Refractohilum galligenum D. Hawksw.
(a lichenicolous anamorphic ascomycete)

Interactions where Refractohilum galligenum is the controlling partner and gains from the process

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'References').

Stage Summary Taxon Vernacular Classification References Darwin Classification of Active Taxon Active Taxon Active Vernacular Active Taxon Uncertain Active State Active Part Active Stage Relationship Relationship Uncertain Relationship Geography Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon Passive Taxon Passive Vernacular Passive Taxon Uncertain Passive State Passive Part Passive Stage Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon Indoors etc Season
Refractohilum anamorph colony of Refractohilum anamorph causes galls on discoloured, bullate thallus UK/Ireland Nephroma laevigatum a lichen Peltigerales: Nephromataceae Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
The Lichenicolous Hyphomycetes, Hawksworth, D.L., 1979
A Key to the Lichen-forming, Parasitic, Parasymbiotic and Saprophytic Fungi occurring on Lichens in the British Isles, Hawksworth, D.L., 1983
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Refractohilum galligenum/Refractohilum galligenuma lichenicolous anamorphic ascomycetecolonyRefractohilum anamorph Lichen / gallUK and/or Eire /Fungi/Ascomycota/Lecanoromycetes/Peltigerales/Nephromataceae/Nephroma laevigatum/Nephroma laevigatuma lichendiscoloured, bullatethallus

Refractohilum galligenum (a lichenicolous anamorphic ascomycete) may also be included in 'feeds on' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Refractohilum galligenum (a lichenicolous anamorphic ascomycete) may be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Author & YearTitleSource
Dennis, R.W.G., 1995Fungi of the South East England383pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Hawksworth, D.L., 1979The Lichenicolous HyphomycetesBull. Br. mus. nat. hist. bot. Vol 6 (3): 183-300.
Hawksworth, D.L., 1983A Key to the Lichen-forming, Parasitic, Parasymbiotic and Saprophytic Fungi occurring on Lichens in the British Isles44pp, The British Lichen Society
Taxonomic hierarchy:
Anamorphic SpeciesRefractohilum galligenum (a lichenicolous anamorphic ascomycete)
Form genusRefractohilum (a genus of lichenicolous anamorphic fungi)
SubphylumPEZIZOMYCOTINA (a subphylum of ascomycetes)
PhylumASCOMYCOTA (spore shooters, ascomycete)
KingdomFUNGI (true fungi)
DomainEukaryota (eukaryotes)
LifeBIOTA (living things)
NBNNBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Refractohilum galligenum (a lichenicolous anamorphic ascomycete)

Identification Works

AuthorYearTitleSource
Hawksworth, D.L. 2004 Fungi living on lichens: a source of unexplored diversity British Wildlife Vol 15, No. 3: 192-199.

Refractohilum galligenum (a lichenicolous anamorphic ascomycete) may also be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Refractohilum galligenum (a lichenicolous anamorphic ascomycete):

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