Linaria vulgaris Mill.
(Common Toadflax)

Interactions where Linaria vulgaris is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'References').

Filters:

Affected Part Summary Taxon Vernacular Classification References Darwin Classification of Active Taxon Active Taxon Active Vernacular Active Taxon Uncertain Active State Active Part Active Stage Relationship Relationship Uncertain Relationship Geography Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon Passive Taxon Passive Vernacular Passive Taxon Uncertain Passive State Passive Part Passive Stage Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon Indoors etc Season Summary
is foodplant of larva Mecinus janthinus a weevil Coleoptera: Curculionidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Mecinus janthinus/Mecinus janthinusa weevillarva Foodplant / feeds on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Plantaginaceae/Linaria vulgaris/Linaria vulgariscommon toadflax larva feeds on
is foodplant of larva Rhinusa antirrhini a weevil Coleoptera: Curculionidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Rhinusa antirrhini/Rhinusa antirrhinia weevillarva Foodplant / feeds on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Plantaginaceae/Linaria vulgaris/Linaria vulgariscommon toadflax larva feeds on
is foodplant of larva Rhinusa collina a weevil Coleoptera: Curculionidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Rhinusa collina/Rhinusa collinaa weevillarva Foodplant / feeds on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Plantaginaceae/Linaria vulgaris/Linaria vulgariscommon toadflax larva feeds on
is foodplant of larva Rhinusa linariae a weevil Coleoptera: Curculionidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Rhinusa linariae/Rhinusa linariaea weevillarva Foodplant / feeds on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Plantaginaceae/Linaria vulgaris/Linaria vulgariscommon toadflax larva feeds on
(live) live is parasitised by sporangium UK/Ireland Peronospora linariae a downy mildew Peronosporales: Peronosporaceae A Checklist of the Downy Mildews (Peronosporaceae) of the British Isles, Preece, T.F., 2002
 /Chromista/Oomycota/Peronosporea/Peronosporales/Peronosporaceae/Peronospora linariae/Peronospora linariaea downy mildewsporangium Foodplant / parasiteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Plantaginaceae/Linaria vulgaris/Linaria vulgariscommon toadflaxlive sporangium parasitises live
leaf leaf is grazed by adult Captivity Chrysolina haemoptera Plantain Leaf Beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Chrysolina haemoptera/Chrysolina haemopteraplantain leaf beetleadult Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Plantaginaceae/Linaria vulgaris/Linaria vulgariscommon toadflaxleaf Indoors, in greenhouse, captivity, culture or experimentally inducedadult grazes on leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is grazed by larva Chrysolina sanguinolenta Toadflax Leaf Beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Chrysolina sanguinolenta/Chrysolina sanguinolentatoadflax leaf beetlelarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Plantaginaceae/Linaria vulgaris/Linaria vulgariscommon toadflaxliveleaf larva grazes on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is grazed by adult Chrysolina sanguinolenta Toadflax Leaf Beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Chrysolina sanguinolenta/Chrysolina sanguinolentatoadflax leaf beetleadult Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Plantaginaceae/Linaria vulgaris/Linaria vulgariscommon toadflaxliveleaf (3-10)adult grazes on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is foodplant of amphigenous colony of Didymaria anamorph Didymaria linariae an anamorphic fungus Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Didymaria linariae/Didymaria linariaean anamorphic fungusamphigenouscolonyDidymaria anamorph Foodplant / feeds on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Plantaginaceae/Linaria vulgaris/Linaria vulgariscommon toadflaxliveleaf amphigenous colony of Didymaria anamorph feeds on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is spotted by amphigenous, punctiform to subeffuse, greyish white caespituli of Ramularia anamorph UK/Ireland Ramularia linariae an anamorphic fungus Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol II, Braun, U., 1998
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Ramularia linariae/Ramularia linariaean anamorphic fungusamphigenous, punctiform to subeffuse, greyish whitecaespituliRamularia anamorph Foodplant / spot causerUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Plantaginaceae/Linaria vulgaris/Linaria vulgariscommon toadflaxliveleaf amphigenous, punctiform to subeffuse, greyish white caespituli of Ramularia anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf may be infected and damaged by amphigenous colony of Mycocentrospora anamorph Foreign Mycocentrospora linariae (A Dematiaceous Fungus) Pleosporales Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol 1, Braun, U., 1995
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Mycocentrospora linariae/Mycocentrospora linariae(a dematiaceous fungus)amphigenouscolonyMycocentrospora anamorph Foodplant / pathogenForeign /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Plantaginaceae/Linaria vulgaris/Linaria vulgariscommon toadflaxliveleaf amphigenous colony of Mycocentrospora anamorph infects and damages live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is parasitised by mostly hypophyllous sorus UK/Ireland Entyloma linariae a smut fungus Entylomatales: Entylomataceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Ustilaginomycetes/Entylomatales/Entylomataceae/Entyloma linariae/Entyloma linariaea smut fungusmostly hypophylloussorus Foodplant / parasiteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Plantaginaceae/Linaria vulgaris/Linaria vulgariscommon toadflaxliveleaf (10)mostly hypophyllous sorus parasitises live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is parasitised by embedded sorus UK/Ireland Melanotaenium cingens a smut fungus Ustilaginales: Melanotaeniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Ustilaginomycetes/Ustilaginales/Melanotaeniaceae/Melanotaenium cingens/Melanotaenium cingensa smut fungusembeddedsorus Foodplant / parasiteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Plantaginaceae/Linaria vulgaris/Linaria vulgariscommon toadflaxliveleaf (7-8)embedded sorus parasitises live leaf
stem (live) live stem is galled by larva Aulacidea hieracii Hawkweed Stem-gall Wasp Hymenoptera: Cynipidae Hymenoptera - Cynipoidea, Key to families and subfamilies and Cynipinae (including galls), Eady R.D. & Quinlan, J., 1963
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Cynipidae/Aulacidea hieracii/Aulacidea hieraciihawkweed stem-gall wasplarva Foodplant / gall /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Plantaginaceae/Linaria vulgaris/Linaria vulgariscommon toadflaxlivestem larva causes gall of live stem
stem (live) live stem may be infected and damaged by amphigenous colony of Mycocentrospora anamorph Foreign Mycocentrospora linariae (A Dematiaceous Fungus) Pleosporales Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol 1, Braun, U., 1995
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Mycocentrospora linariae/Mycocentrospora linariae(a dematiaceous fungus)amphigenouscolonyMycocentrospora anamorph Foodplant / pathogenForeign /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Plantaginaceae/Linaria vulgaris/Linaria vulgariscommon toadflaxlivestem amphigenous colony of Mycocentrospora anamorph infects and damages live stem
stem (live) live stem is parasitised by embedded sorus UK/Ireland Melanotaenium cingens a smut fungus Ustilaginales: Melanotaeniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Ustilaginomycetes/Ustilaginales/Melanotaeniaceae/Melanotaenium cingens/Melanotaenium cingensa smut fungusembeddedsorus Foodplant / parasiteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Plantaginaceae/Linaria vulgaris/Linaria vulgariscommon toadflaxlivestem (7-8)embedded sorus parasitises live stem

Linaria vulgaris (Common Toadflax) may also be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Author & YearTitleSource
Braun, U., 1995Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol 1Phytopathogenic Hyphomycetes, 1, 333pp, IHW-Verlag
Braun, U., 1998Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol IIPhytopathogenic Hyphomycetes, 2, 493pp, IHW-Verlag
Bullock, J.A., 1992Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations11a, 24pp, Amateur Entomologists’ Society
Cox, M.L., 2007Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland336pp, Pisces Publications
Eady R.D. & Quinlan, J., 1963Hymenoptera - Cynipoidea, Key to families and subfamilies and Cynipinae (including galls)Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol VIII, Part 1 (a), 81pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota517pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Preece, T.F., 2002A Checklist of the Downy Mildews (Peronosporaceae) of the British Isles33pp, British Mycological Society
Taxonomic hierarchy:
SpeciesLinaria vulgaris (Common Toadflax)
GenusLinaria (Bot.) (toadflaxes)
FamilyPLANTAGINACEAE (toadflaxes, speedwells, foxgloves and plantains)
OrderLAMIALES (dead-nettles, eye-brights, foxgloves and speedwells)
SubclassEU-DICOTS (dicotyledonous flowering plants)
ClassMAGNOLIOPSIDA (flowering plants)
PhylumTRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
KingdomPLANTAE (plants)
DomainEukaryota (eukaryotes)
LifeBIOTA (living things)
NBNNBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Linaria vulgaris (Common Toadflax)

Linaria vulgaris (Common Toadflax) may be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Linaria vulgaris (Common Toadflax):

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