Juncus inflexus L.
(Hard Rush)

Interactions where Juncus inflexus is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'References').

Filters:

Affected Part		Summary			Taxon	Vernacular	Classification	References	Darwin Classification of Active Taxon	Active Taxon	Active Vernacular	Active Taxon Uncertain	Active State	Active Part	Active Stage	Relationship	Relationship Uncertain	Relationship Geography	Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon	Passive Taxon	Passive Vernacular	Passive Taxon Uncertain	Passive State	Passive Part	Passive Stage	Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon	Indoors etc	Season	Summary
		is decayed by immersed perithecium			Phyllachora therophila	an ascomycete fungus	Phyllachorales: Phyllachoraceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Phyllachorales/Phyllachoraceae/Phyllachora therophila/	Phyllachora therophila	an ascomycete fungus		immersed		perithecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Juncaceae/Juncus inflexus/	Juncus inflexus	hard rush								immersed perithecium is saprobic on
(dead)		dead is decayed by immersed, then revealed apothecium			Diplonaevia exigua	a discomycete	Helotiales: Dermateaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Diplonaevia exigua/	Diplonaevia exigua	a discomycete		immersed, then revealed		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Juncaceae/Juncus inflexus/	Juncus inflexus	hard rush		dead					(4-8)	immersed, then revealed apothecium is saprobic on dead
(dead)		dead is decayed by sessile apothecium			Mollisia juncina	a discomycete	Helotiales: Dermateaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Mollisia juncina/	Mollisia juncina	a discomycete		sessile		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Juncaceae/Juncus inflexus/	Juncus inflexus	hard rush		dead					(5-9)	sessile apothecium is saprobic on dead
(live)		live is parasitised by uredium			Uromyces junci	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Uromyces junci/	Uromyces junci	a rust fungus				uredium	Foodplant / parasite			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Juncaceae/Juncus inflexus/	Juncus inflexus	hard rush		live					(7 onwards)	uredium parasitises live
(live)		live is parasitised by telium			Uromyces junci	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Uromyces junci/	Uromyces junci	a rust fungus				telium	Foodplant / parasite			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Juncaceae/Juncus inflexus/	Juncus inflexus	hard rush		live					(7 onwards)	telium parasitises live
(wet, dead)		wet, dead is decayed by apothecium			Lachnum apalum	Rush Disco	Helotiales: Lachnaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Lachnaceae/Lachnum apalum/	Lachnum apalum	rush disco				apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Juncaceae/Juncus inflexus/	Juncus inflexus	hard rush		wet, dead					(winter)	apothecium is saprobic on wet, dead
inflorescence (dead)		dead inflorescence is decayed by apothecium			Cistella fugiens	a discomycete	Helotiales: Hyaloscyphaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Hyaloscyphaceae/Cistella fugiens/	Cistella fugiens	a discomycete				apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Juncaceae/Juncus inflexus/	Juncus inflexus	hard rush		dead	inflorescence				(12-10)	apothecium is saprobic on dead inflorescence
leaf (dead)		dead leaf is decayed by immersed pseudothecium			Paraphaeosphaeria michotii	an ascomycete	Pleosporales: Montagnulaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Montagnulaceae/Paraphaeosphaeria michotii/	Paraphaeosphaeria michotii	an ascomycete		immersed		pseudothecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Juncaceae/Juncus inflexus/	Juncus inflexus	hard rush		dead	leaf				(1-7)	immersed pseudothecium is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead)		dead leaf is decayed by apothecium			Cistella fugiens	a discomycete	Helotiales: Hyaloscyphaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Hyaloscyphaceae/Cistella fugiens/	Cistella fugiens	a discomycete				apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Juncaceae/Juncus inflexus/	Juncus inflexus	hard rush		dead	leaf				(12-10)	apothecium is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead)		dead leaf is decayed by apothecium			Hyaloscypha paludosa	a discomycete	Helotiales: Hyaloscyphaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Hyaloscyphaceae/Hyaloscypha paludosa/	Hyaloscypha paludosa	a discomycete				apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Juncaceae/Juncus inflexus/	Juncus inflexus	hard rush		dead	leaf				(6-10)	apothecium is saprobic on dead leaf
stem (dead, rotting)		dead, rotting stem is decayed by sessile apothecium			Mollisia palustris	a discomycete	Helotiales: Dermateaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Mollisia palustris/	Mollisia palustris	a discomycete		sessile		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Juncaceae/Juncus inflexus/	Juncus inflexus	hard rush		dead, rotting	stem				(3-10)	sessile apothecium is saprobic on dead, rotting stem
stem (dead)		dead stem is decayed by immersed pseudothecium			Paraphaeosphaeria michotii	an ascomycete	Pleosporales: Montagnulaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Montagnulaceae/Paraphaeosphaeria michotii/	Paraphaeosphaeria michotii	an ascomycete		immersed		pseudothecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Juncaceae/Juncus inflexus/	Juncus inflexus	hard rush		dead	stem				(1-7)	immersed pseudothecium is saprobic on dead stem
stem (dead)		dead stem is decayed by erumpent apothecium			Niptera melatephra	a discomycete	Helotiales: Dermateaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Niptera melatephra/	Niptera melatephra	a discomycete		erumpent		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Juncaceae/Juncus inflexus/	Juncus inflexus	hard rush		dead	stem				(6-7)	erumpent apothecium is saprobic on dead stem
stem (dead)		dead stem is decayed by apothecium			Cistella fugiens	a discomycete	Helotiales: Hyaloscyphaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Hyaloscyphaceae/Cistella fugiens/	Cistella fugiens	a discomycete				apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Juncaceae/Juncus inflexus/	Juncus inflexus	hard rush		dead	stem				(12-10)	apothecium is saprobic on dead stem
stem (dead)		dead stem is decayed by apothecium			Hyaloscypha paludosa	a discomycete	Helotiales: Hyaloscyphaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Hyaloscyphaceae/Hyaloscypha paludosa/	Hyaloscypha paludosa	a discomycete				apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Juncaceae/Juncus inflexus/	Juncus inflexus	hard rush		dead	stem				(6-10)	apothecium is saprobic on dead stem
stem (dead)		dead stem is decayed by very short-stalked apothecium			Lachnum diminutum	a discomycete	Helotiales: Lachnaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Lachnaceae/Lachnum diminutum/	Lachnum diminutum	a discomycete		very short-stalked		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Juncaceae/Juncus inflexus/	Juncus inflexus	hard rush		dead	stem				(5-10)	very short-stalked apothecium is saprobic on dead stem

Juncus inflexus (Hard Rush) may also be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Juncus
(rushes)

JUNCACEAE
(rushes and wood-rushes)

LILIIDAE
(monocotyledonous flowering plants)

MAGNOLIOPSIDA
(flowering plants)

TRACHEOPHYTA
(vascular plants)

PLANTAE
(plants)

Herbaceous Plants
(herbaceous plants)

Author & Year	Title	Source
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook	2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota	517pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew

Taxonomic hierarchy:

Species	Juncus inflexus (Hard Rush)
Genus	Juncus (rushes)
Family	JUNCACEAE (rushes and wood-rushes)
Order	POALES (grasses, sedges & rushes)
Subclass	LILIIDAE (monocotyledonous flowering plants)
Class	MAGNOLIOPSIDA (flowering plants)
Phylum	TRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
Kingdom	PLANTAE (plants)
Domain	Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Life	BIOTA (living things)

Juncus inflexus is also a member of:
Herbaceous Plants - herbaceous plants (via Liliidae)

NBN

NBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Juncus inflexus (Hard Rush)

Juncus inflexus (Hard Rush) may be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

Juncus
(rushes)

JUNCACEAE
(rushes and wood-rushes)

LILIIDAE
(monocotyledonous flowering plants)

MAGNOLIOPSIDA
(flowering plants)

TRACHEOPHYTA
(vascular plants)

PLANTAE
(plants)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Juncus inflexus (Hard Rush):

Juncus
(rushes)

JUNCACEAE
(rushes and wood-rushes)

POALES
(grasses, sedges & rushes)

LILIIDAE
(monocotyledonous flowering plants)

MAGNOLIOPSIDA
(flowering plants)

TRACHEOPHYTA
(vascular plants)

PLANTAE
(plants)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

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