LITTORINIDAE Children, 1834
(periwinkles)

Interactions where LITTORINIDAE is the dominant partner and gains from the process

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Stage Summary Taxon Vernacular Classification References Darwin Classification of Active Taxon Active Taxon Active Vernacular Active Taxon Uncertain Active State Active Part Active Stage Relationship Relationship Uncertain Relationship Geography Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon Passive Taxon Passive Vernacular Passive Taxon Uncertain Passive State Passive Part Passive Stage Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon Indoors etc Season
grazes on Minor [Seaweeds] differentiated, multicellular, marine algae British Prosobranch and other operculate gastropod molluscs, Graham, A., 1971
 /Animalia/Mollusca/Gastropoda/Littorinimorpha/Littorinidae/Littorinidaeperiwinkles Foodplant / open feeder /Seaweeds/Seaweedsdifferentiated, multicellular, marine algaeMinor

Author & YearTitleSource
Graham, A., 1971British Prosobranch and other operculate gastropod molluscsSynopses of the British Fauna (New Series), 2, ed 1 edition, 112pp, The Linnean Society of London

LITTORINIDAE (periwinkles) may be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Subtaxon Rank Featured
subtaxa		 No of
interactions		 No of
references
LITTORININAE
a subfamily of molluscs
Subfamily 7 subtaxa 1 trophisms 16 references
Taxonomic hierarchy:
FamilyLITTORINIDAE (periwinkles)
SuperfamilyLITTORINOIDEA (a superfamily of molluscs)
OrderLITTORINIMORPHA (an order of operculate snails and whelks)
SubclassCAENOGASTROPODA (a subclass of molluscs)
ClassGASTROPODA (slugs and snails)
PhylumMOLLUSCA (slugs, snails, bivalves, octopus, sea slugs)
SuperphylumLOPHOTROCHOZOA (molluscs and relatives)
CladeBilateria (bilaterally symmetrical animals)
SubkingdomEUMETAZOA (metazoans)
KingdomANIMALIA (animals)
DomainEukaryota (eukaryotes)
LifeBIOTA (living things)
NBNNBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for LITTORINIDAE (periwinkles)

LITTORINIDAE (periwinkles) may be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to LITTORINIDAE (periwinkles):

BioImagesBioImages (www.bioimages.org.uk) has 58 images of LITTORINIDAE (periwinkles)
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