Tylopilus felleus (Bull.) P. Karst.
(Bitter Bolete)

Interactions where Tylopilus felleus is the controlling partner and gains from the process

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'References').

Stage		Summary			Taxon	Vernacular	Classification	References	Darwin Classification of Active Taxon	Active Taxon	Active Vernacular	Active Taxon Uncertain	Active State	Active Part	Active Stage	Relationship	Relationship Uncertain	Relationship Geography	Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon	Passive Taxon	Passive Vernacular	Passive Taxon Uncertain	Passive State	Passive Part	Passive Stage	Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon	Indoors etc	Season
fruitbody		fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root			Castanea sativa	Sweet Chestnut	Fagales: Fagaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 Boletes and their allies, Watling, R., Hills, A.E, & Turnbull, E., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Boletaceae/Tylopilus felleus/	Tylopilus felleus	bitter bolete				fruitbody	Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Castanea sativa/	Castanea sativa	sweet chestnut		live	root		Major
fruitbody		fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root			Fagus	beeches	Fagales: Fagaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Boletaceae/Tylopilus felleus/	Tylopilus felleus	bitter bolete				fruitbody	Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza	Relationship uncertain		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Fagus/	Fagus	beeches		live	root		Major
fruitbody		fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root			Fagus sylvatica	Beech	Fagales: Fagaceae	Boletes and their allies, Watling, R., Hills, A.E, & Turnbull, E., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Boletaceae/Tylopilus felleus/	Tylopilus felleus	bitter bolete				fruitbody	Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Fagus sylvatica/	Fagus sylvatica	beech		live	root
fruitbody		fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root			Quercus	oaks	Fagales: Fagaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 Boletes and their allies, Watling, R., Hills, A.E, & Turnbull, E., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Boletaceae/Tylopilus felleus/	Tylopilus felleus	bitter bolete				fruitbody	Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus/	Quercus	oaks		live	root		Major
fruitbody		fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root			[Broadleaved trees]	broadleaved, frondose or deciduous trees		Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Boletaceae/Tylopilus felleus/	Tylopilus felleus	bitter bolete				fruitbody	Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza	Relationship uncertain		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Broadleaved trees/	Broadleaved trees	broadleaved, frondose or deciduous trees		live	root		Major
fruitbody		fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root			PINOPSIDA	conifers		Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 Boletes and their allies, Watling, R., Hills, A.E, & Turnbull, E., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Boletaceae/Tylopilus felleus/	Tylopilus felleus	bitter bolete				fruitbody	Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/	Pinopsida	conifers		live	root		Minor
fruitbody		fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root			Picea abies	Norway Spruce, Christmas Tree	Pinales: Pinaceae	Identification of ectomycorrhizal fungi by thin layer chromatography, Thoen, D., 1977	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Boletaceae/Tylopilus felleus/	Tylopilus felleus	bitter bolete				fruitbody	Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Pinaceae/Picea abies/	Picea abies	Norway spruce, Christmas tree		live	root
fruitbody		fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root			Pinus sylvestris	Scots Pine	Pinales: Pinaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Boletaceae/Tylopilus felleus/	Tylopilus felleus	bitter bolete				fruitbody	Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza	Relationship uncertain		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Pinaceae/Pinus sylvestris/	Pinus sylvestris	Scots pine		live	root		Minor

Tylopilus felleus (Bitter Bolete) may also be included in 'feeds on' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Ectomycorrhizal fungi
(fungi that form ectomycorrhizae)

Tylopilus felleus (Bitter Bolete) may be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

BOLETACEAE
(sponge cap toadstools)

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Macromycetes
(larger fungi, macrofungi)

Ectomycorrhizal fungi
(fungi that form ectomycorrhizae)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

Author & Year	Title	Source
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota	517pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Thoen, D., 1977	Identification of ectomycorrhizal fungi by thin layer chromatography	Bull. Br. mycol. Soc. Vol 11 (1): 39-43.
Watling, R., Hills, A.E, & Turnbull, E., 2005	Boletes and their allies	British Fungus Flora, Vol 1, Revised and enlarged edition edition, 173pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh

Taxonomic hierarchy:

Species	Tylopilus felleus (Bitter Bolete)
Family	BOLETACEAE (sponge cap toadstools)
Order	BOLETALES (spongecap toadstools and their relatives)
Subclass	AGARICOMYCETIDAE (a subclass of basidiomycetes)
Class	AGARICOMYCETES (a class of fungi)
Subphylum	AGARICOMYCOTINA
Phylum	BASIDIOMYCOTA (spore droppers)
Kingdom	FUNGI (true fungi)
Domain	Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Life	BIOTA (living things)

Tylopilus felleus is also a member of:
Macromycetes - larger fungi, macrofungi (via Boletaceae)
Ectomycorrhizal fungi - fungi that form ectomycorrhizae (via Boletaceae)
Fungi s.l. - fungi (in the broad sense) (via Fungi)
Lower Plants - lower plants (via Fungi s.l.)

NBN

NBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Tylopilus felleus (Bitter Bolete)

Identification Works

	Author	Year	Title	Source
	Knudsen, H. & Taylor, A.			Knudsen, H, Lange. C. & Knutsson. T. Agaricus L.: Fr., Funga Nordica

Tylopilus felleus (Bitter Bolete) may also be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

BOLETACEAE
(sponge cap toadstools)

BOLETALES
(spongecap toadstools and their relatives)

AGARICOMYCETIDAE
(a subclass of basidiomycetes)

AGARICOMYCETES
(a class of fungi)

BASIDIOMYCOTA
(spore droppers)

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Macromycetes
(larger fungi, macrofungi)

Ectomycorrhizal fungi
(fungi that form ectomycorrhizae)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Tylopilus felleus (Bitter Bolete):

BOLETACEAE
(sponge cap toadstools)

BOLETALES
(spongecap toadstools and their relatives)

AGARICOMYCETIDAE
(a subclass of basidiomycetes)

AGARICOMYCETES
(a class of fungi)

BASIDIOMYCOTA
(spore droppers)

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Macromycetes
(larger fungi, macrofungi)

Ectomycorrhizal fungi
(fungi that form ectomycorrhizae)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

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