Monographella nivalis (Schaffnit) E. Müll.
(Snow Mould, "Fusarium Patch" - causative organism)

Interactions where Monographella nivalis is the controlling partner and gains from the process

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'References').

Stage		Summary			Taxon	Vernacular	Classification	References	Darwin Classification of Active Taxon	Active Taxon	Active Vernacular	Active Taxon Uncertain	Active State	Active Part	Active Stage	Relationship	Relationship Uncertain	Relationship Geography	Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon	Passive Taxon	Passive Vernacular	Passive Taxon Uncertain	Passive State	Passive Part	Passive Stage	Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon	Indoors etc	Season
Fusarium anamorph		Fusarium anamorph infects and damages leaf sheath (usually close to stem base)			Agrostis stolonifera	Creeping Bent	Poales: Poaceae	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Amphisphaeriaceae/Monographella nivalis/	Monographella nivalis	snow mould, "Fusarium patch" (causative organism)				Fusarium anamorph	Foodplant / pathogen			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Agrostis stolonifera/	Agrostis stolonifera	creeping bent			leaf sheath (usually close to stem base)		Major		(mainly 10-3)
Fusarium anamorph		Fusarium anamorph infects and damages leaf sheath (usually close to stem base)			Avena	oats	Poales: Poaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Amphisphaeriaceae/Monographella nivalis/	Monographella nivalis	snow mould, "Fusarium patch" (causative organism)				Fusarium anamorph	Foodplant / pathogen			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Avena/	Avena	oats			leaf sheath (usually close to stem base)
perithecium (immersed)		immersed perithecium infects and damages leaf sheath (usually close to stem base)			Avena	oats	Poales: Poaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Amphisphaeriaceae/Monographella nivalis/	Monographella nivalis	snow mould, "Fusarium patch" (causative organism)		immersed		perithecium	Foodplant / pathogen			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Avena/	Avena	oats			leaf sheath (usually close to stem base)
Fusarium anamorph		Fusarium anamorph infects and damages leaf sheath (usually close to stem base)			Festuca ovina agg.	sheep’s fescue agg.	Poales: Poaceae	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Amphisphaeriaceae/Monographella nivalis/	Monographella nivalis	snow mould, "Fusarium patch" (causative organism)				Fusarium anamorph	Foodplant / pathogen			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Festuca ovina agg./	Festuca ovina agg.	sheep's fescue agg.			leaf sheath (usually close to stem base)		Major		(mainly 10-3)
Fusarium anamorph		Fusarium anamorph infects and damages leaf sheath (usually close to stem base)			Festuca rubra agg.	red fescues	Poales: Poaceae	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Amphisphaeriaceae/Monographella nivalis/	Monographella nivalis	snow mould, "Fusarium patch" (causative organism)				Fusarium anamorph	Foodplant / pathogen			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Festuca rubra agg./	Festuca rubra agg.	red fescues			leaf sheath (usually close to stem base)		Major		(mainly 10-3)
Fusarium anamorph		Fusarium anamorph infects and damages leaf sheath (usually close to stem base)			Poa annua	Annual Meadow-grass	Poales: Poaceae	Fungal Diseases of Sports Turf, Baldwin, N.A., 1990 Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Amphisphaeriaceae/Monographella nivalis/	Monographella nivalis	snow mould, "Fusarium patch" (causative organism)				Fusarium anamorph	Foodplant / pathogen			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Poa annua/	Poa annua	annual meadow-grass			leaf sheath (usually close to stem base)		Major		(mainly 10-3)
Fusarium anamorph		Fusarium anamorph infects and damages leaf sheath (usually close to stem base)			Elytrigia repens ssp repens	Common Couch	Poales: Poaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Amphisphaeriaceae/Monographella nivalis/	Monographella nivalis	snow mould, "Fusarium patch" (causative organism)				Fusarium anamorph	Foodplant / pathogen			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Elytrigia repens subsp. repens/	Elytrigia repens subsp. repens	common couch			leaf sheath (usually close to stem base)
perithecium (immersed)		immersed perithecium infects and damages leaf sheath (usually close to stem base)			Elytrigia repens ssp repens	Common Couch	Poales: Poaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Amphisphaeriaceae/Monographella nivalis/	Monographella nivalis	snow mould, "Fusarium patch" (causative organism)		immersed		perithecium	Foodplant / pathogen			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Elytrigia repens subsp. repens/	Elytrigia repens subsp. repens	common couch			leaf sheath (usually close to stem base)
Fusarium anamorph		Fusarium anamorph infects and damages leaf sheath (usually close to stem base)			Hordeum	barleys	Poales: Poaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Amphisphaeriaceae/Monographella nivalis/	Monographella nivalis	snow mould, "Fusarium patch" (causative organism)				Fusarium anamorph	Foodplant / pathogen			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Hordeum/	Hordeum	barleys			leaf sheath (usually close to stem base)
perithecium (immersed)		immersed perithecium infects and damages leaf sheath (usually close to stem base)			Hordeum	barleys	Poales: Poaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Amphisphaeriaceae/Monographella nivalis/	Monographella nivalis	snow mould, "Fusarium patch" (causative organism)		immersed		perithecium	Foodplant / pathogen			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Hordeum/	Hordeum	barleys			leaf sheath (usually close to stem base)
Fusarium anamorph		Fusarium anamorph infects and damages leaf sheath (usually close to stem base)			Triticum	wheats	Poales: Poaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Amphisphaeriaceae/Monographella nivalis/	Monographella nivalis	snow mould, "Fusarium patch" (causative organism)				Fusarium anamorph	Foodplant / pathogen			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Triticum/	Triticum	wheats			leaf sheath (usually close to stem base)
perithecium (immersed)		immersed perithecium infects and damages leaf sheath (usually close to stem base)			Triticum	wheats	Poales: Poaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Amphisphaeriaceae/Monographella nivalis/	Monographella nivalis	snow mould, "Fusarium patch" (causative organism)		immersed		perithecium	Foodplant / pathogen			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Triticum/	Triticum	wheats			leaf sheath (usually close to stem base)

Monographella nivalis (Snow Mould, "Fusarium Patch" - causative organism) may also be included in 'feeds on' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Monographella nivalis (Snow Mould, "Fusarium Patch" - causative organism) may be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Pyrenomycetes
(charcoal fungi)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

Author & Year	Title	Source
Baldwin, N.A., 1990	Fungal Diseases of Sports Turf	Mycologist Vol 4 (1): 16-19.
Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants	Collins Photoguide, 2nd edition edition, Collins
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook	2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd

Taxonomic hierarchy:

Species	Monographella nivalis (Snow Mould, "Fusarium Patch" - causative organism)
Family	AMPHISPHAERIACEAE (a family of pyrenomycetes)
Order	XYLARIALES (an order of pyrenomycetes)
Subclass	SORDARIOMYCETIDAE (a subclass of ascomycetes and lichens)
Class	SORDARIOMYCETES (a class of ascomycetes)
Subphylum	PEZIZOMYCOTINA (a subphylum of ascomycetes)
Phylum	ASCOMYCOTA (spore shooters, ascomycete)
Kingdom	FUNGI (true fungi)
Domain	Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Life	BIOTA (living things)

Monographella nivalis is also a member of:
Pyrenomycetes - charcoal fungi (via Sordariomycetes)
Micromycetes - microfungi (via Ascomycota)
Fungi s.l. - fungi (in the broad sense) (via Fungi)
Lower Plants - lower plants (via Fungi s.l.)

NBN

NBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Monographella nivalis (Snow Mould, "Fusarium Patch" - causative organism)

Identification Works

	Author	Year	Title	Source
	Baldwin, N.A.	1990	Fungal Diseases of Sports Turf	Mycologist Vol 4 (1): 16-19.
	Fox, R.T.V.	2003	Fungal foes in your garden no 56: Pink Snow Mould of Grasses	Mycologist Vol 17 (3): 131-132.

Monographella nivalis (Snow Mould, "Fusarium Patch" - causative organism) may also be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

AMPHISPHAERIACEAE
(a family of pyrenomycetes)

ASCOMYCOTA
(spore shooters, ascomycete)

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Pyrenomycetes
(charcoal fungi)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Monographella nivalis (Snow Mould, "Fusarium Patch" - causative organism):

AMPHISPHAERIACEAE
(a family of pyrenomycetes)

ASCOMYCOTA
(spore shooters, ascomycete)

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Pyrenomycetes
(charcoal fungi)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

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