnorimus nobilis/Gnorimus nobilisnoble chaferlarva Foodplant / internal feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheswood mouldstump larva feeds within wood mould of stump
wood or bark wood or bark is decayed by scattered sporodochium of Bactrodesmium dematiaceous anamorph Bactrodesmium spilomeum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Bactrodesmium spilomeum/Bactrodesmium spilomeuma dematiaceous anamorphic fungusscatteredsporodochiumBactrodesmium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheswood or bark (4-6)scattered sporodochium of Bactrodesmium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on wood or bark
wood or bark (rotten) rotten wood or bark is decayed by colony of Pseudaegerita anamorph Pseudaegerita viridis an anamorph fungus Helotiales: Hyaloscyphaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Hyaloscyphaceae/Pseudaegerita viridis/Pseudaegerita viridisan anamorph funguscolonyPseudaegerita anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottenwood or bark colony of Pseudaegerita anamorph is saprobic on rotten wood or bark
wood wood may contain larva Platystomos albinus a fungus weevil Coleoptera: Anthribidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Anthribidae/Platystomos albinus/Platystomos albinusa fungus weevillarva Foodplant / internal feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheswood larva feeds within wood
wood wood may contain larva Ampedus balteatus a click beetle Coleoptera: Elateridae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Elateridae/Ampedus balteatus/Ampedus balteatusa click beetlelarva Foodplant / internal feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheswood larva feeds within wood
wood wood may contain larva Ampedus cinnabarinus a click beetle Coleoptera: Elateridae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Elateridae/Ampedus cinnabarinus/Ampedus cinnabarinusa click beetlelarva Foodplant / internal feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheswood larva feeds within wood
wood wood may contain larva Ampedus pomorum a click beetle Coleoptera: Elateridae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Elateridae/Ampedus pomorum/Ampedus pomoruma click beetlelarva Foodplant / internal feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheswood larva feeds within wood
wood wood may contain larva Ampedus quercicola a click beetle Coleoptera: Elateridae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Elateridae/Ampedus quercicola/Ampedus quercicolaa click beetlelarva Foodplant / internal feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheswood larva feeds within wood
wood wood may contain larva Ampedus sanguinolentus a click beetle Coleoptera: Elateridae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Elateridae/Ampedus sanguinolentus/Ampedus sanguinolentusa click beetlelarva Foodplant / internal feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheswood larva feeds within wood
wood wood may contain larva Sinodendron cylindricum Rhinoceros Beetle Coleoptera: Lucanidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Lucanidae/Sinodendron cylindricum/Sinodendron cylindricumrhinoceros beetlelarva Foodplant / internal feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheswood larva feeds within wood
wood wood may contain larva Xiphydria camelus Alder Woodwasp Hymenoptera: Xiphydriidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (a), Benson, R.B., 1951
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Xiphydriidae/Xiphydria camelus/Xiphydria camelusalder woodwasplarva Foodplant / internal feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheswood larva feeds within wood
wood wood is decayed by scattered sporodochium of Bactrodesmium dematiaceous anamorph Bactrodesmium obovatum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Bactrodesmium obovatum/Bactrodesmium obovatuma dematiaceous anamorphic fungusscatteredsporodochiumBactrodesmium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheswood (1-12)scattered sporodochium of Bactrodesmium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on wood
wood wood is decayed by Oidiodendron dematiaceous anamorph Oidiodendron tenuissimum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Onygenales: Myxotrichaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Eurotiomycetes/Onygenales/Myxotrichaceae/Oidiodendron tenuissimum/Oidiodendron tenuissimuma dematiaceous anamorphic fungusOidiodendron dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheswood (1-12)Oidiodendron dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on wood
wood wood is decayed by colony of Menispora dematiaceous anamorph UK/Ireland Chaetosphaeria ovoidea a pyrenomycete Chaetosphaeriales: Chaetosphaeriaceae Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Chaetosphaeriales/Chaetosphaeriaceae/Chaetosphaeria ovoidea/Chaetosphaeria ovoideaa pyrenomycetecolonyMenispora dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheswood (mainly winter)colony of Menispora dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on wood
wood wood is decayed by colony of Menispora anamorph UK/Ireland Menispora tortuosa a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Chaetosphaeriales: Chaetosphaeriaceae Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Chaetosphaeriales/Chaetosphaeriaceae/Menispora tortuosa/Menispora tortuosaa dematiaceous anamorphic funguscolonyMenispora anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheswood colony of Menispora anamorph is saprobic on wood
wood wood is decayed by perithecium Cosmospora viridescens a pyrenomycete Hypocreales: Nectriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Cosmospora viridescens/Cosmospora viridescensa pyrenomyceteperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheswood (9-5)perithecium is saprobic on wood
wood wood is decayed by effuse colony of Mariannaea anamorph UK/Ireland Mariannaea elegans an anamorphic fungus Hypocreales: Nectriaceae Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Mariannaea elegans/Mariannaea elegansan anamorphic funguseffusecolonyMariannaea anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheswood effuse colony of Mariannaea anamorph is saprobic on wood
wood wood is decayed by effuse colony of Trichocladium dematiaceous anamorph Trichocladium opacum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Sordariales: Chaetomiaceae Trichocladium opacum, Kirk, P.M., 1994
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Sordariales/Chaetomiaceae/Trichocladium opacum/Trichocladium opacuma dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyTrichocladium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheswood effuse colony of Trichocladium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on wood
wood wood is decayed by erumpent through stellate fissure, usually numerous stroma Minor Diatrype disciformis Beech Barkspot Xylariales: Diatrypaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Diatrypaceae/Diatrype disciformis/Diatrype disciformisbeech barkspoterumpent through stellate fissure, usually numerousstroma Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabircheswoodMinor (10-4)erumpent through stellate fissure, usually numerous stroma is saprobic on wood
wood wood is decayed by effuse colony of Virgaria dematiaceous anamorph Virgaria nigra a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Xylariales: Xylariaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Virgaria nigra/Virgaria nigraa dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyVirgaria dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabircheswood effuse colony of Virgaria dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on wood
wood (Armillaria mellea-decayed) Armillaria mellea-decayed wood is decayed by superficial perithecium Lasiosphaeria ovina Woolly Woodwart Sordariales: Lasiosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Sordariales/Lasiosphaeriaceae/Lasiosphaeria ovina/Lasiosphaeria ovinawoolly woodwartsuperficialperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesArmillaria mellea-decayedwood (9-4)superficial perithecium is saprobic on Armillaria mellea-decayed wood
wood (burnt (within 1-5 years)) burnt (within 1-5 years) wood is decayed by superficial stroma UK/IrelandMajor Daldinia loculata Birch Cramp-ball Xylariales: Xylariaceae Notes and Records (July 2001), Henrici, A., 2001
Secondary metabolite profiles, genetic fingerprints and taxonomy of Daldinia and allies, Stadler, M., Wollweber, H., Mühlbauer, A., Henkel, T., Asakawa, Y., Hashimoto, T, 2001
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Daldinia loculata/Daldinia loculatabirch cramp-ballsuperficialstroma Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesburnt (within 1-5 years)woodMajor superficial stroma is saprobic on burnt (within 1-5 years) wood
wood (burnt) burnt wood is decayed by pulvinate, erumpent or superficial stroma UK/Ireland Daldinia fissa Gorse Cramp Ball Xylariales: Xylariaceae Secondary metabolite profiles, genetic fingerprints and taxonomy of Daldinia and allies, Stadler, M., Wollweber, H., Mühlbauer, A., Henkel, T., Asakawa, Y., Hashimoto, T, 2001
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Daldinia fissa/Daldinia fissagorse cramp ballpulvinate, erumpent or superficialstroma Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesburntwood pulvinate, erumpent or superficial stroma is saprobic on burnt wood
wood (damp, rotten) damp, rotten wood is decayed by apothecium Phaeohelotium subcarneum a discomycete Helotiales: Helotiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Phaeohelotium subcarneum/Phaeohelotium subcarneuma discomyceteapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdamp, rottenwood (3-4)apothecium is saprobic on damp, rotten wood
wood (damp, rotting) damp, rotting wood may contain larva Major Rutpela maculata Harlequin Longhorn, Black-and-yellow Longhorn Beetle Coleoptera: Cerambycidae Identification - Longhorn Beetles: Part 1, Duff, A. (Illust: Lewington, R.), 2006
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Cerambycidae/Rutpela maculata/Rutpela maculataharlequin longhorn, black-and-yellow longhorn beetlelarva Foodplant / internal feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdamp, rottingwoodMajor larva feeds within damp, rotting wood
wood (damp, rotting) damp, rotting wood is decayed by synnema of Dendrostilbella anamorph Claussenomyces prasinulus a discomycete Helotiales: Tympanidaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Tympanidaceae/Claussenomyces prasinulus/Claussenomyces prasinulusa discomycetesynnemaDendrostilbella anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdamp, rottingwood (6-10)synnema of Dendrostilbella anamorph is saprobic on damp, rotting wood
wood (damp, rotting) damp, rotting wood is decayed by apothecium Claussenomyces prasinulus a discomycete Helotiales: Tympanidaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Tympanidaceae/Claussenomyces prasinulus/Claussenomyces prasinulusa discomyceteapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdamp, rottingwood (6-10)apothecium is saprobic on damp, rotting wood
wood (dead or rotten) dead or rotten wood is foodplant of Phloeophagus gracilis a weevil Coleoptera: Curculionidae True Weevils (Part I): Family Curculionidae, subfamilies Raymondionyminae to Smicronychinae, Morris, M.G., 2002
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Phloeophagus gracilis/Phloeophagus gracilisa weevil Foodplant / feeds on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead or rottenwood feeds on dead or rotten wood
wood (dead, attached) dead, attached wood is decayed by fruitbody Minor Exidia plana Warlock’s Butter Auriculariales: Auriculariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Auriculariales/Auriculariaceae/Exidia plana/Exidia planawarlock's butterfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, attachedwoodMinor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, attached wood
wood (dead, decayed (very)) dead, decayed (very) wood is decayed by fruitbody Psathyrella lutensis a brittlestem Agaricales: Psathyrellaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Psathyrellaceae/Psathyrella lutensis/Psathyrella lutensisa brittlestemfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayed (very)wood fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed (very) wood
wood (dead, decayed (very)) dead, decayed (very) wood is decayed by fruitbody Rare Pseudotomentella mucidula a resupinate fungus Thelephorales: Thelephoraceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Thelephorales/Thelephoraceae/Pseudotomentella mucidula/Pseudotomentella mucidulaa resupinate fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayed (very)woodRare fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed (very) wood
wood (dead, decayed, buried) dead, decayed, buried wood is decayed by clumped fruitbody Psathyrella cotonea Yellowfoot Brittlestem Agaricales: Psathyrellaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Psathyrellaceae/Psathyrella cotonea/Psathyrella cotoneayellowfoot brittlestemclumpedfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayed, buriedwood clumped fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed, buried wood
wood (dead, decayed, often part buried) dead, decayed, often part buried wood is decayed by fruitbody Minor Pluteus thomsonii Veined Shield Agaricales: Pluteaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Pluteaceae/Pluteus thomsonii/Pluteus thomsoniiveined shieldfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayed, often part buriedwoodMinor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed, often part buried wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Minor Megacollybia platyphylla Whitelaced Shank Agaricales: Marasmiaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Marasmiaceae/Megacollybia platyphylla/Megacollybia platyphyllawhitelaced shankfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwoodMinor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody UK/Ireland Rectipilus bavaricus a cyphelloid Agaricales: Marasmiaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Marasmiaceae/Rectipilus bavaricus/Rectipilus bavaricusa cyphelloidfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwood fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Rare Mycena epipterygioides a bonnet Agaricales: Mycenaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Mycenaceae/Mycena epipterygioides/Mycena epipterygioidesa bonnetfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwoodRare fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Mycena polygramma Grooved Bonnet Agaricales: Mycenaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Mycenaceae/Mycena polygramma/Mycena polygrammagrooved bonnetfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwood fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Major Pluteus inquilinus a shield Agaricales: Pluteaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Pluteaceae/Pluteus inquilinus/Pluteus inquilinusa shieldfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwoodMajor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Minor Pluteus phlebophorus Wrinkled Shield Agaricales: Pluteaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Pluteaceae/Pluteus phlebophorus/Pluteus phlebophoruswrinkled shieldfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwoodMinor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Major Pluteus romellii Goldleaf Shield Agaricales: Pluteaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Pluteaceae/Pluteus romellii/Pluteus romelliigoldleaf shieldfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwoodMajor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Minor Pluteus salicinus Willow Shield Agaricales: Pluteaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Pluteaceae/Pluteus salicinus/Pluteus salicinuswillow shieldfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwoodMinor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Minor Pluteus umbrosus Velvet Shield Agaricales: Pluteaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Pluteaceae/Pluteus umbrosus/Pluteus umbrosusvelvet shieldfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwoodMinor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by clumped fruitbody Psathyrella cotonea Yellowfoot Brittlestem Agaricales: Psathyrellaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Psathyrellaceae/Psathyrella cotonea/Psathyrella cotoneayellowfoot brittlestemclumpedfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwood clumped fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by caespitose fruitbody Rare Psathyrella piluliformis Common Stump Brittlestem Agaricales: Psathyrellaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Psathyrellaceae/Psathyrella piluliformis/Psathyrella piluliformiscommon stump brittlestemcaespitosefruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwoodRare caespitose fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody UK/Ireland Hemipholiota heteroclita a scalycap Agaricales: Strophariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Profiles of Fungi No. 54: Pholiota populnea (Pers.: Fr.) Kuyp. & Tjall., Pegler, D.N. & Legon, N., 1993
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Strophariaceae/Hemipholiota heteroclita/Hemipholiota heteroclitaa scalycapfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwood fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Pholiota tuberculosa a scalycap Agaricales: Strophariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Strophariaceae/Pholiota tuberculosa/Pholiota tuberculosaa scalycapfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwood fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody UK/IrelandRestricted Tubaria confragosa Ringed Twiglet Agaricales: Tubariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Tubariaceae/Tubaria confragosa/Tubaria confragosaringed twigletfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwoodSole fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by basidiome Minor Ceraceomyces tessulatus a resupinate fungus Amylocorticiales: Amylocorticiaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Amylocorticiales/Amylocorticiaceae/Ceraceomyces tessulatus/Ceraceomyces tessulatusa resupinate fungusbasidiome Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwoodMinor basidiome is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Rare Leptosporomyces galzinii a resupinate basidiomycete Atheliales: Atheliaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Atheliales/Atheliaceae/Leptosporomyces galzinii/Leptosporomyces galziniia resupinate basidiomycetefruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwoodRare fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody UK/Ireland Auricularia mesenterica Tripe Fungus Auriculariales: Auriculariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Auriculariales/Auriculariaceae/Auricularia mesenterica/Auricularia mesentericatripe fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwood fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody UK/Ireland Basidiodendron eyrei a basidiomycete fungus Auriculariales Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Auriculariales/Basidiodendron eyrei/Basidiodendron eyreia basidiomycete fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwood fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Minor Stypella dubia a jelly fungus Auriculariales Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Auriculariales/Stypella dubia/Stypella dubiaa jelly fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwoodMinor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Major Stypella subgelatinosa a jelly fungus Auriculariales Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Auriculariales/Stypella subgelatinosa/Stypella subgelatinosaa jelly fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwoodMajor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Major Stypella subhyalina a jelly fungus Auriculariales Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Auriculariales/Stypella subhyalina/Stypella subhyalinaa jelly fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwoodMajor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Rare Serpula himantioides a resupinate bolete Boletales: Serpulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Serpulaceae/Serpula himantioides/Serpula himantioidesa resupinate boletefruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwoodRare fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by basidiome Tulasnella pallida a basidiomycete fungus Cantharellales: Tulasnellaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Cantharellales/Tulasnellaceae/Tulasnella pallida/Tulasnella pallidaa basidiomycete fungusbasidiome Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwood basidiome is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Major Phellinus lundellii Birch Bristle Bracket Hymenochaetales: Hymenochaetaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Hymenochaetales/Hymenochaetaceae/Phellinus lundellii/Phellinus lundelliibirch bristle bracketfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwoodMajor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Major Hyphodontia barba-jovis a resupinate fungus Hymenochaetales: Schizoporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Hymenochaetales/Schizoporaceae/Hyphodontia barba-jovis/Hyphodontia barba-jovisa resupinate fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwoodMajor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Oxyporus obducens a bracket fungus Hymenochaetales: Schizoporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Hymenochaetales/Schizoporaceae/Oxyporus obducens/Oxyporus obducensa bracket fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwood fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Major Schizopora flavipora a resupinate fungus Hymenochaetales: Schizoporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Hymenochaetales/Schizoporaceae/Schizopora flavipora/Schizopora flaviporaa resupinate fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwoodMajor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood may have epiphytic fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Antrodia sinuosa a bracket fungus Polyporales: Fomitopsidaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Fomitopsidaceae/Antrodia sinuosa/Antrodia sinuosaa bracket fungusfruitbody Plant / epiphyteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches?dead, decayedwood fruitbody grows on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Rare Postia balsamea a bracket fungus Polyporales: Fomitopsidaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Fomitopsidaceae/Postia balsamea/Postia balsameaa bracket fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwoodRare fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody UK/Ireland Gloeoporus dichrous a bracket fungus Polyporales: Meruliaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Meruliaceae/Gloeoporus dichrous/Gloeoporus dichrousa bracket fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwood fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Rare Gloeoporus taxicola a bracket fungus Polyporales: Meruliaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Meruliaceae/Gloeoporus taxicola/Gloeoporus taxicolaa bracket fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwoodRare fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody UK/Ireland Hyphoderma albocremeum a resupinate fungus Polyporales: Meruliaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Meruliaceae/Hyphoderma albocremeum/Hyphoderma albocremeuma resupinate fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwood fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Major Phlebia tremellosa Jelly Rot Polyporales: Meruliaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Meruliaceae/Phlebia tremellosa/Phlebia tremellosajelly rotfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwoodMajor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Rare Resinicium bicolor Hallowed Crust Polyporales: Meruliaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Meruliaceae/Resinicium bicolor/Resinicium bicolorhallowed crustfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwoodRare fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Phanerochaete calotricha a resupinate fungus Polyporales: Phanerochaetaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Phanerochaetaceae/Phanerochaete calotricha/Phanerochaete calotrichaa resupinate fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwood fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Phanerochaete laevis a resupinate fungus Polyporales: Phanerochaetaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Phanerochaetaceae/Phanerochaete laevis/Phanerochaete laevisa resupinate fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwood fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Minor Phanerochaete magnoliae a resupinate fungus Polyporales: Phanerochaetaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Phanerochaetaceae/Phanerochaete magnoliae/Phanerochaete magnoliaea resupinate fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwoodMinor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Rare Phanerochaete radicata a resupinate fungus Polyporales: Phanerochaetaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Phanerochaetaceae/Phanerochaete radicata/Phanerochaete radicataa resupinate fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwoodRare fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Minor Phanerochaete sordida a resupinate fungus Polyporales: Phanerochaetaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Phanerochaetaceae/Phanerochaete sordida/Phanerochaete sordidaa resupinate fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwoodMinor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Phanerochaete velutina a resupinate fungus Polyporales: Phanerochaetaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Phanerochaetaceae/Phanerochaete velutina/Phanerochaete velutinaa resupinate fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwood fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Minor Hapalopilus nidulans Cinnamon Bracket, "Gingerbread Fungus" Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Hapalopilus nidulans/Hapalopilus nidulanscinnamon bracket, "gingerbread fungus"fruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwoodMinor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Minor Polyporus ciliatus Fringed Polypore Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Polyporus ciliatus/Polyporus ciliatusfringed polyporefruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwoodMinor (summer)fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Tyromyces chioneus a bracket fungus Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Tyromyces chioneus/Tyromyces chioneusa bracket fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwood fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by Major Laxitextum bicolor a basidiomycete fungus Russulales: Hericiaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Hericiaceae/Laxitextum bicolor/Laxitextum bicolora basidiomycete fungus Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwoodMajor is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Megalocystidium luridum a white-wash fungus Russulales: Stereaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Stereaceae/Megalocystidium luridum/Megalocystidium luriduma white-wash fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwood fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood may have fruitbody UK/Ireland Tomentella subclavigera a resupinate fungus Thelephorales: Thelephoraceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Thelephorales/Thelephoraceae/Tomentella subclavigera/Tomentella subclavigeraa resupinate fungusfruitbody Plant / resting place / onUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwood fruitbody may be found on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Rare Luellia recondita a basidiomycete fungus Trechisporales: Hydnodontaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Trechisporales/Hydnodontaceae/Luellia recondita/Luellia reconditaa basidiomycete fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwoodRare fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Major Trechispora alnicola a basidiomycete fungus Trechisporales: Hydnodontaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Trechisporales/Hydnodontaceae/Trechispora alnicola/Trechispora alnicolaa basidiomycete fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwoodMajor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by Major Helicogloea vestita a ustilaginomycete Atractiellales: Phleogenaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Atractiellales/Phleogenaceae/Helicogloea vestita/Helicogloea vestitaa ustilaginomycete Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayedwoodMajor is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decaying) dead, decaying wood is decayed by fruitbody Rare Tapinella panuoides Oyster Rollrim Boletales: Tapinellaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Tapinellaceae/Tapinella panuoides/Tapinella panuoidesoyster rollrimfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayingwoodRare fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decaying wood
wood (dead, decaying) dead, decaying wood is decayed by fruitbody Minor Polyporus badius Bay Polypore Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Polyporus badius/Polyporus badiusbay polyporefruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decayingwoodMinor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decaying wood
wood (dead, decorticate) dead, decorticate wood is decayed by sessile apothecium Mollisia cinerella a discomycete Helotiales: Dermateaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Mollisia cinerella/Mollisia cinerellaa discomycetesessileapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, decorticatewood (1-8)sessile apothecium is saprobic on dead, decorticate wood
wood (dead, fallen, decayed, esp. wet) dead, fallen, decayed, esp. wet wood is decayed by fruitbody Major Mycoacia fuscoatra a resupinate tooth fungus Polyporales: Meruliaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Meruliaceae/Mycoacia fuscoatra/Mycoacia fuscoatraa resupinate tooth fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayed, esp. wetwoodMajor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed, esp. wet wood
wood (dead, fallen, decayed, white rotted) dead, fallen, decayed, white rotted wood is decayed by fruitbody Mycoacia uda a resupinate tooth fungus Polyporales: Meruliaceae Profiles of Fungi No. 90: Mycoacia uda (Fr.) Donk, Pegler, D.N. & Legon, N.W., 1998
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Meruliaceae/Mycoacia uda/Mycoacia udaa resupinate tooth fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayed, white rottedwood fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed, white rotted wood
wood (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Rare Mucronella calva Swarming Spine Agaricales: Clavariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Clavariaceae/Mucronella calva/Mucronella calvaswarming spinefruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedwoodRare fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed wood
wood (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Rare Pholiota flammans Flaming Scalycap Agaricales: Strophariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Strophariaceae/Pholiota flammans/Pholiota flammansflaming scalycapfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedwoodRare fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed wood
wood (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Rare Pholiota scamba a scalycap Agaricales: Strophariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Strophariaceae/Pholiota scamba/Pholiota scambaa scalycapfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedwoodRare fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed wood
wood (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Minor Postia subcaesia Blueing Bracket Polyporales: Fomitopsidaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Fomitopsidaceae/Postia subcaesia/Postia subcaesiablueing bracketfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedwoodMinor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed wood
wood (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Postia wakefieldiae a bracket fungus Polyporales: Fomitopsidaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Fomitopsidaceae/Postia wakefieldiae/Postia wakefieldiaea bracket fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedwood fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed wood
wood (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Hypochnicium bombycinum a resupinate basidiomycete Polyporales: Meruliaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Meruliaceae/Hypochnicium bombycinum/Hypochnicium bombycinuma resupinate basidiomycetefruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedwood fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed wood
wood (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Hypochnicium eichleri Polyporales: Meruliaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Meruliaceae/Hypochnicium eichleri/Hypochnicium eichlerifruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedwood fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed wood
wood (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Hypochnicium erikssonii a resupinate basidiomycete Polyporales: Meruliaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Meruliaceae/Hypochnicium erikssonii/Hypochnicium erikssoniia resupinate basidiomycetefruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedwood fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed wood
wood (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Mycoacia nothofagi Fragrant Toothcrust Polyporales: Meruliaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Meruliaceae/Mycoacia nothofagi/Mycoacia nothofagifragrant toothcrustfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedwood fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed wood
wood (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Minor Steccherinum fimbriatum a resupinate spine fungus Polyporales: Meruliaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Meruliaceae/Steccherinum fimbriatum/Steccherinum fimbriatuma resupinate spine fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedwoodMinor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed wood
wood (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Minor Trametes gibbosa Lumpy Bracket Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Trametes gibbosa/Trametes gibbosalumpy bracketfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedwoodMinor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed wood
wood (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed wood is decayed by Minor Helicogloea lagerheimii a ustilaginomycete Atractiellales: Phleogenaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Atractiellales/Phleogenaceae/Helicogloea lagerheimii/Helicogloea lagerheimiia ustilaginomycete Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayedwoodMinor is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed wood
wood (dead, fallen, decaying, wet) dead, fallen, decaying, wet wood is decayed by fruitbody Mycocalia minutissima Tiny Mycocalia Agaricales: Agaricaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Agaricaceae/Mycocalia minutissima/Mycocalia minutissimatiny mycocaliafruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decaying, wetwood fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decaying, wet wood
wood (dead, fallen, decaying) dead, fallen, decaying wood is decayed by fruitbody Hyphodontia subalutacea a resupinate fungus Hymenochaetales: Schizoporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Hymenochaetales/Schizoporaceae/Hyphodontia subalutacea/Hyphodontia subalutaceaa resupinate fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallen, decayingwood fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decaying wood
wood (dead, fallen) dead, fallen wood is decayed by stroma UK/Ireland Hypocrea pilulifera a pyrenomycete Hypocreales: Hypocreaceae Hypocrea placentula and its Trichoderma anamorph., Spooner, B.M. & Williams, M.A.J., 1990
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Hypocreaceae/Hypocrea pilulifera/Hypocrea piluliferaa pyrenomycetestroma Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallenwood stroma is saprobic on dead, fallen wood
wood (dead, fallen) dead, fallen wood is decayed by fruitbody Minor Exidia plana Warlock’s Butter Auriculariales: Auriculariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Auriculariales/Auriculariaceae/Exidia plana/Exidia planawarlock's butterfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallenwoodMinor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen wood
wood (dead, fallen) dead, fallen wood is decayed by fruitbody Minor Exidia thuretiana White Brain Auriculariales: Auriculariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Auriculariales/Auriculariaceae/Exidia thuretiana/Exidia thuretianawhite brainfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, fallenwoodMinor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen wood
wood (dead, hard, decorticate) dead, hard, decorticate wood is decayed by stalked, clustered basidiocarp UK/Ireland Phleogena faginea Fenugreek Stalkball Atractiellales: Phleogenaceae Profiles of Fungi No. 62: Phleogena faginea (Fr.:Fr.) Link, Cook, P., 1994
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Atractiellales/Phleogenaceae/Phleogena faginea/Phleogena fagineafenugreek stalkballstalked, clusteredbasidiocarp Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, hard, decorticatewood (10-2)stalked, clustered basidiocarp is saprobic on dead, hard, decorticate wood
wood (dead, often rotten) dead, often rotten wood is decayed by erumpent perithecium Chaetosphaeria pulviscula a pyrenomycete Chaetosphaeriales: Chaetosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Chaetosphaeriales/Chaetosphaeriaceae/Chaetosphaeria pulviscula/Chaetosphaeria pulvisculaa pyrenomyceteerumpentperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, often rottenwood (10-4)erumpent perithecium is saprobic on dead, often rotten wood
wood (dead, often rotten) dead, often rotten wood is decayed by colony of Menispora dematiaceous anamorph Chaetosphaeria pulviscula a pyrenomycete Chaetosphaeriales: Chaetosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Chaetosphaeriales/Chaetosphaeriaceae/Chaetosphaeria pulviscula/Chaetosphaeria pulvisculaa pyrenomycetecolonyMenispora dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, often rottenwood (10-4)colony of Menispora dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead, often rotten wood
wood (dead, often rotting) dead, often rotting wood is decayed by effuse colony of Diplococcium dematiaceous anamorph Diplococcium spicatum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Sordariales: Helminthosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Sordariales/Helminthosphaeriaceae/Diplococcium spicatum/Diplococcium spicatuma dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyDiplococcium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, often rottingwood effuse colony of Diplococcium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead, often rotting wood
wood (dead, sodden, decayed) dead, sodden, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Minor Rigidoporus undatus a bracket fungus Polyporales: Meripilaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Meripilaceae/Rigidoporus undatus/Rigidoporus undatusa bracket fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, sodden, decayedwoodMinor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, sodden, decayed wood
wood (dead, very decayed) dead, very decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Minor Pluteus podospileus a shield Agaricales: Pluteaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Pluteaceae/Pluteus podospileus/Pluteus podospileusa shieldfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, very decayedwoodMinor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, very decayed wood
wood (dead, white-rotten) dead, white-rotten wood is decayed by bracket UK/IrelandMajor Daedaleopsis confragosa Blushing Bracket Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Attempts at active protection of Inonotus obliquus by inoculating birches with its mycelium, Pietka, J. & Grzywacz, A., 2006
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Daedaleopsis confragosa/Daedaleopsis confragosablushing bracketbracket Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, white-rottenwoodMajor bracket is saprobic on dead, white-rotten wood
wood (dead, white-rotten) dead, white-rotten wood is decayed by fruitbody UK/IrelandMajor Fomes fomentarius Hoof Fungus, Tinder Bracket Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Attempts at active protection of Inonotus obliquus by inoculating birches with its mycelium, Pietka, J. & Grzywacz, A., 2006
Bioimages - the Virtual Field Guide, Storey, M.W., 2015
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Fomes fomentarius/Fomes fomentariushoof fungus, tinder bracketfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, white-rottenwoodMajor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, white-rotten wood
wood (dead, white-spotted) dead, white-spotted wood is decayed by minute, subglobose, pale blackish-blue pycnidium of Rhabdospora coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Rhabdospora fibriseda a coelomycete Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Rhabdospora fibriseda/Rhabdospora fibrisedaa coelomyceteminute, subglobose, pale blackish-bluepycnidiumRhabdospora coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdead, white-spottedwood (12)minute, subglobose, pale blackish-blue pycnidium of Rhabdospora coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead, white-spotted wood
wood (dead) dead wood may contain larva Major Leptura quadrifasciata Four-banded Longhorn Beetle Coleoptera: Cerambycidae Identification - Longhorn Beetles: Part 1, Duff, A. (Illust: Lewington, R.), 2006
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Cerambycidae/Leptura quadrifasciata/Leptura quadrifasciatafour-banded longhorn beetlelarva Foodplant / internal feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdeadwoodMajor larva feeds within dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood is foodplant of larva Pachytodes cerambyciformis Speckled Longhorn Beetle Coleoptera: Cerambycidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
Identification - Longhorn Beetles: Part 1, Duff, A. (Illust: Lewington, R.), 2006
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Cerambycidae/Pachytodes cerambyciformis/Pachytodes cerambyciformisspeckled longhorn beetlelarva Foodplant / feeds on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadwood larva feeds on dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood may contain larva Rhagium bifasciatum Two-banded Longhorn Beetle Coleoptera: Cerambycidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Cerambycidae/Rhagium (Hagrium) bifasciatum/Rhagium (Hagrium) bifasciatumtwo-banded longhorn beetlelarva Foodplant / internal feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadwood larva feeds within dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood may house imago Sinodendron cylindricum Rhinoceros Beetle Coleoptera: Lucanidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Lucanidae/Sinodendron cylindricum/Sinodendron cylindricumrhinoceros beetleimago Plant / resting place / within /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadwood imago may be found in dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by punctiform or effuse colony of Bispora dematiaceous anamorph Bispora betulina a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Bispora betulina/Bispora betulinaa dematiaceous anamorphic funguspunctiform or effusecolonyBispora dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadwood punctiform or effuse colony of Bispora dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by effuse colony of Cacumisporium dematiaceous anamorph Cacumisporium capitulatum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Cacumisporium capitulatum/Cacumisporium capitulatuma dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyCacumisporium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadwood effuse colony of Cacumisporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by effuse colony of Cordana dematiaceous anamorph Cordana pauciseptata a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Cordana pauciseptata/Cordana pauciseptataa dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyCordana dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadwood effuse colony of Cordana dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by hysterothecium Acrogenospora megalospora an ascomycete Hysteriales: Hysteriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Hysteriales/Hysteriaceae/Acrogenospora megalospora/Acrogenospora megalosporaan ascomycetehysterothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadwood (2-4)hysterothecium is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by effuse colony of Acrogenospora dematiaceous anamorph Acrogenospora megalospora an ascomycete Hysteriales: Hysteriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Hysteriales/Hysteriaceae/Acrogenospora megalospora/Acrogenospora megalosporaan ascomyceteeffusecolonyAcrogenospora dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadwood (2-4)effuse colony of Acrogenospora dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by Periconia dematiaceous anamorph Periconia cambrensis a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Pleosporales Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Periconia cambrensis/Periconia cambrensisa dematiaceous anamorphic fungusPericonia dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadwood (8-4)Periconia dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by grouped, superficial pseudothecium Tubeufia cerea an ascomycete Pleosporales: Tubeufiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Tubeufiaceae/Tubeufia cerea/Tubeufia cereaan ascomycetegrouped, superficialpseudothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadwood (4-10)grouped, superficial pseudothecium is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by colony of Helicosporium dematiaceous anamorph Tubeufia cerea an ascomycete Pleosporales: Tubeufiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Tubeufiaceae/Tubeufia cerea/Tubeufia cereaan ascomycetecolonyHelicosporium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadwood (4-10)colony of Helicosporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by sessile apothecium Mollisia cinerea Common Grey Disco Helotiales: Dermateaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Mollisia cinerea/Mollisia cinereacommon grey discosessileapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadwood (1-12)sessile apothecium is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by sessile apothecium Mollisia melaleuca a discomycete Helotiales: Dermateaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Mollisia melaleuca/Mollisia melaleucaa discomycetesessileapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadwood (10-5)sessile apothecium is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by effuse colony of Pseudospiropes dematiaceous anamorph UK/Ireland Strossmayeria atriseda a discomycete Helotiales: Helotiaceae Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Strossmayeria atriseda/Strossmayeria atrisedaa discomyceteeffusecolonyPseudospiropes dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadwood effuse colony of Pseudospiropes dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by effuse colony of Endophragmiella dematiaceous anamorph Endophragmiella ellisii a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Sordariales: Helminthosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Sordariales/Helminthosphaeriaceae/Endophragmiella ellisii/Endophragmiella ellisiia dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyEndophragmiella dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadwood (9-5)effuse colony of Endophragmiella dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by effuse colony of Spadicoides dematiaceous anamorph UK/Ireland Spadicoides bina a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Sordariales: Helminthosphaeriaceae Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Sordariales/Helminthosphaeriaceae/Spadicoides bina/Spadicoides binaa dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonySpadicoides dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadwood (1-12)effuse colony of Spadicoides dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by stroma Eutypa flavovirens a stromatic pyrenomycete Xylariales: Diatrypaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Diatrypaceae/Eutypa flavovirens/Eutypa flavovirensa stromatic pyrenomycetestroma Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadwood (1-12)stroma is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by stromatic, immersed perithecium Eutypa flavovirens a stromatic pyrenomycete Xylariales: Diatrypaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Diatrypaceae/Eutypa flavovirens/Eutypa flavovirensa stromatic pyrenomycetestromatic, immersedperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadwood (1-12)stromatic, immersed perithecium is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by effuse colony of Taeniolina anamorph Taeniolina scripta a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Taeniolina scripta/Taeniolina scriptaa dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyTaeniolina anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadwood effuse colony of Taeniolina anamorph is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by fruitbody Panellus stipticus Bitter Oysterling, "Sticky Fingers" Agaricales: Mycenaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Mycenaceae/Panellus stipticus/Panellus stipticusbitter oysterling, "sticky fingers"fruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadwood fruitbody is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by fruitbody UK/Ireland Armillaria borealis Northern Honey Fungus Agaricales: Physalacriaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Physalacriaceae/Armillaria borealis/Armillaria borealisnorthern honey fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadwood fruitbody is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by fruitbody Flammulina velutipes var velutipes Velvet Shank, Winter Fungus Agaricales: Physalacriaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Physalacriaceae/Flammulina velutipes var. velutipes/Flammulina velutipes var. velutipesvelvet shank, winter fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadwood fruitbody is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by fruitbody Hohenbuehelia fluxilis an oyster fungus Agaricales: Pleurotaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Pleurotaceae/Hohenbuehelia fluxilis/Hohenbuehelia fluxilisan oyster fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadwood fruitbody is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood of litter is decayed by fruitbody Macrotyphula fistulosa var contorta Contorted Pipe Club Agaricales: Typhulaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Typhulaceae/Macrotyphula fistulosa var. contorta/Macrotyphula fistulosa var. contortacontorted pipe clubfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadwoodlitter fruitbody is saprobic on dead wood of litter
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by effuse colony of Acladium anamorph Botryobasidium conspersum a resupinate fungus Cantharellales: Botryobasidiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Cantharellales/Botryobasidiaceae/Botryobasidium conspersum/Botryobasidium conspersuma resupinate funguseffusecolonyAcladium anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadwood effuse colony of Acladium anamorph is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by fruitbody Major Ischnoderma resinosum a bracket fungus Polyporales: Fomitopsidaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Fomitopsidaceae/Ischnoderma resinosum/Ischnoderma resinosuma bracket fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdeadwoodMajor fruitbody is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by fruitbody Postia ceriflua a bracket fungus Polyporales: Fomitopsidaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Fomitopsidaceae/Postia ceriflua/Postia cerifluaa bracket fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadwood fruitbody is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by fruitbody Major Lentinus brumalis Winter Polypore Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Lentinus brumalis/Lentinus brumaliswinter polyporefruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdeadwoodMajor (early winter-early spring)fruitbody is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by fruitbody UK/Ireland Pycnoporus cinnabarinus Cinnabar Bracket Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Pycnoporus cinnabarinus/Pycnoporus cinnabarinuscinnabar bracketfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadwood fruitbody is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by fruitbody Major Trametes hirsuta Hairy Bracket Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Trametes hirsuta/Trametes hirsutahairy bracketfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdeadwoodMajor fruitbody is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by fruitbody Trametes ochracea Ochre Bracket Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Trametes ochracea/Trametes ochraceaochre bracketfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdeadwood fruitbody is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by fruitbody Major Trametes pubescens a bracket fungus Polyporales: Polyporaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Trametes pubescens/Trametes pubescensa bracket fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdeadwoodMajor fruitbody is saprobic on dead wood
wood (decayed, buried) decayed, buried wood is decayed by fruitbody Major Gymnopus erythropus Redleg Toughshank Agaricales: Omphalotaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Omphalotaceae/Gymnopus erythropus/Gymnopus erythropusredleg toughshankfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdecayed, buriedwoodMajor fruitbody is saprobic on decayed, buried wood
wood (decayed, dead) decayed, dead wood is decayed by fruitbody Junghuhnia lacera a bracket fungus Polyporales: Meruliaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Meruliaceae/Junghuhnia lacera/Junghuhnia laceraa bracket fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdecayed, deadwood fruitbody is saprobic on decayed, dead wood
wood (decayed, dead) decayed, dead wood is decayed by fruitbody Junghuhnia nitida a bracket fungus Polyporales: Meruliaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Meruliaceae/Junghuhnia nitida/Junghuhnia nitidaa bracket fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdecayed, deadwood fruitbody is saprobic on decayed, dead wood
wood (decayed, fallen) decayed, fallen wood is decayed by fruitbody UK/Ireland Byssocorticium efibulatum a resupinate fungus Atheliales: Atheliaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Atheliales/Atheliaceae/Byssocorticium efibulatum/Byssocorticium efibulatuma resupinate fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdecayed, fallenwood fruitbody is saprobic on decayed, fallen wood
wood (decayed, soft white-rotted) decayed, soft white-rotted wood is decayed by basidiome Minor Ceriporiopsis pannocincta Green Porecrust Polyporales: Phanerochaetaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Profiles of Fungi No. 46: Gelatoporia pannocincta (Rom.) Niemala, Pegler, D.N. & Legon, N., 1992
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Phanerochaetaceae/Ceriporiopsis pannocincta/Ceriporiopsis pannocinctagreen porecrustbasidiome Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdecayed, soft white-rottedwoodMinor basidiome is saprobic on decayed, soft white-rotted wood
wood (decayed) decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody UK/Ireland Crepidotus applanatus var applanatus Flat Oysterling Agaricales: Inocybaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Inocybaceae/Crepidotus applanatus var. applanatus/Crepidotus applanatus var. applanatusflat oysterlingfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdecayedwood fruitbody is saprobic on decayed wood
wood (decayed) decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Minor Hemimycena tortuosa Dewdrop Bonnet Agaricales: Mycenaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Mycenaceae/Hemimycena tortuosa/Hemimycena tortuosadewdrop bonnetfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdecayedwoodMinor fruitbody is saprobic on decayed wood
wood (decayed) decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody UK/Ireland Armillaria ostoyae Dark Honey Fungus Agaricales: Physalacriaceae Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woods, Orton, P.D., 1986
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Physalacriaceae/Armillaria ostoyae/Armillaria ostoyaedark honey fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdecayedwood fruitbody is saprobic on decayed wood
wood (decayed) decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Coprinopsis romagnesiana an inkcap Agaricales: Psathyrellaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Psathyrellaceae/Coprinopsis romagnesiana/Coprinopsis romagnesianaan inkcapfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdecayedwood fruitbody is saprobic on decayed wood
wood (decayed) decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Major Gymnopilus junonius Spectacular Rustgill Agaricales: Strophariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Strophariaceae/Gymnopilus junonius/Gymnopilus junoniusspectacular rustgillfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdecayedwoodMajor fruitbody is saprobic on decayed wood
wood (decayed) decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Minor Gymnopilus penetrans Common Rustgill Agaricales: Strophariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Strophariaceae/Gymnopilus penetrans/Gymnopilus penetranscommon rustgillfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdecayedwoodMinor fruitbody is saprobic on decayed wood
wood (decayed) decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody UK/Ireland Athelopsis glaucina a basidiomycete Atheliales: Atheliaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Atheliales/Atheliaceae/Athelopsis glaucina/Athelopsis glaucinaa basidiomycetefruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdecayedwood fruitbody is saprobic on decayed wood
wood (decayed) decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody UK/Ireland Basidiodendron caesiocinereum a basidiomycete fungus Auriculariales Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Auriculariales/Basidiodendron caesiocinereum/Basidiodendron caesiocinereuma basidiomycete fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdecayedwood fruitbody is saprobic on decayed wood
wood (decayed) decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody UK/IrelandMajor Botryobasidium laeve a resupinate fungus Cantharellales: Botryobasidiaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Cantharellales/Botryobasidiaceae/Botryobasidium laeve/Botryobasidium laevea resupinate fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdecayedwoodMajor fruitbody is saprobic on decayed wood
wood (decayed) decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody UK/Ireland Botryohypochnus isabellinus a resupinate fungus Cantharellales: Botryobasidiaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Cantharellales/Botryobasidiaceae/Botryohypochnus isabellinus/Botryohypochnus isabellinusa resupinate fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdecayedwood fruitbody is saprobic on decayed wood
wood (decayed) decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody UK/Ireland Calocera pallidospathulata Pale Stagshorn Dacrymycetales: Dacrymycetaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Dacrymycetales/Dacrymycetaceae/Calocera pallidospathulata/Calocera pallidospathulatapale stagshornfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdecayedwood (1-12)fruitbody is saprobic on decayed wood
wood (decayed) decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody UK/Ireland Ditiola peziziformis a jelly fungus Dacrymycetales: Dacrymycetaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Dacrymycetales/Dacrymycetaceae/Ditiola peziziformis/Ditiola peziziformisa jelly fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdecayedwood fruitbody is saprobic on decayed wood
wood (decayed) decayed wood may have epiphytic fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Antrodia xantha Yellow Porecrust Polyporales: Fomitopsidaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Fomitopsidaceae/Antrodia xantha/Antrodia xanthayellow porecrustfruitbody Plant / epiphyteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches?decayedwood fruitbody grows on decayed wood
wood (decayed) decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody UK/Ireland Bjerkandera fumosa Big Smoky Bracket Polyporales: Meruliaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Meruliaceae/Bjerkandera fumosa/Bjerkandera fumosabig smoky bracketfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdecayedwood fruitbody is saprobic on decayed wood
wood (decayed) decayed wood may have epiphytic fruitbody UK/Ireland Antrodiella onychoides a bracket fungus Polyporales: Phanerochaetaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Phanerochaetaceae/Antrodiella onychoides/Antrodiella onychoidesa bracket fungusfruitbody Plant / epiphyteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdecayedwood fruitbody grows on decayed wood
wood (decayed) decayed wood may have epiphytic fruitbody UK/Ireland Antrodiella semisupina a bracket fungus Polyporales: Phanerochaetaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Phanerochaetaceae/Antrodiella semisupina/Antrodiella semisupinaa bracket fungusfruitbody Plant / epiphyteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdecayedwood fruitbody grows on decayed wood
wood (decayed) decayed wood is decayed by basidiome Minor Ceriporia metamorphosa a basidiomycete fungus Polyporales: Phanerochaetaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Phanerochaetaceae/Ceriporia metamorphosa/Ceriporia metamorphosaa basidiomycete fungusbasidiome Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdecayedwoodMinor basidiome is saprobic on decayed wood
wood (decayed) decayed wood is decayed by basidiome Major Ceriporia viridans a basidiomycete fungus Polyporales: Phanerochaetaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Phanerochaetaceae/Ceriporia viridans/Ceriporia viridansa basidiomycete fungusbasidiome Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdecayedwoodMajor basidiome is saprobic on decayed wood
wood (decayed) decayed wood is decayed by basidiome Minor Ceriporiopsis gilvescens Pink Porecrust Polyporales: Phanerochaetaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Phanerochaetaceae/Ceriporiopsis gilvescens/Ceriporiopsis gilvescenspink porecrustbasidiome Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesdecayedwoodMinor basidiome is saprobic on decayed wood
wood (decayed) decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Questionable Gloeophyllum sepiarium Conifer Mazegill Gloeophyllales: Gloeophyllaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Gloeophyllales/Gloeophyllaceae/Gloeophyllum sepiarium/Gloeophyllum sepiariumconifer mazegillfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches?decayedwood fruitbody is saprobic on decayed wood
wood (decorticate) decorticate wood is decayed by apothecium Orbilia xanthostigma Common Glasscup Orbiliales: Orbiliaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Orbiliomycetes/Orbiliales/Orbiliaceae/Orbilia xanthostigma/Orbilia xanthostigmacommon glasscupapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdecorticatewood (1-12)apothecium is saprobic on decorticate wood
wood (decorticated) decorticated wood is decayed by erumpent apothecium Bisporella citrina Lemon Disco Helotiales: Helotiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Bisporella citrina/Bisporella citrinalemon discoerumpentapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdecorticatedwood (9-12)erumpent apothecium is saprobic on decorticated wood
wood (fallen, dead) fallen, dead wood is decayed by sporodochium of Cryptocoryneum dematiaceous anamorph Cryptocoryneum condensatum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Cryptocoryneum condensatum/Cryptocoryneum condensatuma dematiaceous anamorphic fungussporodochiumCryptocoryneum dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesfallen, deadwood sporodochium of Cryptocoryneum dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on fallen, dead wood
wood (fallen, decayed) fallen, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody UK/IrelandMinor Byssomerulius corium Netted Crust Polyporales: Phanerochaetaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Phanerochaetaceae/Byssomerulius corium/Byssomerulius coriumnetted crustfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesfallen, decayedwoodMinor fruitbody is saprobic on fallen, decayed wood
wood (fallen, decayed) fallen, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Minor Hericium cirrhatum Tiered Tooth Russulales: Hericiaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Hericiaceae/Hericium cirrhatum/Hericium cirrhatumtiered toothfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesfallen, decayedwoodMinor fruitbody is saprobic on fallen, decayed wood
wood (hard, barely decayed) hard, barely decayed wood is decayed by bracket UK/IrelandQuestionable Daedalea quercina Oak Mazegill Polyporales: Fomitopsidaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Profiles of Fungi No. 136: Daedalea quercina, Legon, N.W., 2006
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Fomitopsidaceae/Daedalea quercina/Daedalea quercinaoak mazegillbracket Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches?hard, barely decayedwood bracket is saprobic on hard, barely decayed wood
wood (moribund) moribund wood is parasitised by fruitbody Flammulina velutipes var velutipes Velvet Shank, Winter Fungus Agaricales: Physalacriaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Physalacriaceae/Flammulina velutipes var. velutipes/Flammulina velutipes var. velutipesvelvet shank, winter fungusfruitbody Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesmoribundwood fruitbody parasitises moribund wood
wood (partially burnt) partially burnt wood may have epiphytic fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Antrodia sinuosa a bracket fungus Polyporales: Fomitopsidaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Fomitopsidaceae/Antrodia sinuosa/Antrodia sinuosaa bracket fungusfruitbody Plant / epiphyteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches?partially burntwood fruitbody grows on partially burnt wood
wood (rotten, decorticate) rotten, decorticate wood is decayed by gregarious apothecium Bulgariella pulla a discomycete Helotiales: Helotiaceae Profiles of Fungi No. 37: Bulgariella pulla (Fr.) P. Karsten, Bell, A. & Mahoney, D.P., 1991
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Bulgariella pulla/Bulgariella pullaa discomycetegregariousapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrotten, decorticatewood (9-10)gregarious apothecium is saprobic on rotten, decorticate wood
wood (rotten) rotten wood may house hibernating naked prepupa Questionable Allantus togatus a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Allantus togatus/Allantus togatusa sawflynakedprepupa Plant / hibernates / within /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches?rottenwood naked prepupa hibernates inside rotten wood
wood (rotten) rotten wood is decayed by effuse colony of Actinocladium anamorph Actinocladium rhodosporum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Actinocladium rhodosporum/Actinocladium rhodosporuma dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyActinocladium anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottenwood effuse colony of Actinocladium anamorph is saprobic on rotten wood
wood (rotten) rotten wood is decayed by effuse colony of Camposporium dematiaceous anamorph Camposporium cambrense a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Camposporium cambrense/Camposporium cambrensea dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyCamposporium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottenwood (1-12)effuse colony of Camposporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on rotten wood
wood (rotten) rotten wood is decayed by effuse colony of Acrogenospora anamorph Acrogenospora sphaerocephala a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Hysteriales: Hysteriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Hysteriales/Hysteriaceae/Acrogenospora sphaerocephala/Acrogenospora sphaerocephalaa dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyAcrogenospora anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottenwood effuse colony of Acrogenospora anamorph is saprobic on rotten wood
wood (rotten) rotten wood is decayed by effuse colony of Dictyosporium dematiaceous anamorph Dictyosporium toruloides a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Pleosporales Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Dictyosporium toruloides/Dictyosporium toruloidesa dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyDictyosporium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottenwood (1-12)effuse colony of Dictyosporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on rotten wood
wood (rotten) rotten wood is decayed by colony of Monodictys dematiaceous anamorph UK/Ireland Monodictys putredinis a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Monodictys putredinis/Monodictys putredinisa dematiaceous anamorphic funguscolonyMonodictys dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottenwood colony of Monodictys dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on rotten wood
wood (rotten) rotten wood is decayed by superficial or immersed pseudothecium Capronia pilosella an ascomycete Chaetothyriales: Herpotrichiellaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Eurotiomycetes/Chaetothyriales/Herpotrichiellaceae/Capronia pilosella/Capronia pilosellaan ascomycetesuperficial or immersedpseudothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottenwood superficial or immersed pseudothecium is saprobic on rotten wood
wood (rotten) rotten wood is decayed by effuse colony of Graphium dematiaceous anamorph Graphium calicioides a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Chaetothyriales: Herpotrichiellaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Eurotiomycetes/Chaetothyriales/Herpotrichiellaceae/Graphium calicioides/Graphium calicioidesa dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyGraphium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottenwood (9-5)effuse colony of Graphium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on rotten wood
wood (rotten) rotten wood is decayed by Oidiodendron dematiaceous anamorph Oidiodendron griseum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Onygenales: Myxotrichaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Eurotiomycetes/Onygenales/Myxotrichaceae/Oidiodendron griseum/Oidiodendron griseuma dematiaceous anamorphic fungusOidiodendron dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottenwood (9-1)Oidiodendron dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on rotten wood
wood (rotten) rotten wood is decayed by subiculate, sessile apothecium Major Arachnopeziza aurata a discomycete Helotiales: Arachnopezizaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Arachnopezizaceae/Arachnopeziza aurata/Arachnopeziza aurataa discomycetesubiculate, sessileapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesrottenwoodMajor (1-7)subiculate, sessile apothecium is saprobic on rotten wood
wood (rotten) rotten wood is decayed by apothecium Phaeohelotium flexuosum a discomycete Helotiales: Helotiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Phaeohelotium flexuosum/Phaeohelotium flexuosuma discomyceteapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottenwood (10-7)apothecium is saprobic on rotten wood
wood (rotten) rotten wood is decayed by apothecium Orbilia coccinella a glasscup Orbiliales: Orbiliaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Orbiliomycetes/Orbiliales/Orbiliaceae/Orbilia coccinella/Orbilia coccinellaa glasscupapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottenwood (9-10)apothecium is saprobic on rotten wood
wood (rotten) rotten wood is decayed by immersed perithecium Lentomitella cirrhosa a pyrenomycete Boliniales: Boliniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Boliniales/Boliniaceae/Lentomitella cirrhosa/Lentomitella cirrhosaa pyrenomyceteimmersedperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottenwood (good condition: 4-5)immersed perithecium is saprobic on rotten wood
wood (rotten) rotten wood is decayed by effuse colony of Sporoschisma dematiaceous anamorph Melanochaeta aotearoae an ascomycete Chaetosphaeriales: Chaetosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Chaetosphaeriales/Chaetosphaeriaceae/Melanochaeta aotearoae/Melanochaeta aotearoaean ascomyceteeffusecolonySporoschisma dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottenwood effuse colony of Sporoschisma dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on rotten wood
wood (rotten) rotten wood is decayed by superficial stroma Hypocrea argillacea a stromatic pyrenomycete Hypocreales: Hypocreaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Hypocreaceae/Hypocrea argillacea/Hypocrea argillaceaa stromatic pyrenomycetesuperficialstroma Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottenwood (10-3)superficial stroma is saprobic on rotten wood
wood (rotten) rotten wood is decayed by superficial stroma Hypocrea minutispora a stromatic pyrenomycete Hypocreales: Hypocreaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Hypocreaceae/Hypocrea minutispora/Hypocrea minutisporaa stromatic pyrenomycetesuperficialstroma Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottenwood (7-11)superficial stroma is saprobic on rotten wood
wood (rotten) rotten wood is decayed by colony of Trichoderma dematiaceous anamorph Hypocrea minutispora a stromatic pyrenomycete Hypocreales: Hypocreaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Hypocreaceae/Hypocrea minutispora/Hypocrea minutisporaa stromatic pyrenomycetecolonyTrichoderma dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottenwood colony of Trichoderma dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on rotten wood
wood (rotten) rotten wood is decayed by effuse colony of Endophragmiella dematiaceous anamorph Endophragmiella fallacia a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Sordariales: Helminthosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Sordariales/Helminthosphaeriaceae/Endophragmiella fallacia/Endophragmiella fallaciaa dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyEndophragmiella dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottenwood effuse colony of Endophragmiella dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on rotten wood
wood (rotten) rotten wood is decayed by effuse colony of Brachysporium dematiaceous anamorph Brachysporium bloxamii a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Trichosphaeriales: Trichosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Trichosphaeriales/Trichosphaeriaceae/Brachysporium bloxamii/Brachysporium bloxamiia dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyBrachysporium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottenwood effuse colony of Brachysporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on rotten wood
wood (rotten) rotten wood is decayed by effuse colony of Brachysporium dematiaceous anamorph Brachysporium britannicum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Trichosphaeriales: Trichosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Trichosphaeriales/Trichosphaeriaceae/Brachysporium britannicum/Brachysporium britannicuma dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyBrachysporium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottenwood effuse colony of Brachysporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on rotten wood
wood (rotten) rotten wood is decayed by effuse colony of Brachysporium dematiaceous anamorph Brachysporium nigrum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Trichosphaeriales: Trichosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Trichosphaeriales/Trichosphaeriaceae/Brachysporium nigrum/Brachysporium nigruma dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyBrachysporium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottenwood effuse colony of Brachysporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on rotten wood
wood (rotten) rotten wood is decayed by effuse colony of Brachysporium dematiaceous anamorph Brachysporium obovatum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Trichosphaeriales: Trichosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Trichosphaeriales/Trichosphaeriaceae/Brachysporium obovatum/Brachysporium obovatuma dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyBrachysporium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottenwood effuse colony of Brachysporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on rotten wood
wood (rotten) rotten wood is decayed by effuse colony of Alysidium anamorph Alysidium resinae a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Cantharellales: Botryobasidiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Cantharellales/Botryobasidiaceae/Alysidium resinae/Alysidium resinaea dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyAlysidium anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottenwood effuse colony of Alysidium anamorph is saprobic on rotten wood
wood (rotten) rotten wood is decayed by effuse colony of Alysidium anamorph Botryobasidium aureum a resupinate fungus Cantharellales: Botryobasidiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Cantharellales/Botryobasidiaceae/Botryobasidium aureum/Botryobasidium aureuma resupinate funguseffusecolonyAlysidium anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottenwood effuse colony of Alysidium anamorph is saprobic on rotten wood
wood (rotten) rotten wood is decayed by effuse colony of Alysidium anamorph Botryobasidium candicans a resupinate fungus Cantharellales: Botryobasidiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Cantharellales/Botryobasidiaceae/Botryobasidium candicans/Botryobasidium candicansa resupinate funguseffusecolonyAlysidium anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottenwood (1-12)effuse colony of Alysidium anamorph is saprobic on rotten wood
wood (rotting) rotting wood is decayed by superficial, closely packed in large clusters perithecium Ruzenia spermoides a pyrenomycete Sordariales: Lasiosphaeriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Sordariales/Lasiosphaeriaceae/Ruzenia spermoides/Ruzenia spermoidesa pyrenomycetesuperficial, closely packed in large clustersperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesrottingwood (11-4)superficial, closely packed in large clusters perithecium is saprobic on rotting wood
wood (sawdust-packed tunnel in dead) sawdust-packed tunnel in dead wood may house ovum Sinodendron cylindricum Rhinoceros Beetle Coleoptera: Lucanidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Lucanidae/Sinodendron cylindricum/Sinodendron cylindricumrhinoceros beetleovum Plant / resting place / within /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchessawdust-packed tunnel in deadwood ovum may be found in sawdust-packed tunnel in dead wood
wood (scorched) scorched wood is foodplant of larva Minor Melanophila acuminata a jewel beetle Coleoptera: Buprestidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Buprestidae/Melanophila acuminata/Melanophila acuminataa jewel beetlelarva Foodplant / feeds on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/BetulabirchesscorchedwoodMinor larva feeds on scorched wood
wood (usually decorticate) usually decorticate wood is decayed by short-stalked apothecium Neodasyscypha cerina a discomycete Helotiales: Hyaloscyphaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Hyaloscyphaceae/Neodasyscypha cerina/Neodasyscypha cerinaa discomyceteshort-stalkedapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesusually decorticatewood (3-9)short-stalked apothecium is saprobic on usually decorticate wood
wood (very decayed) very decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Minor Pluteus leoninus Lion Shield Agaricales: Pluteaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Pluteaceae/Pluteus leoninus/Pluteus leoninuslion shieldfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesvery decayedwoodMinor fruitbody is saprobic on very decayed wood
woody debris (dead) dead woody debris is decayed by fruitbody UK/IrelandQuestionable Amphinema byssoides Cratered Duster Atheliales: Atheliaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Atheliales/Atheliaceae/Amphinema byssoides/Amphinema byssoidescratered dusterfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirches?deadwoody debris fruitbody is saprobic on dead woody debris
woody litter (decayed) decayed woody litter is decayed by fruitbody Major Gymnopus erythropus Redleg Toughshank Agaricales: Omphalotaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Omphalotaceae/Gymnopus erythropus/Gymnopus erythropusredleg toughshankfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula/Betulabirchesdecayedwoody litterMajor fruitbody is saprobic on decayed woody litter

Betula (birches) may also be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Author & YearTitleSource
Ainsworth, M., 2010Alder Carr Fungi - Some British Alder-associated wood-inhabiting fungiField Mycology Vol 11 (1): 10-15.
Anderson, R., 2008Hypoxylon in Britain and Ireland. 2. Hypoxylon rubiginosum and its alliesField Mycology Vol 9 (2): 41-48.
Bakshi, B.K., 1950Fungi associated with ambrosia beetles in Great Britain.TBMS Vol 33 (1+2): 111-120, IN9-11.
Bell, A. & Mahoney, D.P., 1991Profiles of Fungi No. 37: Bulgariella pulla (Fr.) P. KarstenMycologist Vol 05 (3): 146.
Benson, R.B., 1951Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (a)Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol VI, Part 2(a), 49pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Benson, R.B., 1952Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b)Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol VI, Part 2(b), 137pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Benson, R.B., 1958Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c)Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol VI, Part 2(c), 252pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Bisby, G.R., 1941British species of Hysterium, Gloniopsis, Dichaena and MytilidionTBMS Vol 25(2): 127-140,IN1.
Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden PlantsCollins Photoguide, 2nd edition edition, Collins
Bullock, J.A., 1992Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations11a, 24pp, Amateur Entomologists’ Society
Cook, P., 1994Profiles of Fungi No. 62: Phleogena faginea (Fr.:Fr.) LinkMycologist Vol 08 (3): 62.
Cox, M.L., 2007Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland336pp, Pisces Publications
Dennis, R.W.G., 1978British AscomycetesRevised and enlarged edition, 585pp, J. Cramer
Dennis, R.W.G., 1995Fungi of the South East England383pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Douglas, B., 2015Dencoeliopsis johnstoniiKew: Lost and Found Fungi Factsheets
Duff, A. (Illust: Lewington, R.), 2006Identification - Longhorn Beetles: Part 1British Wildlife Vol 18, No 6: 406-414.
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Evans, H.F., 2008Oak Processionary Moth Pest Risk AnalysisPRAs for consultation on pest risk management PRAs for consultation on pest risk management.
Fischer, M., 1995Phellinus igniarius and its closest relatives in EuropeMycol. Res. Vol 99 (6): 735-744.
Fonseca, E.C.M. d’Assis, 1968Diptera: Cyclorrapha Calyptrata Sect (b) MuscidaeHandbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol X. Part 4(b), 119pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Green, S., 2005Birch dieback in ScotlandForestry Commission Information Notes, 72, 6pp, Forestry Commission
Gregory, P.H., 1982Fairy rings; free and tetheredBull. Br. mycol. Soc. Vol 16 (2): 161-163.
Grove, W.B., 1935British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidiaVol I, 488pp, Cambridge University Press
Hawkins, R.D., 1985Some foods of Heteroptera larvae in the wildHet News No 6: 3.
Henrici, A., 2001Notes and Records (July 2001)Vol 2 (3)
Heritage, S & Moore, R., 2001The Assessment of Site Characteristics as Part of a Management Strategy to Reduce Damage by HylobiusForestry Commission Information Notes, 38, 6pp, Forestry Commission
Hills, A.E., 2008The Genus Xerocomus - A personal view with a key to the British speciesField Mycology Vol 9 (3): Front cover, 77-96, rear cover.
Hughes, J. & Broome, A., 2007Forests and Wood Ants in ScotlandForestry Commission Information Notes, 90, 8pp, Forestry Commission
Jessop, L., 1986Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea)Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects, Vol 5, Part 11, New edition, 53pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Kibby, G. & Burnham, A., 2009Some new British records in 2008Field Mycology Vol 10 (1): 19-23.
Kibby, G., 2011Three agarics new to BritainField Mycology Vol 12 (4): 115-118.
Kibby, G., 2015Fungal Portraits No. 61: Cortinarius collocandoidesField Mycology Vol 16 (1): 3-4.
Kibby, G., Burnham, A. & Henrici, A., 2009Cortinarius subgenus MyxaciumField Mycology Vol 10 (2): 41-55, rear cover.
Kirk, P.M., 1994Trichocladium opacumI.M.I. Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria CMI Descriptions of Pathenogenic Fungi and Bacteria Sheet 1202.
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota517pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Legon, N.W., 2005Profiles of Fungi No. 139: Ceraceomyces borealis (Romell) J. Erikss. & Ryvarden …Mycologist Vol 19 (4): 167.
Legon, N.W., 2006Profiles of Fungi No. 136: Daedalea quercinaMycologist Vol 19 (1): 44.
Linnakoski, R., de Beer, Z.W., Rousi, M., Solheim, H. & Wingfield, M.J., 2009Ophiostoma denticiliatum sp. nov. and other Ophiostoma species associated with the birch bark beetle in southern NorwayPersoonia Vol 23: 9-15.
Morris, I. & Roberts, P., 1997British Vuilleminia speciesMycologist Vol 11 (1): 4-6.
Morris, M.G., 1990Orthocerous WeevilsHandbooks for the Identification of British Insects, Vol 5 Part 16, 108pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Morris, M.G., 1997Broad-Nosed Weevils (Entiminae)Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects, Vol 5, Part 17a, 106pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Morris, M.G., 2002True Weevils (Part I): Family Curculionidae, subfamilies Raymondionyminae to SmicronychinaeHandbooks for the Identification of British Insects, Vol 5, Part 17b, 149pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Mound L.A., Morison, G.D., Pitkin, B.R. & Palmer, J.M., 1976ThysanopteraHandbooks for the Identification of British Insects, Vol 1, part 11, 79pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Nau, B.S., 1984Notes on the Recording and Identification of PsallusHet News 4.
Orton, P.D., 1986Fungi of Northern Pine and Birch woodsBull. Br. mycol. Soc. Vol 20 (2): 130-145.
Pegler, D.N. & Legon, N., 1992Profiles of Fungi No. 46: Gelatoporia pannocincta (Rom.) NiemalaMycologist Vol 06 (3): 139.
Pegler, D.N. & Legon, N., 1993Profiles of Fungi No. 54: Pholiota populnea (Pers.: Fr.) Kuyp. & Tjall.Mycologist Vol 07 (3): 117.
Pegler, D.N. & Legon, N.W., 1998Profiles of Fungi No. 90: Mycoacia uda (Fr.) DonkMycologist Vol 12 (1): 36-37.
Pietka, J. & Grzywacz, A., 2006Attempts at active protection of Inonotus obliquus by inoculating birches with its myceliumActa Mycologica Vol 41 (2): 305-312.
Redfern, M. & Askew, R.R., 1992Plant GallsNaturalists’ Handbooks, No 17, 99pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Reid, D.A., 1978Unusual hosts for some common British fungiBull. Br. mycol. Soc. Vol 12 (2): 87-89.
Rotheray, G.E., 1993Colour Guide to Hoverfly Larvae (Diptera, Syrphidae) in Britain and EuropeDiperists Digest No. 9
Salisbury, A. & Malumphy, C., 2017Changes in status and distribution of Hydrangea Scale, Pulvinaria hydrangeae (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) in BritainBR. J. ENT. NAT. HIST. Vol 30: 145-153.
Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959Land and Water Bugs of the British IslesWayside & Woodland Series, 1959 edition, 436pp, Frederick Warne & Co. Ltd.
Spencer, K.A., 1972Diptera: AgromyzidaeHandbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol X. Part 5(g), 136pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Spooner, B.M. & Ainsworth, A.M., 1996Profiles of Fungi No. 75: Caloscypha fulgensMycologist Vol 10 (1): 36-37.
Spooner, B.M. & Williams, M.A.J., 1990Hypocrea placentula and its Trichoderma anamorph.Mycologist Vol 04 (2): 66-69.
Stadler, M., Wollweber, H., Mühlbauer, A., Henkel, T., Asakawa, Y., Hashimoto, T, 2001Secondary metabolite profiles, genetic fingerprints and taxonomy of Daldinia and alliesMycotaxon 77: 379-429.
Stasinska, M., 2008Contribution to chorology of Xylobolus frustulatus in PolandActa Mycologica Vol 43 (2): 167-171 + 2 colour plates.
Storey, M.W., 2015Bioimages - the Virtual Field Guidewww.bioimages.org.uk
Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls95pp, British Plant Gall Society (BPGS)
Watling, R., Hills, A.E, & Turnbull, E., 2005Boletes and their alliesBritish Fungus Flora, Vol 1, Revised and enlarged edition edition, 173pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh
Whalley, A.J.S. & Watling, R., 1980Daldinia concentrica versus Daldinia vernicosaTBMS Vol 74 (2): 399-406.
Yao, Y.-J. & Spooner, B.M., 1996Notes on British species of Tympanis (Leotiales) with T. prunicola new to BritainKew Bulletin Vol 51 (1): 187-191.
Subtaxon Rank Featured
subtaxa		 No of
interactions		 No of
references
Betula nana
Dwarf Birch
Species 2 trophisms
Betula papyrifera
Paper Birch
Species 1 trophisms
Betula pendula
Silver Birch
Species 42 trophisms 1 references
Betula pendula x pubescens = B. x aurata
hybrid birch
Species hybrid 1 trophisms
Betula pubescens
Downy Birch
Species 30 trophisms
Taxonomic hierarchy:
GenusBetula (birches)
FamilyBETULACEAE (birches, hazels, hornbeams and alders)
OrderFAGALES (forest trees)
SubclassEU-DICOTS (dicotyledonous flowering plants)
ClassMAGNOLIOPSIDA (flowering plants)
PhylumTRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
KingdomPLANTAE (plants)
DomainEukaryota (eukaryotes)
LifeBIOTA (living things)
NBNNBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Betula (birches)

Identification Works

AuthorYearTitleSource
De Groot, W.J., Thomas, P.A. & Wein, R.W. Betula Yeo, P.F. Acaena, taxa with spherical heads, Plant Crib 2012

Betula (birches) may also be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Betula (birches):

Creative Commons License
This website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International Licence.

Unless otherwise expressly stated, all original material on the BioInfo website by Malcolm Storey is licensed under the above Creative Commons Licence.

BioInfo - Wildlife Information (UK)