Cardueae
(“thistles”)

Cardueae (“thistles”) may be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

ASTERACEAE
(daisies, dandelions and thistles, composite)

EU-DICOTS
(dicotyledonous flowering plants)

MAGNOLIOPSIDA
(flowering plants)

TRACHEOPHYTA
(vascular plants)

PLANTAE
(plants)

Herbaceous Plants
(herbaceous plants)

Subtaxon	Rank	Featured subtaxa	No of interactions	No of references
Arctium burdocks	Genus	4 subtaxa	93 trophisms	3 references
Carduus a genus of thistles	Genus	4 subtaxa	95 trophisms
Centaurea knapweeds and star-thistles	Genus	17 subtaxa	182 trophisms	2 references
Cirsium thistle	Genus	11 subtaxa	260 trophisms	3 references
Cnicus benedictus Blessed Thistle	Species		2 trophisms
Cynara cardoons, globe artichokes	Genus	1 subtaxa	13 trophisms
Echinops globe-thistles	Genus	6 subtaxa	11 trophisms
Saussurea alpina Alpine Saw-wort	Species		1 trophisms
Serratula tinctoria Saw-wort	Species		14 trophisms
Silybum eburneum a cultivated milk thistle	Species		1 trophisms
Silybum marianum Milk Thistle	Species		14 trophisms
[Carlina/Carduus/Cirsium] thistles	Informal	18 subtaxa	366 trophisms	3 references

Taxonomic hierarchy:

Tribe	Cardueae (“thistles”)
Subfamily	LACTUCOIDEAE (“dandelions”)
Family	ASTERACEAE (daisies, dandelions and thistles, composite)
Order	ASTERALES (daisies, dandelions, thistles and bell flowers)
Subclass	EU-DICOTS (dicotyledonous flowering plants)
Class	MAGNOLIOPSIDA (flowering plants)
Phylum	TRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
Kingdom	PLANTAE (plants)
Domain	Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Life	BIOTA (living things)

Cardueae is also a member of:
Herbaceous Plants - herbaceous plants (via Asteraceae)

Cardueae (“thistles”) may be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

ASTERACEAE
(daisies, dandelions and thistles, composite)

MAGNOLIOPSIDA
(flowering plants)

TRACHEOPHYTA
(vascular plants)

PLANTAE
(plants)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

General Works

Author	Year	Title	Source
Plant Pathology
Redfern, M.	1995	Insects and Thistles	Naturalists' Handbooks, No 4, Second (revised) edition, 70pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may also be relevant to Cardueae (“thistles”):

ASTERACEAE
(daisies, dandelions and thistles, composite)

MAGNOLIOPSIDA
(flowering plants)

TRACHEOPHYTA
(vascular plants)

PLANTAE
(plants)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

BioImages (www.bioimages.org.uk) has 349 images of Cardueae (“thistles”)

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Taxonomic hierarchy:

Cardueae is also a member of:

General Works

Plant Pathology

BioInfo - Wildlife Information (UK)