Uromyces ficariae (Schumach.) Lév.
(Bitter Chocolate Rust, Celandine Rust)

Interactions where Uromyces ficariae is the controlling partner and gains from the process

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'References').

Stage		Summary			Taxon	Vernacular	Classification	References	Darwin Classification of Active Taxon	Active Taxon	Active Vernacular	Active Taxon Uncertain	Active State	Active Part	Active Stage	Relationship	Relationship Uncertain	Relationship Geography	Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon	Passive Taxon	Passive Vernacular	Passive Taxon Uncertain	Passive State	Passive Part	Passive Stage	Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon	Indoors etc	Season
telium		telium parasitises live petiole			Ficaria verna	Lesser Celandine	Ranunculales: Ranunculaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Uromyces ficariae/	Uromyces ficariae	bitter chocolate rust, celandine rust				telium	Foodplant / parasite			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ranunculales/Ranunculaceae/Ficaria verna/	Ficaria verna	lesser celandine		live	petiole		Sole		(3-5)
telium (amphigenous)		amphigenous telium parasitises live leaf			Ficaria verna	Lesser Celandine	Ranunculales: Ranunculaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Uromyces ficariae/	Uromyces ficariae	bitter chocolate rust, celandine rust		amphigenous		telium	Foodplant / parasite			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ranunculales/Ranunculaceae/Ficaria verna/	Ficaria verna	lesser celandine		live	leaf		Sole		(3-5)
telium		telium parasitises live petiole			Ficaria verna ssp fertilis	a lesser celandine	Ranunculales: Ranunculaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Uromyces ficariae/	Uromyces ficariae	bitter chocolate rust, celandine rust				telium	Foodplant / parasite			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ranunculales/Ranunculaceae/Ficaria verna subsp. fertilis/	Ficaria verna subsp. fertilis	a lesser celandine		live	petiole				(3-5)
telium (amphigenous)		amphigenous telium parasitises live leaf			Ficaria verna ssp fertilis	a lesser celandine	Ranunculales: Ranunculaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Uromyces ficariae/	Uromyces ficariae	bitter chocolate rust, celandine rust		amphigenous		telium	Foodplant / parasite			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ranunculales/Ranunculaceae/Ficaria verna subsp. fertilis/	Ficaria verna subsp. fertilis	a lesser celandine		live	leaf				(3-5)
telium		telium parasitises live petiole			Ficaria verna ssp verna	a lesser celandine	Ranunculales: Ranunculaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Uromyces ficariae/	Uromyces ficariae	bitter chocolate rust, celandine rust				telium	Foodplant / parasite			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ranunculales/Ranunculaceae/Ficaria verna subsp. verna/	Ficaria verna subsp. verna	a lesser celandine		live	petiole				(3-5)
telium (amphigenous)		amphigenous telium parasitises live leaf			Ficaria verna ssp verna	a lesser celandine	Ranunculales: Ranunculaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Uromyces ficariae/	Uromyces ficariae	bitter chocolate rust, celandine rust		amphigenous		telium	Foodplant / parasite			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ranunculales/Ranunculaceae/Ficaria verna subsp. verna/	Ficaria verna subsp. verna	a lesser celandine		live	leaf				(3-5)

Uromyces ficariae (Bitter Chocolate Rust, Celandine Rust) may also be included in 'feeds on' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Uromyces ficariae (Bitter Chocolate Rust, Celandine Rust) may be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

PUCCINIALES
(rust fungi)

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

Author & Year	Title	Source
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook	2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota	517pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew

Taxonomic hierarchy:

Species	Uromyces ficariae (Bitter Chocolate Rust, Celandine Rust)
Genus	Uromyces (a genus of rust fungi)
Family	PUCCINIACEAE (a family of rust fungi)
Order	PUCCINIALES (rust fungi)
Class	PUCCINIOMYCETES (pucciniomycete fungi)
Subphylum	PUCCINIOMYCOTINA (a subphylum of fungi)
Phylum	BASIDIOMYCOTA (spore droppers)
Kingdom	FUNGI (true fungi)
Domain	Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Life	BIOTA (living things)

Uromyces ficariae is also a member of:
Micromycetes - microfungi (via Pucciniomycetes)
Fungi s.l. - fungi (in the broad sense) (via Fungi)
Lower Plants - lower plants (via Fungi s.l.)

NBN

NBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Uromyces ficariae (Bitter Chocolate Rust, Celandine Rust)

Identification Works

	Author	Year	Title	Source
	Shattock, R.C.	2004	Microcyclic rusts, m-haustoria and … mycophyllas?	Field Mycology Vol 5 (4): 132-136.

Uromyces ficariae (Bitter Chocolate Rust, Celandine Rust) may also be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

PUCCINIALES
(rust fungi)

PUCCINIOMYCETES
(pucciniomycete fungi)

BASIDIOMYCOTA
(spore droppers)

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Uromyces ficariae (Bitter Chocolate Rust, Celandine Rust):

PUCCINIACEAE
(a family of rust fungi)

PUCCINIALES
(rust fungi)

PUCCINIOMYCETES
(pucciniomycete fungi)

BASIDIOMYCOTA
(spore droppers)

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

A common rust on Lesser Celandine (the sole host) where the telia form dark brown lesions on the petioles and both surfaces of the leaves. The aecia are unknown.

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