BioInfo (UK)
DIPTERA (two-winged flies)
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Subtaxa
| Rank | Taxon |  |
 |
 |
|---|
| Suborder | BRACHYCERA (short-horned flies) | 91 | 78 | 4 |
| Suborder | MUSCOMORPHA (hover, scuttle, acalypterate, dung, house & parasitoid flies, blue/green bottles) | 379 | 382 | 3347 |
| Suborder | NEMATOCERA (thread-horned flies) | 152 | 154 | 411 |
Suggested Literature
Identification Works
| Diptera Info: www.diptera.info | Diptera Info |
| Online-Keys.net: http://www.online-keys.net/infusions/keys/keys_view.php | Online-Keys.net |
| Colyer, C.N. & Hammond, C.O., 1951 | Flies of the British Isles |
| Guthrie, M., 1989 | Animals of the Surface Film |
| Haenni, J-P, 2004 | Les Mouches - planches d'Eugène Séguy / Flies - plates by Eugène Séguy |
| McAlpine, J.F. et al, 1981 | Manual of Nearctic Diptera |
| Oldroyd, H., 1954 | Diptera 1. Introduction and Key to Families |
| Pearce, E.K., 1921 | Typical Flies - a photographic atlas |
| Scudder, G.G.E. & Cannings, R.A., 2006 | The Diptera Families of British Columbia |
| Stubbs, A., 2003 | Dipterists Forum Starter Pack |
| Cercle de Mycologie de Mons (Belgique): (Page perso de JJ. Wuilbaut): http://users.skynet.be/jjw.myco.mons | Cercle de Mycologie de Mons (Belgique): (Page perso de JJ. Wuilbaut) |
Dung | |
| Skidmore, P., 1991 | Insects of the British Cow-Dung Community |
Families | |
| Ball, S., in prep. | British Families of Diptera |
| Families of British Diptera: http://www.dipteristsforum.org.uk/wiki/families:diptera_families | Families of British Diptera |
| Unwin, D.M., 1981 | A Key to the Families of British Diptera |
Host plants | |
| Kirk, W.D.J., 1992 | Insects on Cabbages and Oilseed Rape |
Larvae | |
| Smith, K.V.G., 1989 | An Introduction to the immature stages of British Flies |
Leaf-miners | |
| György Csóka, 2003 | Levélaknák és Levélaknázók - Leaf Mines and Leaf Miners |
| Robbins, R., 1990 | A Provisional Atlas of The Leaf Miners of Warwickshire, with notes on others occurring in the Midlands |
Miners | |
| Leaf and stem mines of British flies and other insects: http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/research/projects/british-insect-mines/index.html | Leaf and stem mines of British flies and other insects |
| Leaf and stem mines of British flies and other insects: http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/research/projects/british-insect-mines/index.html | Leaf and stem mines of British flies and other insects |
on thistles | |
| Redfern, M., 1995 | Insects and Thistles |
Plant galls | |
| Redfern, M. & Shirley, P., 2002 | British Plant Galls - Identification of galls on plants and fungi |
| Redfern, M. & Shirley, P., 2011 | British Plant Galls |
| Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986 | Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls |
General Works
| Anatomical Atlas of Flies: http://www.ces.csiro.au/biology/fly/flyGlossary.html | Anatomical Atlas of Flies |
| Dipterists Forum Website: http://www.dipteristsforum.org.uk | Dipterists Forum Website |
| Chandler, P., 1966 | Notes on some uncommon Diptera |
| Chandler, P., 1998 | Checklists of Insects of the British Isles (New Series) Part 1: Diptera |
| Chandler, P.J. (ed), 2010 | A Dipterist's handbook(2nd Edition) |
| Chandler, P.J., 1998 | Checklists of Insects of the British Isles (New Series) Part 1: Diptera |
| Chandler, P.J., 2003 | Corrections and changes to the Diptera Checklist (9) |
| Chandler, P.J., 2004 | Corrections and changes to the Diptera Checklist (10) |
| Chandler, P.J., 2004 | Corrections and changes to the Diptera Checklist (12) Corrections and changes to the Irish Checklist (2) |
| Chandler, P.J., 2005 | Changes to the Irish List (3) |
| Chandler, P.J., 2005 | Corrections and changes to the Diptera Checklist (13) |
| Chandler, P.J., 2006 | Corrections and changes to the Diptera Checklist (15) Corrections and changes to the Irish Checklist (5) |
| Dipterists Forum, 2006 | Dipterists Forum Starter Pack |
| Micropics: http://micropics.org.uk/index.htm | Micropics |
| Stubbs, A.E. & Chandler, P. (eds), 1978 | A Dipterist's handbook |
Dead wood | |
| Alexander, K.N.A., 2002 | The Invertebrates of Living and Decaying Timber in Britain and Ireland - a Provisional Annotated Checklist |
Journals | |
| Dipterists Digest | Journal |
| Dipteroloogilisi Uurimusi | Journal |
| Studia Dipterologica | Journal |
| Bulletin of the Dipterists Forum | Journal |
| Dipterists Digest (Second Series) (Dipterists Digest (2nd Series)) | Journal |
| Die Fleigen der Palaearktischen Region | Journal |
| Fly Times | Journal |
Leaf-miners | |
| British Leafminers | Journal |
Leaf-miners | |
| UK Leafminers discussion group: http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/ukleafminers/join | UK Leafminers discussion group |
Regional studies | |
| Denton, J., & Chandler, P., 2005 | Rotherfield Park, North Hampshire: An important site for Saproxylic Coleoptera, Diptera and other Insects |
Suppliers | |
| Polybags Ltd: http://www.polybags.co.uk | Polybags Ltd |
Survey Methods | |
| Disney, R.H.L. et al, 1982 | Collecting methods and adequacy of attempted faunal surveys, with reference to Diptera |
DIPTERA may also be covered by literature listed under:
|
BIOTA (living things) |
Eukaryota (eukaryotes) |
ANIMALIA (animals) |
EUMETAZOA (metazoans) |
ARTHROPODA (arthropods) |
HEXAPODA (hexapods) |
INSECTA (insects) |
| Invertebrates (via Arthropoda) |
Feeding and other inter-species relationships
DIPTERA is associated with:
| Tuberolachnus salignus - Large Willow Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) | feeds on honeydew | Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998 | ||
Phallus hadriani - Sand Stinkhorn, Dune Stinkhorn (Phallales: Phallaceae) |
feeds on spore mass of fruitbody | 
|
||
| adult |
Dactylorhiza maculata - Heath Spotted-orchid (Asparagales: Orchidaceae) |
adult pollenates or fertilises flower | Harrap, A. & S., 2009 | |
| larva |
Conocybe - conecap toadstools (Agaricales: Bolbitiaceae) |
larva causes galls on fruitbody | Evans, R.E., 1979 | |
| larva |
Daedalea quercina - Oak Mazegill (Polyporales: Fomitopsidaceae) |
larva causes galls on | Evans, R.E., 1979 |
There may be more taxa associated with Diptera listed at higher taxonomic level
|
INSECTA (insects) |
Associated with DIPTERA:
| (dead, on ground) | dead, on ground is parasitoid host of solitary (usually) stroma | Cordyceps forquignonii - an ascomycete (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) | Dennis, R.W.G., 1978 [on the ground, esp in woods] | |
| (in caves) | in caves may attract synnematum of Polycephalomyces anamorph | Polycephalomyces ramosus - an entomogenous fungus (Hypocreales: Ophiocordycipitaceae) | 
|
Moss, M, Spooner, B. & Mitchell, D.W., 2007 [in caves] |
| (live) | live may be infected by |
Erynia radicans - an entomophagous fungus (Entomophthorales: Entomophthoraceae) |
Waterhouse, G.M. & Brady, B.L., 1982 | |
| is taken to the nest of female |
Crabro cribrarius - Slender Bodied Digger Wasp (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) |
|
Macdonald, M.A., in prep. | |
| is taken to the nest of female | Crabro peltarius - a digger wasp (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) |
|
Macdonald, M.A., in prep. | |
| is taken to the nest of female | Crossocerus binotatus - a digger wasp (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) |
|
Macdonald, M.A., in prep. | |
| is taken to the nest of female | Crossocerus capitosus - a digger wasp (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) |
|
Macdonald, M.A., in prep. | |
| is taken to the nest of female | Crossocerus exiguus - a digger wasp (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) |
|
Macdonald, M.A., in prep. | |
| is taken to the nest of female | Crossocerus megacephalus - a digger wasp (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) |
|
Macdonald, M.A., in prep. | |
| is taken to the nest of female | Crossocerus pusillus - a digger wasp (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) |
|
Macdonald, M.A., in prep. | |
| is taken to the nest of female |
Crossocerus quadrimaculatus - Four-spotted Digger Wasp (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) |
|
Macdonald, M.A., in prep. | |
| is taken to the nest of female | Crossocerus wesmaeli - Wesmael's Digger Wasp (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) |
|
Macdonald, M.A., in prep. | |
| is taken to the nest of female | Ectemnius borealis - a solitary wasp (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) |
|
Macdonald, M.A., in prep. | |
| is taken to the nest of female | Ectemnius cavifrons - a solitary wasp (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) |
|
Macdonald, M.A., in prep. | |
| is taken to the nest of female | Ectemnius cephalotes - a solitary wasp (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) |
|
Macdonald, M.A., in prep. | |
| is taken to the nest of female |
Ectemnius continuus - a solitary wasp (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) |
|
Macdonald, M.A., in prep. | |
| is taken to the nest of female | Ectemnius dives - a solitary wasp (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) |
|
Macdonald, M.A., in prep. | |
| is taken to the nest of female | Ectemnius lapidarius - a solitary wasp (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) |
|
Macdonald, M.A., in prep. | |
| is taken to the nest of female | Ectemnius lituratus - a solitary wasp (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) |
|
Macdonald, M.A., in prep. | |
| is taken to the nest of female | Ectemnius rubicola - a solitary wasp (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) |
|
Macdonald, M.A., in prep. | |
| is taken to the nest of female | Ectemnius ruficornis - a solitary wasp (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) |
|
Macdonald, M.A., in prep. | |
| is taken to the nest of female | Ectemnius sexcinctus - a solitary wasp (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) |
|
Macdonald, M.A., in prep. | |
| is taken to the nest of female | Lindenius albilabris - a solitary wasp (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) |
|
Macdonald, M.A., in prep. | |
| is predated by adult |
Dryophilocoris flavoquadrimaculatus - a plantbug (Hemiptera: Miridae) |
|
Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959 [small flies] | |
| is predated by nymph |
Dryophilocoris flavoquadrimaculatus - a plantbug (Hemiptera: Miridae) |
|
Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959 [small flies] | |
| is predated by adult | Orthotylus tenellus - a plantbug or grassbug (Hemiptera: Miridae) |
|
Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959 [small flies] | |
| is predated by nymph | Orthotylus tenellus - a plantbug or grassbug (Hemiptera: Miridae) |
|
Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959 [small flies] | |
| is predated by adult | Reduvius personatus - an assassin bug (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) | Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959 | ||
| is predated by nymph | Reduvius personatus - an assassin bug (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) | Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959 | ||
| is predated by leaf |
Drosera rotundifolia - Round-leaved Sundew (Caryophyllales: Droseraceae) |
|
Darwin, C., 1875 [p2] | |
| adult (live) | live adult may be infected by | Conidiobolus thromboides - an entomophagous fungus (Entomophthorales: Ancylistaceae) | Waterhouse, G.M. & Brady, B.L., 1982 [small diptera] | |
| adult (live) | live adult may be infected by | Batkoa apiculata - an entomophagous fungus (Entomophthorales: Entomophthoraceae) |
|
Wilding, N., 1983 |
| adult (live) | live adult may be infected by | Batkoa papillata - an entomophagous fungus (Entomophthorales: Entomophthoraceae) | Waterhouse, G.M. & Brady, B.L., 1982 [small diptera in wet places] | |
| adult (live) | live adult may be infected by | Entomophthora culicis - an entomophagous fungus (Entomophthorales: Entomophthoraceae) |
|
Waterhouse, G.M. & Brady, B.L., 1982 [in wet places], Wilding, N., 1983 |
| adult (live) | live adult may be infected by |
Entomophthora muscae - an entomophagous fungus (Entomophthorales: Entomophthoraceae) |
Waterhouse, G.M. & Brady, B.L., 1982 | |
| adult (live) | live adult may be infected by | Erynia gracilis - an entomophagous fungus (Entomophthorales: Entomophthoraceae) |
|
Wilding, N., 1983 |
| adult (live) | live adult may be infected by | Zoophthora radicans - an entomophagous fungus (Entomophthorales: Entomophthoraceae) |
|
Wilding, N., 1983 |
| adult | adult may be infected by pure white to grey or rarely green, shaggy rhizoids | Erynia conica - an entomophagous fungus (Entomophthorales: Entomophthoraceae) | Waterhouse, G.M. & Brady, B.L., 1982 [in wet places] | |
| adult | adult may be infected by | Furia americana - an entomophagous fungus (Entomophthorales: Entomophthoraceae) | Waterhouse, G.M. & Brady, B.L., 1982 | |
| adult | adult may be infected by | Furia montana - an entomophagous fungus (Entomophthorales: Entomophthoraceae) | Waterhouse, G.M. & Brady, B.L., 1982 [small diptera in wet places] | |
| adult | adult may be infected by few, large, white or greenish, disk-ended rhizoids | Pandora dipterigena - an entomophagous fungus (Entomophthorales: Entomophthoraceae) | Waterhouse, G.M. & Brady, B.L., 1982 [especially small flies and gnats] | |
| adult | adult may be infected by | Pandora echinospora - an entomophagous fungus (Entomophthorales: Entomophthoraceae) | Waterhouse, G.M. & Brady, B.L., 1982 | |
| adult | adult is predated by leaf |
Pinguicula vulgaris - Common Butterwort (Lamiales: Lentibulariaceae) |
|
Darwin, C., 1875 [p370] |
| larva (live) | live larva is parasitised by Tolypocladium anamorph | Tolypocladium cylindrosporum - an anamorphic entomophagous fungus (Hypocreales) |
|
Dennis, R.W.G., 1995 |
| larva | larva is taken to the nest of female |
Oxybelus uniglumis - Common Spiny Digger Wasp (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) |
|
Macdonald, M.A., in prep. |
| larva | larva is predated by adult | Loricula elegantula - a minute bug (Hemiptera: Microphysidae) | Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959 | |
| larva | larva is predated by nymph | Loricula elegantula - a minute bug (Hemiptera: Microphysidae) | Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959 | |
| pupa | pupa is parasitoid host of perithecium | Torrubiella albotomentosa - an ascomycete (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) |
|
Dennis, R.W.G., 1978 [in marshes], Dennis, R.W.G., 1995 |
| pupa | pupa may be infected by Cylindrodendrum anamorph | Cylindrodendrum suffultum - an anamorphic fungus |
|
Dennis, R.W.G., 1995 |
| rhizoids, adult (white to grey swollen) | white to grey swollen rhizoids of adult may be infected by white to grey swollen rhizoids | Erynia rhizospora - an entomophagous fungus (Entomophthorales: Entomophthoraceae) | Waterhouse, G.M. & Brady, B.L., 1982 [small diptera in wet places] |
Diptera may be associated with more taxa listed at higher taxonomic level
|
ANIMALIA (animals) |
ARTHROPODA (arthropods) |
INSECTA (insects) |
| Invertebrates (via Arthropoda) |
References
| Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998 | Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants |
| Darwin, C., 1875 | Insectivorous Plants |
| Dennis, R.W.G., 1978 | British Ascomycetes |
| Dennis, R.W.G., 1995 | Fungi of the South East England |
| Evans, R.E., 1979 | Gall development in Fungi |
| Harrap, A. & S., 2009 | Orchids of Britain & Ireland: a field and site guide |
| Macdonald, M.A., in prep. | Forage, prey and host-parasite relationships of aculeates |
| Moss, M, Spooner, B. & Mitchell, D.W., 2007 | Two rare and interesting entomogenous fungi from south-east England |
| Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959 | Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles |
| Waterhouse, G.M. & Brady, B.L., 1982 | Key to the Species of Entomophthora sensu lato |
| Wilding, N., 1983 | Entomophthorales foray: 10 - 14 September 1982, Exeter University and Norwich |
