| BioInfo (UK) |
|
BIOTA (living things) |
|
Eukaryota (eukaryotes) |
|
PLANTAE (plants) |
|
SPERMATOPHYTA (vascular plants) |
|
Spermatophyta is also a member of: |
|
Macrophytes (via Spermatophyta) |
BioInfo (UK)
SPERMATOPHYTA (vascular plants)
BioImages (www.bioimages.org.uk)
has 16895 images of SPERMATOPHYTA (vascular plants)
Subtaxa
| Rank | Taxon |  |
 |
 |
|---|
| Class | MAGNOLIOPSIDA (flowering plants) | 1297 | 900 | 37540 |
| Class | PINOPSIDA (conifers) | 23 | 16 | 3862 |
| Informal | (Aquatic plants) (Aquatic Plants) | 23 | 41 | 323 |
| Informal | (Ectomycorrhizal trees and shrubs) (Ectomycorrhizal or Ectotrophic Mycorrhizal Trees and Shrubs) | 59 | 110 | 11150 |
| Informal | (Endomycorrhizal trees and shrubs) (Endomycorrhizal or Endotrophic Mycorrhizal Trees and Shrubs) | 12 | 3 | 332 |
| Informal | (Evergreen trees and shrubs) (Evergreens) | 36 | 16 | 3431 |
| Informal | (Trees) (Broadleaved and Coniferous Trees) | 96 | 129 | 17318 |
| Informal | (Trees and shrubs) | 232 | 196 | 22836 |
| Informal | (Trees with bark of high pH) (Basic Barked Trees) | 5 | 8 | 993 |
| Informal | (Trees with bark of low pH) (Acid Barked Trees) | 26 | 35 | 5994 |
| Informal | (Trees with bark of middle pH) (Neutral Barked Species, Mesic Barked Species) | 22 | 26 | 3331 |
| Informal | (Trees, shrubs, woody and climbing plants) | 278 | 242 | 24384 |
Suggested Literature
Identification Works
| Interactive Flora of NW Europe: http://ip30.eti.uva.nl/bis/Flora.php | Interactive Flora of NW Europe |
| Photoflora: http://photoflora.free.fr | Photoflora |
| UK Botany discussion group: http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/UKBotany/join | UK Botany discussion group |
| Bentham, G. & Hooker, J.D., 1858 | Handbook of the British flora |
| Blamey, M. and Fitter, R. & A., 2003 | Wild Flowers of Britain and Ireland |
| British Ecological Society: Biological Flora Series: http://www.britishecologicalsociety.org/journals_publications/journalofecology/biologicalflora.php | British Ecological Society: Biological Flora Series |
| Butcher, R.W., 1961 | A New Illustrated British Flora (2 vols) |
| Clapham, A.R., Tutin, T.G. & Moore, D.M., 1985 | Flora of the British Isles |
| Clapham, A.R., Tutin, T.G. & Warburg, E.F., 1962 | Flora of the British Isles |
| Clapham, A.R., Tutin, T.G. & Warburg, E.F., 1968 | Excursion of Flora of the British Isles |
| Coste, H., 1937 | Flore descriptive et illustrée de la France et de la Corse et des contrées limitrophes |
| Keble Martin, W., 1965 | The Concise British Flora in Colour |
| Flora of Northern Ireland: http://www.habitas.org.uk/flora/index.html | Flora of Northern Ireland |
| Rich, T.C.G. & Jermy, C., 1998 | Plant Crib 1998 |
| Rich, T.C.G. & M.D.B. & Perring, F.H., 1988 | Plant Crib |
| Stace, C., 1997 | New Flora of the British Isles (Ed 2) |
| Stace, C., 1999 | Field Flora of the British Isles |
| Stace, C., 2010 | New Flora of the British Isles (Ed 3) |
| Wiggington, M.J. & Graham, G.G., 1981 | Guide to the Identification of some of the more Difficult Vascular Plant Species |
Aquatic plants | |
| Haslam S, Sinker, C., Wolseley, P., 1982 | British Water Plants |
Drawings | |
| Clapham, A.R., Tutin, T.G. & Warburg, E.F. (Roles, S.J. del), 1957 | Flora of the British Isles: Illustrations |
| Clement, E.J., Smith, D.P.J. & Thirlwell, I.R., 2005 | Illustrations of Alien Plants of the British Isles |
| Fitch, W.H. & Smith, W.G., 1949 | Illustrations of the British Flora |
Forensics | |
| Petraco, N. & Kubic, T., 2003 | Color Atlas and Manual of Microscopy for Criminalists, Chemists, and Conservators |
Hybrids | |
| Stace, C.A., 1975 | Hybridization in the British Flora |
Plant pathology | |
| Redfern, M. & Shirley, P., 2011 | British Plant Galls |
Leaf-miners | |
| The leaf and stem mines of British flies and other insects (TEST VERSION): http://www.ukflymines.co.uk | The leaf and stem mines of British flies and other insects (TEST VERSION) |
Pollen | |
| Beug, H-J, 2004 | Leitfaden der Pollenbestimmung für Mitteleuropa und angrenzende Gebiete |
| Chandler, J. & Rennison, D., 2005 | Pollen Identification for Beekeepers: an illustrated key to accompany Rex Sawyer's book |
| Faegri, K. & Iversen, J., 1989 | Which Plant?: Identification Keys for the North-west European Pollen Flora (extracted from the Textbook of Pollen Analysis) |
| Faegri, K. & Iverson, J. & Krzywinski K., 2000 | Textbook of Pollen Analysis |
| Moore, P.D., Webb, J.A. & Collinson, M.E., 1991 | Pollen Analysis |
| Punt, W., Blackmore, S., Hoen, P. & Stafford, P. | The Northwest European Pollen Flora |
| Wodehouse R., 1935 | Pollen grains. Their structure, identification and significance in science and medicine |
Seeds | |
| www.seabean.com: http://www.seabean.com | www.seabean.com |
| Digital Seed Atlas (Netherlands): http://www.seeds.eldoc.ub.rug.nl/root/ | Digital Seed Atlas (Netherlands) |
General Works
| Ecological Flora of the British Isles: http://www.ecoflora.co.uk | Ecological Flora of the British Isles |
| The Plant List: http://www.theplantlist.org/ | The Plant List |
| Clement, E.J. & Foster, M.C., 1995 | Alien Plants of the British Isles |
| Hill, M.O., Preston, C.D., & Roy, D.B., 2004 | PLANTATT: Attributes of British and Irish Plants: Status, Size, Life History, Geography and Habitats |
| Jefferson, R., 2004 | Insects and fleshy fruits |
| Lousley, J.E., 1951 | The Study of the Distribution of British Plants |
| Lousley, J.E., 1953 | The Changing Flora of Britain |
| National Plant Collections: http://www.nccpg.com/page.aspx?Page=05 | National Plant Collections |
| Pearman, D.A., Preston, C.D. & Dines, T.D., 2002 | The New Atlas of the British and Irish Flora |
| Preston, C.D., Pearman, D.A. & Dines, T.D. (eds), 2002 | New Atlas of the British and Irish Flora |
| Ramsey, J. & Schemske, D.W., 1998 | Pathways, mechanisms, and rates of polyploid formation in flowering plants |
| Rodwell, J.S. (ed), 1991 | British Plant Communities |
| Warburg, E.F., 1948 | Cytology and critical groups |
| Wilmott, A.J., 1948 | Intraspecific categories of variation |
Aquatic species | |
| Checklist of submerged and floating aquatic plants: http://www.wildlifebcnp.org/ecology-resources.htm | Checklist of submerged and floating aquatic plants |
Computers | |
| Lebbe, J., Nilsson, S., Praglowski, J., Vignes, R. & Hideux, M., 1987 | A microcomputer-aided method for identification of airborne pollen grains and spores |
Conservation | |
Aliens/Control | |
| RPS Ecoscope Applied Ecologists, 2006 | Strategic control of non-native invasive aquatic plants |
tools | |
| Leach, S.J. & Rusbridge, D.J., 2006 | A tool for assessing the current conservation status of vascular plants on SSSIs in England: May 2006 |
Endemics | |
| Rich, T., Hutchinson, G., Randall, R. & Ellis, R.G., 1999 | List of plants endemic to the British Isles |
Forensics | |
| Coyle, H.M., 2004 | Forensic Botany: Principles and Applications to Criminal Casework |
Garden plants | |
| RHS Gardening For All: http://www.rhs.org.uk/index.asp (Garden plants and their associated species) | RHS Gardening For All |
Journals | |
| British Wildlife | Journal |
| Flora | Journal |
| Hoppea, Denkschriften der Regensburgischen Botanischen Gesellschaft (Hoppea, Denkschr. Regensb. Bot. Ges.) | Journal |
| Journal of Botany | Journal |
| New Phytologist | Journal |
| Plant Ecology | Journal |
| Annals of Botany (Ann Bot) | Journal |
| BSBI News | Journal |
| New Journal of Botany | Journal |
| Proceedings of the BSBI | Journal |
| Watsonia | Journal |
| Hanburyana | Journal |
Plant galls | |
| Cecidology | Journal |
Plant pathology | |
| British Leafminers | Journal |
| Phytopathology | Journal |
| Plant Pathology | Journal |
| Plant Pathology Online | Journal |
| Plant Protection News | Journal |
| That Plant's Odd | Journal |
| New Disease Reports | Journal |
| CMI Descriptions of Pathenogenic Fungi and Bacteria | Journal |
| Plant Clinic News | Journal |
Regional | |
| Botanical Journal of Scotland | Journal |
Latin names | |
| Gledhill, D., 1985 | The Names of Plants |
Legal | |
| Patents on plants: http://www.patentgenius.com/class/PLT.html | Patents on plants |
Microscopy | |
| Marson, J.E., 1983 | Practical Microscopy |
Mycorrhiza | |
| Taylor, A.S. & Alexander, I., 2005 | The ectomycorrhizal symbiosis: life in the real world |
Mycorrhizas | |
| Amijee, F., 1989 | Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas: an ubiquitous symbiosis between fungi and roots of vascular plants |
Nature conservation | |
| Cheffings, C.M. & Farrell, L. (eds), 2005 | The Vascular Plant Red Data List for Great Britain |
| FRDBI Hosts: http://www.fieldmycology.net/FRDBI/assoc.asp | FRDBI Hosts |
| McHaffie, H.S., 2005 | An Introduction to Re-Introduction |
| Preston, C.D., 2004 | Should Conservationists continue to ignore plant hybrids? |
| Smith, R.M. & Roy, D.B., 2008 (Associated insects) | Revealing the foundations of biodiversity |
| Database of British Insects and Their Foodplants (DBIF): http://www.brc.ac.uk/dbif | Database of British Insects and Their Foodplants (DBIF) |
Plant pathology | |
| HYP3: Species - Crop diseases: http://www.inra.fr/internet/Produits/HYP3/species.htm | HYP3: Species - Crop diseases |
| HYPPZ: Species - Crop pests: http://www.inra.fr/internet/Produits/HYPPZ/species.htm | HYPPZ: Species - Crop pests |
| Netherlands Plant Protection Service - pest reports: http://www.vwa.nl/onderwerpen/english/dossier/pest-reporting/pest-reports | Netherlands Plant Protection Service - pest reports |
| Anderson, R.V. & Mulvey, R.H., 1979 | Plant Parasitic Nematodes in Canada |
| Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998 | Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants |
| Bullock, J.A., 1992 | Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations |
| DEFRA Plant Health - Pests and Diseases: http://www.defra.gov.uk/planth/pests.htm | DEFRA Plant Health - Pests and Diseases |
| Fungal databases - Fungus-Host Distributions: http://nt.ars-grin.gov/fungaldatabases/fungushost/FungusHost.cfm | Fungal databases - Fungus-Host Distributions |
| Phytopathology.net: http://www.phytopathology.net | Phytopathology.net |
| Holliday, P., 1990 | A Dictionary of Plant Pathology |
| Ingram, D. & Robertson, N. | Plant Disease: A Natural History |
| Redfern, M. & Shirley, P., 2002 | British Plant Galls - Identification of galls on plants and fungi |
| Richardson, M.J., 1979 | An Annotated list of Seed-borne Diseases |
| Southey, J.F. (ed), 1965 | Plant Nematology |
Fungi | |
| Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 | Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook |
| Grove, W.B., 1913 | The British Rust Fungi (Uredinales) |
| Henderson, D.M., 2000 | A Checklist of the Rust Fungi of the British Isles |
| Henderson, D.M., 2004 | The Rust Fungi of the British Isles: A Guide to Identification by their Host Plants |
| Moore, W.C., 1959 | British Parasitic Fungi |
| Preece, T.F., 1996 | Downy Mildews, Powdery Mildews, Smuts & Rusts |
| Wilson, M., & Henderson, D., 1966 | British Rust Fungi |
Leaf-miners | |
| British Leafminers: http://www.leafmines.co.uk/ | British Leafminers |
| UK Leafminers discussion group: http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/ukleafminers/join | UK Leafminers discussion group |
| György Csóka, 2003 | Levélaknák és Levélaknázók - Leaf Mines and Leaf Miners |
| Robbins, R., 1990 | A Provisional Atlas of The Leaf Miners of Warwickshire, with notes on others occurring in the Midlands |
Plant galls | |
| British Galls: http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/british_galls/join | British Galls |
| British Plant Gall Society: http://www.british-galls.org.uk | British Plant Gall Society |
| Plantengallen: http://www.plantengallen.com/engels.htm | Plantengallen |
| PLANTGALLEN.COM - De site voor plantengallen bestuderend Nederland : http://www.plantengallen.com/ |
PLANTGALLEN.COM - De site voor plantengallen bestuderend Nederland |
| Pflanzengallen: http://www.pflanzengallen.de | Pflanzengallen |
| Connold, E.T., 1901 | British vegetable galls, an introduction to their study |
| Darlington, A., 1968 | A Pocket Encyclopedia of Plant Galls in colour |
| Houard, C., 1908 | Les zoocécidies des plantes d'Europe et du bassin de la Méditerranée: Description des galles |
| Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986 | Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls |
| Williams, M.A.J., 1994 | Plant Galls |
Viruses | |
| Plant Viruses Online : Index to Host Families: http://www.agls.uidaho.edu/ebi/vdie/famindex.htm | Plant Viruses Online : Index to Host Families |
Pollen | |
| Anon, 1998 | An Alternative Method of Collecting and Staining Pollen |
| Halbritter, H., Weber, M., Zetter, R., Frosch-Radivo, A., Buchner, R. & Hesse, M, 2010 | PalDat Illustrated Handbook on Pollen Terminology |
| PalDat Palynological Database: http://www.paldat.org/term.php | PalDat Palynological Database |
| White, J., 1999 | Pollen, its collection and preparation for the microscope |
| Wodehouse R., 1928 | The phylogenetic value of pollen grain characters |
Regional studies | |
| The Flora of Derbyshire: http://www.derby.gov.uk/dccwebdev/museum/flora/flora.aspx?gotopage=home | The Flora of Derbyshire |
Statutory | |
Protected species | |
| Leach, S.J. & Rusbridge, D.J., 2006 | A tool for assessing the current conservation status of vascular plants on SSSIs in England: May 2006 |
SPERMATOPHYTA may also be covered by literature listed under:
|
BIOTA (living things) |
Eukaryota (eukaryotes) |
PLANTAE (plants) |
Feeding and other inter-species relationships
Associated with SPERMATOPHYTA:
| flower | flower has sap sucked by |
Dolycoris baccarum - Hairy Shieldbug, Sloebug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) |
Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959 | |
| fruit | fruit has sap sucked by |
Dolycoris baccarum - Hairy Shieldbug, Sloebug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) |
Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959 |
Spermatophyta may be associated with more taxa listed at higher taxonomic level
|
PLANTAE (plants) |
References
| Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959 | Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles |
