Hymenoscyphus fraxineus (T. Kowalski) Baral, Queloz & Hosoya
(Ash Dieback - causative organism)

Interactions where Hymenoscyphus fraxineus is the dominant partner and gains from the process

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Stage		Summary			Taxon	Vernacular	Classification	References	Darwin Classification of Active Taxon	Active Taxon	Active Vernacular	Active Taxon Uncertain	Active State	Active Part	Active Stage	Relationship	Relationship Uncertain	Relationship Geography	Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon	Passive Taxon	Passive Vernacular	Passive Taxon Uncertain	Passive State	Passive Part	Passive Stage	Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon	Indoors etc	Season
chalara dematiacous anamorph		colony of chalara dematiacous anamorph infects and damages leaf			Fraxinus angustifolia	Narrow-leaved Ash	Lamiales: Oleaceae	Ash dieback disease, Forest Research Agency, 2012	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Hymenoscyphus fraxineus/	Hymenoscyphus fraxineus	ash dieback (causative organism)			colony	chalara dematiacous anamorph	Foodplant / pathogen		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Oleaceae/Fraxinus angustifolia/	Fraxinus angustifolia	narrow-leaved ash			leaf
chalara dematiacous anamorph		colony of chalara dematiacous anamorph infects and damages bark			Fraxinus angustifolia	Narrow-leaved Ash	Lamiales: Oleaceae	Ash dieback disease, Forest Research Agency, 2012	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Hymenoscyphus fraxineus/	Hymenoscyphus fraxineus	ash dieback (causative organism)			colony	chalara dematiacous anamorph	Foodplant / pathogen		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Oleaceae/Fraxinus angustifolia/	Fraxinus angustifolia	narrow-leaved ash			bark
chalara dematiacous anamorph		colony of chalara dematiacous anamorph infects and damages twig			Fraxinus angustifolia	Narrow-leaved Ash	Lamiales: Oleaceae	Ash dieback disease, Forest Research Agency, 2012	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Hymenoscyphus fraxineus/	Hymenoscyphus fraxineus	ash dieback (causative organism)			colony	chalara dematiacous anamorph	Foodplant / pathogen		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Oleaceae/Fraxinus angustifolia/	Fraxinus angustifolia	narrow-leaved ash			twig
chalara dematiacous anamorph		colony of chalara dematiacous anamorph infects and damages branch			Fraxinus angustifolia	Narrow-leaved Ash	Lamiales: Oleaceae	Ash dieback disease, Forest Research Agency, 2012	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Hymenoscyphus fraxineus/	Hymenoscyphus fraxineus	ash dieback (causative organism)			colony	chalara dematiacous anamorph	Foodplant / pathogen		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Oleaceae/Fraxinus angustifolia/	Fraxinus angustifolia	narrow-leaved ash			branch
chalara dematiacous anamorph		colony of chalara dematiacous anamorph infects and damages trunk			Fraxinus angustifolia	Narrow-leaved Ash	Lamiales: Oleaceae	Ash dieback disease, Forest Research Agency, 2012	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Hymenoscyphus fraxineus/	Hymenoscyphus fraxineus	ash dieback (causative organism)			colony	chalara dematiacous anamorph	Foodplant / pathogen		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Oleaceae/Fraxinus angustifolia/	Fraxinus angustifolia	narrow-leaved ash			trunk
chalara dematiacous anamorph		colony of chalara dematiacous anamorph infects and damages tree			Fraxinus angustifolia	Narrow-leaved Ash	Lamiales: Oleaceae	Ash dieback disease, Forest Research Agency, 2012	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Hymenoscyphus fraxineus/	Hymenoscyphus fraxineus	ash dieback (causative organism)			colony	chalara dematiacous anamorph	Foodplant / pathogen		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Oleaceae/Fraxinus angustifolia/	Fraxinus angustifolia	narrow-leaved ash			tree
chalara dematiacous anamorph		colony of chalara dematiacous anamorph infects and damages leaf			Fraxinus excelsior	Ash	Lamiales: Oleaceae	Ash dieback disease, Forest Research Agency, 2012	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Hymenoscyphus fraxineus/	Hymenoscyphus fraxineus	ash dieback (causative organism)			colony	chalara dematiacous anamorph	Foodplant / pathogen		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Oleaceae/Fraxinus excelsior/	Fraxinus excelsior	ash			leaf		Major	Indoors, in greenhouse, captivity, culture or experimentally induced
chalara dematiacous anamorph		colony of chalara dematiacous anamorph infects and damages bark			Fraxinus excelsior	Ash	Lamiales: Oleaceae	Investigations concerning the role of Chalara fraxinea in declining Fraxinus excelsior, Bakys, R., Vasaitis, R., Barklund, P., Ihrmark, K. & Stenlid, J., 2009 Ash dieback disease, Forest Research Agency, 2012	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Hymenoscyphus fraxineus/	Hymenoscyphus fraxineus	ash dieback (causative organism)			colony	chalara dematiacous anamorph	Foodplant / pathogen		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Oleaceae/Fraxinus excelsior/	Fraxinus excelsior	ash			bark		Major	Indoors, in greenhouse, captivity, culture or experimentally induced
chalara dematiacous anamorph		colony of chalara dematiacous anamorph infects and damages twig			Fraxinus excelsior	Ash	Lamiales: Oleaceae	Ash dieback disease, Forest Research Agency, 2012	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Hymenoscyphus fraxineus/	Hymenoscyphus fraxineus	ash dieback (causative organism)			colony	chalara dematiacous anamorph	Foodplant / pathogen		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Oleaceae/Fraxinus excelsior/	Fraxinus excelsior	ash			twig		Major	Indoors, in greenhouse, captivity, culture or experimentally induced
chalara dematiacous anamorph		colony of chalara dematiacous anamorph infects and damages branch			Fraxinus excelsior	Ash	Lamiales: Oleaceae	Ash dieback disease, Forest Research Agency, 2012	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Hymenoscyphus fraxineus/	Hymenoscyphus fraxineus	ash dieback (causative organism)			colony	chalara dematiacous anamorph	Foodplant / pathogen		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Oleaceae/Fraxinus excelsior/	Fraxinus excelsior	ash			branch		Major	Indoors, in greenhouse, captivity, culture or experimentally induced
chalara dematiacous anamorph		colony of chalara dematiacous anamorph infects and damages trunk			Fraxinus excelsior	Ash	Lamiales: Oleaceae	Ash dieback disease, Forest Research Agency, 2012	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Hymenoscyphus fraxineus/	Hymenoscyphus fraxineus	ash dieback (causative organism)			colony	chalara dematiacous anamorph	Foodplant / pathogen		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Oleaceae/Fraxinus excelsior/	Fraxinus excelsior	ash			trunk		Major	Indoors, in greenhouse, captivity, culture or experimentally induced
chalara dematiacous anamorph		colony of chalara dematiacous anamorph infects and damages tree			Fraxinus excelsior	Ash	Lamiales: Oleaceae	Ash dieback disease, Forest Research Agency, 2012	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Hymenoscyphus fraxineus/	Hymenoscyphus fraxineus	ash dieback (causative organism)			colony	chalara dematiacous anamorph	Foodplant / pathogen		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Oleaceae/Fraxinus excelsior/	Fraxinus excelsior	ash			tree		Major	Indoors, in greenhouse, captivity, culture or experimentally induced

Author & Year	Title	Source
Bakys, R., Vasaitis, R., Barklund, P., Ihrmark, K. & Stenlid, J., 2009	Investigations concerning the role of Chalara fraxinea in declining Fraxinus excelsior	Plant Pathology Vol 58 (2): 284-292.
Forest Research Agency, 2012	Ash dieback disease	Pest Alerts

Hymenoscyphus fraxineus (Ash Dieback - causative organism) may also be included in 'feeds on' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Hymenoscyphus fraxineus (Ash Dieback - causative organism) may be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

Taxonomic hierarchy:

Species	Hymenoscyphus fraxineus (Ash Dieback - causative organism)
Genus	Hymenoscyphus (a genus of discomycetes)
Family	HELOTIACEAE (a family of discomycetes)
Order	HELOTIALES (an order of discomycetes and lichens)
Subclass	LEOTIOMYCETIDAE (powdery mildews)
Class	LEOTIOMYCETES (a class of fungi)
Subphylum	PEZIZOMYCOTINA (a subphylum of ascomycetes)
Phylum	ASCOMYCOTA (spore shooters, ascomycete)
Kingdom	FUNGI (true fungi)
Domain	Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Life	BIOTA (living things)

Hymenoscyphus fraxineus is also a member of:
Discomycetes - discomycete fungi (via Helotiales)
Micromycetes - microfungi (via Ascomycota)
Fungi s.l. - fungi (in the broad sense) (via Fungi)
Lower Plants - lower plants (via Fungi s.l.)

NBN

NBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Hymenoscyphus fraxineus (Ash Dieback - causative organism)

Identification Works

Handling & Magnification	Author	Year	Title	Source
	Forest Research	2013	Path News Issue 26: Summer 2013
	Forest Research	2011	Path News Issue 23: Autumn 2011
	Forestry Commission England	2016	Pest and diseases symptoms panels	.
	Henrici, A.	2013	Notes & Records (Oct 2013)	Field Mycology Vol 14 (4): 136-138.
	McKinney, L.V., Thomsen, I.M., Kjær, E.D., Bengtsson, S.B.K. & Nielsen, L.R.	2012	Rapid invasion by an aggressive pathogenic fungus (Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus) replaces a native decomposer (Hymenoscyphus albidus): a case of local cryptic extinction?	FungEcol Vol 05 (6): 663-669.

Hymenoscyphus fraxineus (Ash Dieback - causative organism) may also be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

HELOTIALES
(an order of discomycetes and lichens)

LEOTIOMYCETIDAE
(powdery mildews)

ASCOMYCOTA
(spore shooters, ascomycete)

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Discomycetes
(discomycete fungi)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

General Works

Author	Year	Title	Source
Bakys, R., Vasaitis, R., Barklund, P., Ihrmark, K. & Stenlid, J.	2009	Investigations concerning the role of Chalara fraxinea in declining Fraxinus excelsior	Plant Pathology Vol 58 (2): 284-292.
Bengtsson, S.B.K. et al	2012	Population structure of Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus and its genetic relationship to Hymenoscyphus albidus	FungEcol Vol 05 (2): 147-153.
Brasier, C. & Webber, J.	2013	Vegetative incompatibility in the ash dieback pathogen Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus and its ecological implications	FungEcol Vol 06 (6): 501-512.
Forest Research Agency	2012	Ash dieback disease	Pest Alerts
Hietala, A.M., Timmerman, V., Borja, I. & Solheim, H.	2013	The invasive Ash Dieback pathogen Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus exerts maximal infection pressure prior to the onset of host leaf senescence	FungEcol Vol 06 (4): 302-308.

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may also be relevant to Hymenoscyphus fraxineus (Ash Dieback - causative organism):

HELOTIALES
(an order of discomycetes and lichens)

LEOTIOMYCETIDAE
(powdery mildews)

ASCOMYCOTA
(spore shooters, ascomycete)

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Discomycetes
(discomycete fungi)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

Spreading across Europe and poised to jump the channel (2012).

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