Hypochaeris radicata L.
(Cat’S Ear, Cat’s-ear)

Interactions where Hypochaeris radicata is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'References').

Filters:

Affected Part		Summary			Taxon	Vernacular	Classification	References	Darwin Classification of Active Taxon	Active Taxon	Active Vernacular	Active Taxon Uncertain	Active State	Active Part	Active Stage	Relationship	Relationship Uncertain	Relationship Geography	Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon	Passive Taxon	Passive Vernacular	Passive Taxon Uncertain	Passive State	Passive Part	Passive Stage	Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon	Indoors etc	Season	Summary
(live)		live is parasitised by sporangium			Bremia lactucae	Lettuce Downy Mildew	Peronosporales: Peronosporaceae	A Checklist of the Downy Mildews (Peronosporaceae) of the British Isles, Preece, T.F., 2002	/Chromista/Oomycota/Peronosporea/Peronosporales/Peronosporaceae/Bremia lactucae/	Bremia lactucae	lettuce downy mildew				sporangium	Foodplant / parasite		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Hypochaeris radicata/	Hypochaeris radicata	cat’s ear, cat's-ear		live			Rare			sporangium parasitises live
(live)		live is parasitised by			Golovinomyces cichoracearum	a powdery mildew	Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae	An Introduction to British Powdery Mildews, Ing, B., 1990	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Erysiphales/Erysiphaceae/Golovinomyces cichoracearum/	Golovinomyces cichoracearum	a powdery mildew					Foodplant / parasite		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Hypochaeris radicata/	Hypochaeris radicata	cat’s ear, cat's-ear		live						parasitises live
(live)		live is parasitised by pycnium			Puccinia hieracii var hypochaeridis	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia hieracii var. hypochaeridis/	Puccinia hieracii var. hypochaeridis	a rust fungus				pycnium	Foodplant / parasite			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Hypochaeris radicata/	Hypochaeris radicata	cat’s ear, cat's-ear		live			Major			pycnium parasitises live
(live)		live is parasitised by uredinoid aecium			Puccinia hieracii var hypochaeridis	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia hieracii var. hypochaeridis/	Puccinia hieracii var. hypochaeridis	a rust fungus		uredinoid		aecium	Foodplant / parasite			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Hypochaeris radicata/	Hypochaeris radicata	cat’s ear, cat's-ear		live			Major			uredinoid aecium parasitises live
capitulum		capitulum may contain larva			Campiglossa producta	a gall fly	Diptera: Tephritidae	Tephritid Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae), White, I.M., 1988	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Tephritidae/Campiglossa producta/	Campiglossa producta	a gall fly				larva	Foodplant / internal feeder		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Hypochaeris radicata/	Hypochaeris radicata	cat’s ear, cat's-ear	?		capitulum					larva feeds within capitulum
capitulum		capitulum may contain larva			Ensina sonchi	Sow-thistle Fly	Diptera: Tephritidae	Tephritid Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae), White, I.M., 1988	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Tephritidae/Ensina sonchi/	Ensina sonchi	sow-thistle fly				larva	Foodplant / internal feeder		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Hypochaeris radicata/	Hypochaeris radicata	cat’s ear, cat's-ear			capitulum					larva feeds within capitulum
capitulum		capitulum may contain larva			Tephritis vespertina	a gall fly	Diptera: Tephritidae	Tephritid Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae), White, I.M., 1988	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Tephritidae/Tephritis vespertina/	Tephritis vespertina	a gall fly				larva	Foodplant / internal feeder		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Hypochaeris radicata/	Hypochaeris radicata	cat’s ear, cat's-ear			capitulum					larva feeds within capitulum
leaf (midrib)		leaf (midrib) may contain larva			Phytomyza cecidonomia	a leaf-mining fly	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Phytomyza cecidonomia/	Phytomyza cecidonomia	a leaf-mining fly				larva	Foodplant / internal feeder			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Hypochaeris radicata/	Hypochaeris radicata	cat’s ear, cat's-ear			leaf (midrib)		Sole			larva feeds within leaf (midrib)
leaf (live)		live leaf is spotted by amphigenous colony of Ramularia hyphomycetous anamorph			Mycosphaerella hieracii	an ascomycete	Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae	Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol II, Braun, U., 1998 Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Mycosphaerella hieracii/	Mycosphaerella hieracii	an ascomycete		amphigenous	colony	Ramularia hyphomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Hypochaeris radicata/	Hypochaeris radicata	cat’s ear, cat's-ear		live	leaf					amphigenous colony of Ramularia hyphomycetous anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live)		live leaf is parasitised by amphigenous uredium			Puccinia hieracii var hypochaeridis	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia hieracii var. hypochaeridis/	Puccinia hieracii var. hypochaeridis	a rust fungus		amphigenous		uredium	Foodplant / parasite			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Hypochaeris radicata/	Hypochaeris radicata	cat’s ear, cat's-ear		live	leaf		Major			amphigenous uredium parasitises live leaf
peduncle (dead, locally bleached)		dead, locally bleached peduncle is decayed by crowded, covered pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph			Phomopsis albicans	a coelomycete	Diaporthales: Diaporthaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Diaporthaceae/Phomopsis albicans/	Phomopsis albicans	a coelomycete		crowded, covered	pycnidium	Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Hypochaeris radicata/	Hypochaeris radicata	cat’s ear, cat's-ear		dead, locally bleached	peduncle				(9-3)	crowded, covered pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead, locally bleached peduncle
root		root is parasitised by underground tuber			Orobanche minor var compositarum	a common broomrape	Lamiales: Orobanchaceae	Flora of the British Isles, Clapham, A.R., Tutin, T.G. & Moore, D.M., 1985	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Orobanchaceae/Orobanche minor var. compositarum/	Orobanche minor var. compositarum	a common broomrape		underground	tuber		Foodplant / parasite			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Hypochaeris radicata/	Hypochaeris radicata	cat’s ear, cat's-ear			root		Major			underground tuber parasitises root
stem (mainly) (live)		live stem (mainly) is parasitised by telium			Puccinia hieracii var hypochaeridis	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia hieracii var. hypochaeridis/	Puccinia hieracii var. hypochaeridis	a rust fungus				telium	Foodplant / parasite			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Hypochaeris radicata/	Hypochaeris radicata	cat’s ear, cat's-ear		live	stem (mainly)		Major			telium parasitises live stem (mainly)
stem		stem is mined by larva			Ophiomyia heringi	a leaf-mining fly	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Ophiomyia heringi/	Ophiomyia heringi	a leaf-mining fly				larva	Foodplant / miner			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Hypochaeris radicata/	Hypochaeris radicata	cat’s ear, cat's-ear			stem					larva mines stem
stem		stem may house puparium			Ophiomyia heringi	a leaf-mining fly	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Ophiomyia heringi/	Ophiomyia heringi	a leaf-mining fly				puparium	Plant / resting place / within			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Hypochaeris radicata/	Hypochaeris radicata	cat’s ear, cat's-ear			stem					puparium may be found in stem
stem (dead)		dead stem is decayed by small, scattered or gregarious, covered, erumpent, subconical, black pycnidium of Rhabdospora coelomycetous anamorph			Rhabdospora hypochaeridis	a coelomycete	Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Rhabdospora hypochaeridis/	Rhabdospora hypochaeridis	a coelomycete		small, scattered or gregarious, covered, erumpent, subconical, black	pycnidium	Rhabdospora coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Hypochaeris radicata/	Hypochaeris radicata	cat’s ear, cat's-ear	?	dead	stem				(7)	small, scattered or gregarious, covered, erumpent, subconical, black pycnidium of Rhabdospora coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead stem
stem (live)		live stem is galled by larva			Phanacis hypochoeridis	a gall wasp	Hymenoptera: Cynipidae	Catalogue of parasitoids and inquilines in galls of Aylacini, Diplolepidini and Pediaspidini (Hym., Cynipidae) in the West Palaearctic, Askew, R.R., Plantard, O., Gomez, J.F., Nieves, M.H. & Nieves-Aldrey, J.L., 2006 Hymenoptera - Cynipoidea, Key to families and subfamilies and Cynipinae (including galls), Eady R.D. & Quinlan, J., 1963 Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls, Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Cynipidae/Phanacis hypochoeridis/	Phanacis hypochoeridis	a gall wasp				larva	Foodplant / gall			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Hypochaeris radicata/	Hypochaeris radicata	cat’s ear, cat's-ear		live	stem					larva causes gall of live stem

Hypochaeris radicata (Cat’S Ear, Cat’s-ear) may also be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Hypochaeris
(cat’s-ears)

Lactuceae
(“dandelions”)

ASTERACEAE
(daisies, dandelions and thistles, composite)

EU-DICOTS
(dicotyledonous flowering plants)

MAGNOLIOPSIDA
(flowering plants)

TRACHEOPHYTA
(vascular plants)

PLANTAE
(plants)

Herbaceous Plants
(herbaceous plants)

Author & Year	Title	Source
Askew, R.R., Plantard, O., Gomez, J.F., Nieves, M.H. & Nieves-Aldrey, J.L., 2006	Catalogue of parasitoids and inquilines in galls of Aylacini, Diplolepidini and Pediaspidini (Hym., Cynipidae) in the West Palaearctic	Zootaxa 1301.
Braun, U., 1998	Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol II	Phytopathogenic Hyphomycetes, 2, 493pp, IHW-Verlag
Clapham, A.R., Tutin, T.G. & Moore, D.M., 1985	Flora of the British Isles	3 edition, 688pp, Cambridge University Press
Dennis, R.W.G., 1995	Fungi of the South East England	383pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Eady R.D. & Quinlan, J., 1963	Hymenoptera - Cynipoidea, Key to families and subfamilies and Cynipinae (including galls)	Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol VIII, Part 1 (a), 81pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook	2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Grove, W.B., 1935	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia	Vol I, 488pp, Cambridge University Press
Ing, B., 1990	An Introduction to British Powdery Mildews	Mycologist Vol 4 (1) et seq.
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota	517pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Preece, T.F., 2002	A Checklist of the Downy Mildews (Peronosporaceae) of the British Isles	33pp, British Mycological Society
Spencer, K.A., 1972	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol X. Part 5(g), 136pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986	Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls	95pp, British Plant Gall Society (BPGS)
White, I.M., 1988	Tephritid Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae)	Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol 10. Part 5a, 134pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London

Taxonomic hierarchy:

Species	Hypochaeris radicata (Cat’S Ear, Cat’s-ear)
Genus	Hypochaeris (cat’s-ears)
Tribe	Lactuceae (“dandelions”)
Subfamily	LACTUCOIDEAE (“dandelions”)
Family	ASTERACEAE (daisies, dandelions and thistles, composite)
Order	ASTERALES (daisies, dandelions, thistles and bell flowers)
Subclass	EU-DICOTS (dicotyledonous flowering plants)
Class	MAGNOLIOPSIDA (flowering plants)
Phylum	TRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
Kingdom	PLANTAE (plants)
Domain	Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Life	BIOTA (living things)

Hypochaeris radicata is also a member of:
Herbaceous Plants - herbaceous plants (via Asteraceae)

NBN

NBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Hypochaeris radicata (Cat’S Ear, Cat’s-ear)

Hypochaeris radicata (Cat’S Ear, Cat’s-ear) may be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

Lactuceae
(“dandelions”)

ASTERACEAE
(daisies, dandelions and thistles, composite)

MAGNOLIOPSIDA
(flowering plants)

TRACHEOPHYTA
(vascular plants)

PLANTAE
(plants)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Hypochaeris radicata (Cat’S Ear, Cat’s-ear):

Lactuceae
(“dandelions”)

ASTERACEAE
(daisies, dandelions and thistles, composite)

MAGNOLIOPSIDA
(flowering plants)

TRACHEOPHYTA
(vascular plants)

PLANTAE
(plants)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

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