Interactions where Centaurea calcitrapa is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)
The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'References').
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Affected Part
Summary
Taxon
Vernacular
Classification
References
Darwin Classification of Active Taxon
Active Taxon
Active Vernacular
Active Taxon Uncertain
Active State
Active Part
Active Stage
Relationship
Relationship Uncertain
Relationship Geography
Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon
Passive Taxon
Passive Vernacular
Passive Taxon Uncertain
Passive State
Passive Part
Passive Stage
Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon
Indoors etc
Season
Summary
capitulum
capitulum may contain larva
Chaetostomella cylindrica a gall fly
Diptera: Tephritidae
Tephritid Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) , White, I.M., 1988
/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Tephritidae/Chaetostomella cylindrica/ Chaetostomella cylindrica a gall fly larva
Foodplant / internal feeder Foreign
/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Centaurea calcitrapa/ Centaurea calcitrapa red star-thistle capitulum larva feeds within capitulum
capitulum
capitulum may contain larva
Trupanea amoena a gall fly
Diptera: Tephritidae
Tephritid Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) , White, I.M., 1988
/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Tephritidae/Trupanea amoena/ Trupanea amoena a gall fly larva
Foodplant / internal feeder Foreign
/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Centaurea calcitrapa/ Centaurea calcitrapa red star-thistle ? capitulum larva feeds within capitulum
capitulum
capitulum is galled by larva
Urophora quadrifasciata Four-banded Knapweed Gall-fly
Diptera: Tephritidae
Tephritid Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) , White, I.M., 1988
/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Tephritidae/Urophora quadrifasciata/ Urophora quadrifasciata four-banded knapweed gall-fly larva
Foodplant / gall Foreign
/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Centaurea calcitrapa/ Centaurea calcitrapa red star-thistle capitulum larva causes gall of capitulum
capitulum (live)
live capitulum may contain larva
Acanthiophilus helianthi Knapweed Ghost
Diptera: Tephritidae
Tephritid Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) , White, I.M., 1988
/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Tephritidae/Acanthiophilus helianthi/ Acanthiophilus helianthi knapweed ghost larva
Foodplant / internal feeder Foreign
/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Centaurea calcitrapa/ Centaurea calcitrapa red star-thistle live capitulum larva feeds within live capitulum
NBN (data.nbn.org.uk)