Equisetum L.
(horsetails)

Interactions where Equisetum is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Filters:

Affected Part Summary Taxon Vernacular Classification References Darwin Classification of Active Taxon Active Taxon Active Vernacular Active Taxon Uncertain Active State Active Part Active Stage Relationship Relationship Uncertain Relationship Geography Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon Passive Taxon Passive Vernacular Passive Taxon Uncertain Passive State Passive Part Passive Stage Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon Indoors etc Season Summary
is foodplant of larva Hippuriphila modeeri Horsetail Flea Beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Hippuriphila modeeri/Hippuriphila modeerihorsetail flea beetlelarva Foodplant / feeds on /Plantae/Pteridophyta/Equisetopsida/Equisetales/Equisetaceae/Equisetum/Equisetumhorsetails larva feeds on
is foodplant of larva Grypus equiseti Horsetail Weevil Coleoptera: Erirhinidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Erirhinidae/Grypus equiseti/Grypus equisetihorsetail weevillarva Foodplant / feeds on /Plantae/Pteridophyta/Equisetopsida/Equisetales/Equisetaceae/Equisetum/Equisetumhorsetails larva feeds on
branch (dead) dead branch is decayed by often densely immersed, grouped pseudothecium Foreign Mycosphaerella equiseticola sensu Rond.-Mont. (An Ascomycete) Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae Nordic equiseticolous Pyrenomycetes, Holm, L. & Holm, K., 1981
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Mycosphaerella equiseticola sensu Rond.-Mont./Mycosphaerella equiseticola sensu Rond.-Mont.(an ascomycete)often densely immersed, groupedpseudothecium Foodplant / saprobeForeign /Plantae/Pteridophyta/Equisetopsida/Equisetales/Equisetaceae/Equisetum/Equisetumhorsetailsdeadbranch often densely immersed, grouped pseudothecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (live) live branch is parasitised by often densely immersed, grouped pseudothecium Foreign Mycosphaerella equiseticola sensu Rond.-Mont. (An Ascomycete) Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae Nordic equiseticolous Pyrenomycetes, Holm, L. & Holm, K., 1981
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Mycosphaerella equiseticola sensu Rond.-Mont./Mycosphaerella equiseticola sensu Rond.-Mont.(an ascomycete)often densely immersed, groupedpseudothecium Foodplant / parasiteForeign /Plantae/Pteridophyta/Equisetopsida/Equisetales/Equisetaceae/Equisetum/Equisetumhorsetailslivebranch often densely immersed, grouped pseudothecium parasitises live branch
frond frond is grazed by larva Restricted Dolerus aericeps a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Dolerus aericeps/Dolerus aericepsa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Pteridophyta/Equisetopsida/Equisetales/Equisetaceae/Equisetum/EquisetumhorsetailsfrondSole larva grazes on frond
frond frond is grazed by larva Restricted Dolerus bimaculatus a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Dolerus bimaculatus/Dolerus bimaculatusa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Pteridophyta/Equisetopsida/Equisetales/Equisetaceae/Equisetum/EquisetumhorsetailsfrondSole larva grazes on frond
frond frond is grazed by larva Restricted Dolerus eversmanni a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Dolerus eversmanni/Dolerus eversmannia sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Pteridophyta/Equisetopsida/Equisetales/Equisetaceae/Equisetum/EquisetumhorsetailsfrondSole larva grazes on frond
frond frond is grazed by larva Restricted Dolerus germanicus a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Dolerus germanicus/Dolerus germanicusa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Pteridophyta/Equisetopsida/Equisetales/Equisetaceae/Equisetum/EquisetumhorsetailsfrondSole larva grazes on frond
frond frond is grazed by larva Restricted Dolerus germanicus a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Dolerus germanicus/Dolerus germanicusa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Pteridophyta/Equisetopsida/Equisetales/Equisetaceae/Equisetum/EquisetumhorsetailsfrondSole larva grazes on frond
frond frond is grazed by larva Restricted Dolerus gessneri a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Dolerus gessneri/Dolerus gessneria sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Pteridophyta/Equisetopsida/Equisetales/Equisetaceae/Equisetum/EquisetumhorsetailsfrondSole larva grazes on frond
frond frond is grazed by larva Restricted Dolerus gilvipes a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Dolerus gilvipes/Dolerus gilvipesa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Pteridophyta/Equisetopsida/Equisetales/Equisetaceae/Equisetum/EquisetumhorsetailsfrondSole larva grazes on frond
frond frond is grazed by larva Restricted Dolerus pratorum a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Dolerus pratorum/Dolerus pratoruma sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Pteridophyta/Equisetopsida/Equisetales/Equisetaceae/Equisetum/EquisetumhorsetailsfrondSole larva grazes on frond
frond frond is grazed by larva Restricted Dolerus vestigialis a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Dolerus vestigialis/Dolerus vestigialisa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Pteridophyta/Equisetopsida/Equisetales/Equisetaceae/Equisetum/EquisetumhorsetailsfrondSole larva grazes on frond
frond frond is grazed by larva Restricted Dolerus yukonensis a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Dolerus yukonensis/Dolerus yukonensisa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Pteridophyta/Equisetopsida/Equisetales/Equisetaceae/Equisetum/EquisetumhorsetailsfrondSole larva grazes on frond
sheath (dead) dead sheath is decayed by loosely gregarious, covered, the piercing the epidermis pycnidium of Stagonosporopsis coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Stagonosporopsis equiseti a coelomycete Pleosporales British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Stagonosporopsis equiseti/Stagonosporopsis equisetia coelomyceteloosely gregarious, covered, the piercing the epidermispycnidiumStagonosporopsis coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Pteridophyta/Equisetopsida/Equisetales/Equisetaceae/Equisetum/Equisetumhorsetailsdeadsheath loosely gregarious, covered, the piercing the epidermis pycnidium of Stagonosporopsis coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead sheath
stem (large) (dead) dead stem (large) is decayed by fruitbody Lachnella alboviolascens a cyphelloid fungus Agaricales: Niaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Niaceae/Lachnella alboviolascens/Lachnella alboviolascensa cyphelloid fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Pteridophyta/Equisetopsida/Equisetales/Equisetaceae/Equisetum/Equisetumhorsetailsdeadstem (large) fruitbody is saprobic on dead stem (large)
stem (dead) dead stem is decayed by rather corwded, often in rows, immersed pseudothecium Foreign Mycosphaerella cf. aspidii (An Ascomycete) Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae Nordic equiseticolous Pyrenomycetes, Holm, L. & Holm, K., 1981
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Mycosphaerella cf. aspidii/Mycosphaerella cf. aspidii(an ascomycete)rather corwded, often in rows, immersedpseudothecium Foodplant / saprobeForeign /Plantae/Pteridophyta/Equisetopsida/Equisetales/Equisetaceae/Equisetum/Equisetumhorsetailsdeadstem rather corwded, often in rows, immersed pseudothecium is saprobic on dead stem
stem (dead) dead stem is decayed by subepidermal, multilocular stroma Foreign Scirrhia castagnei an ascomycete Dothideales: Dothideaceae Nordic equiseticolous Pyrenomycetes, Holm, L. & Holm, K., 1981
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Dothideales/Dothideaceae/Scirrhia castagnei/Scirrhia castagneian ascomycetesubepidermal, multilocularstroma Foodplant / saprobeForeign /Plantae/Pteridophyta/Equisetopsida/Equisetales/Equisetaceae/Equisetum/Equisetumhorsetailsdeadstem subepidermal, multilocular stroma is saprobic on dead stem
stem (dead) dead stem is decayed by scattered, initially immersed pseudothecium Foreign Phaeosphaeria fuckelii an ascomycete Pleosporales: Phaeosphaeriaceae Nordic equiseticolous Pyrenomycetes, Holm, L. & Holm, K., 1981
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Phaeosphaeriaceae/Phaeosphaeria fuckelii/Phaeosphaeria fuckeliian ascomycetescattered, initially immersedpseudothecium Foodplant / saprobeForeign /Plantae/Pteridophyta/Equisetopsida/Equisetales/Equisetaceae/Equisetum/Equisetumhorsetailsdeadstem scattered, initially immersed pseudothecium is saprobic on dead stem
stem (dead) dead stem is decayed by superficial, scattered on in small groups, thinly subiculate perithecium Hydropisphaera arenula a pyrenomycete Hypocreales: Bionectriaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Bionectriaceae/Hydropisphaera arenula/Hydropisphaera arenulaa pyrenomycetesuperficial, scattered on in small groups, thinly subiculateperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Pteridophyta/Equisetopsida/Equisetales/Equisetaceae/Equisetum/Equisetumhorsetailsdeadstem (1-12)superficial, scattered on in small groups, thinly subiculate perithecium is saprobic on dead stem
stem (dead) dead stem is decayed by fruitbody UK/Ireland Flagelloscypha kavinae a cyphelloid fungus Agaricales: Niaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Niaceae/Flagelloscypha kavinae/Flagelloscypha kavinaea cyphelloid fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Pteridophyta/Equisetopsida/Equisetales/Equisetaceae/Equisetum/Equisetumhorsetailsdeadstem fruitbody is saprobic on dead stem
stem (dead) dead stem is decayed by Cryptococcus aquaticus a basidiomycete yeast Tremellales: Tremellaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Tremellomycetes/Tremellales/Tremellaceae/Cryptococcus aquaticus/Cryptococcus aquaticusa basidiomycete yeast Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Pteridophyta/Equisetopsida/Equisetales/Equisetaceae/Equisetum/Equisetumhorsetailsdeadstem is saprobic on dead stem

Author & YearTitleSource
Benson, R.B., 1952Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b)Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol VI, Part 2(b), 137pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Bullock, J.A., 1992Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations11a, 24pp, Amateur Entomologists’ Society
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Grove, W.B., 1935British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidiaVol I, 488pp, Cambridge University Press
Holm, L. & Holm, K., 1981Nordic equiseticolous PyrenomycetesNordic Journal of Botany Vol 1: 109-119.
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota517pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew

Equisetum (horsetails) may also be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Subtaxon Rank Featured
subtaxa		 No of
interactions		 No of
references
Equisetum arvense
Field Horsetail
Species 11 trophisms
Equisetum fluviatile
Water Horsetail
Species 27 trophisms
Equisetum hyemale
Rough Horsetail
Species 8 trophisms
Equisetum palustre
Marsh Horsetail
Species 11 trophisms 1 references
Equisetum sylvaticum
Wood Horsetail
Species 1 trophisms
Equisetum telmateia
Great Horsetail
Species 1 trophisms
Equisetum variegatum
Variegated Horsetail
Species 1 trophisms
Taxonomic hierarchy:
GenusEquisetum (horsetails)
FamilyEQUISETACEAE (horsetails)
OrderEQUISETALES (an order of horsetails)
ClassEQUISETOPSIDA (a class of horsetails)
PhylumPTERIDOPHYTA (ferns and allies)
SubkingdomVIRIDIPLANTAE (lower green plants)
KingdomPLANTAE (plants)
DomainEukaryota (eukaryotes)
LifeBIOTA (living things)
NBNNBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Equisetum (horsetails)

Identification Works

Handling & MagnificationAuthorYearTitleSource
Jermy, A.C., Page, C.N. & Acock, P.J. Equisetum Yeo, P.F. Acaena, taxa with spherical heads, Plant Crib 2012
() Lansdown R.V. & Pankhurst T.J. Field Guide to the Identification of Difficult Aquatic Plants of the New Forest

Equisetum (horsetails) may also be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

General Works

AuthorYearTitleSource

Mycorrhiza

Dhillion, S.S. 1993 Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas of Equisetum species in Norway and the U.S.A. : occurrence and mycotrophy Mycol. Res. Vol 97 (06): 656-660.

Plant Pathology

Holm, L. & Holm, K. 1981 Nordic equiseticolous Pyrenomycetes Nordic Journal of Botany Vol 1: 109-119.

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may also be relevant to Equisetum (horsetails):

BioImagesBioImages (www.bioimages.org.uk) has 153 images of Equisetum (horsetails)
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