MAMMALIA Linnaeus, 1758
(mammals)

Interactions where MAMMALIA is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Filters:

Affected Part Summary Taxon Vernacular Classification References Darwin Classification of Active Taxon Active Taxon Active Vernacular Active Taxon Uncertain Active State Active Part Active Stage Relationship Relationship Uncertain Relationship Geography Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon Passive Taxon Passive Vernacular Passive Taxon Uncertain Passive State Passive Part Passive Stage Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon Indoors etc Season Summary
dead is eaten by larva Eupleurus subterraneus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Eupleurus subterraneus/Eupleurus subterraneusa dung beetlelarva Animal / carrion / dead animal feeder /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammals larva feeds on dead
dung may contain larva Fannia scalaris a lesser house fly Diptera: Fanniidae Diptera: Cyclorrhapha Calyptrata (I) Sect (a) Tachinidae and Calliphoridae, van Emden, F.I.,, 1954
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Fanniidae/Fannia scalaris/Fannia scalarisa lesser house flylarva Animal / dung / associate /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammals larva inhabits dung of
has sweat sucked by imago (female) Drymeia vicana a muscid fly Diptera: Muscidae Diptera: Cyclorrapha Calyptrata Sect (b) Muscidae, Fonseca, E.C.M. d’Assis, 1968
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Muscidae/Drymeia vicana/Drymeia vicanaa muscid flyimago (female) Animal / parasite / ectoparasite / sweat sucker /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammals imago (female) sucks the sweat of
cadaver may attract larva Hydrotaea capensis a muscid fly Diptera: Muscidae Diptera: Cyclorrapha Calyptrata Sect (b) Muscidae, Fonseca, E.C.M. d’Assis, 1968
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Muscidae/Hydrotaea capensis/Hydrotaea capensisa muscid flylarva Animal / associate /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalscadaver larva is associated with cadaver
has sweat sucked by imago (female) Hydrotaea irritans Headfly, Sweat Fly Diptera: Muscidae Diptera: Cyclorrapha Calyptrata Sect (b) Muscidae, Fonseca, E.C.M. d’Assis, 1968
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Muscidae/Hydrotaea irritans/Hydrotaea irritansheadfly, sweat flyimago (female) Animal / parasite / ectoparasite / sweat sucker /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammals imago (female) sucks the sweat of
dung may contain larva Musca domestica House-fly Diptera: Muscidae Diptera: Cyclorrapha Calyptrata Sect (b) Muscidae, Fonseca, E.C.M. d’Assis, 1968
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Muscidae/Musca domestica/Musca domesticahouse-flylarva Animal / dung / associate /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammals larva inhabits dung of
has blood sucked by imago Restricted Stomoxys calcitrans Stable Fly, Biting Housefly Diptera: Muscidae Diptera: Cyclorrapha Calyptrata Sect (b) Muscidae, Fonseca, E.C.M. d’Assis, 1968
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Muscidae/Stomoxys calcitrans/Stomoxys calcitransstable fly, biting houseflyimago Animal / parasite / ectoparasite / blood sucker /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/MammaliamammalsSole imago sucks the blood of
dung may contain larva Minor Lucilia sericata Sheep-strike Greenbottle, Sheep-maggot Fly Diptera: Calliphoridae Diptera: Cyclorrhapha Calyptrata (I) Sect (a) Tachinidae and Calliphoridae, van Emden, F.I.,, 1954
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Calliphoridae/Lucilia sericata/Lucilia sericatasheep-strike greenbottle, sheep-maggot flylarva Animal / dung / associate /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/MammaliamammalsMinor larva inhabits dung of
dung may contain larva Sarcophaga incisilobata a flesh fly Diptera: Sarcophagidae Diptera: Cyclorrhapha Calyptrata (I) Sect (a) Tachinidae and Calliphoridae, van Emden, F.I.,, 1954
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Sarcophagidae/Sarcophaga incisilobata/Sarcophaga incisilobataa flesh flylarva Animal / dung / associate /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammals larva inhabits dung of
is parasitised by larva Minor Sarcophaga melanura a flesh fly Diptera: Sarcophagidae Diptera: Cyclorrhapha Calyptrata (I) Sect (a) Tachinidae and Calliphoridae, van Emden, F.I.,, 1954
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Sarcophagidae/Sarcophaga melanura/Sarcophaga melanuraa flesh flylarva Animal / parasite /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/MammaliamammalsMinor larva parasitises
carrion is rested on by larva Sarcophila latifrons a flesh fly Diptera: Sarcophagidae Diptera: Cyclorrhapha Calyptrata (I) Sect (a) Tachinidae and Calliphoridae, van Emden, F.I.,, 1954
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Sarcophagidae/Sarcophila latifrons/Sarcophila latifronsa flesh flylarva Animal / resting place / on /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalscarrion larva rests on carrion
has blood sucked by nymph UK/Ireland Cimex lectularius Bed Bug, Wall Louse, "Mahogany Flat", "Crimson Rambler" Hemiptera: Cimicidae Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Cimicidae/Cimex lectularius/Cimex lectulariusbed bug, wall louse, "mahogany flat", "crimson rambler"nymph Animal / parasite / ectoparasite / blood suckerUK and/or Eire /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammals nymph sucks the blood of
has blood sucked by adult UK/Ireland Cimex lectularius Bed Bug, Wall Louse, "Mahogany Flat", "Crimson Rambler" Hemiptera: Cimicidae Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Cimicidae/Cimex lectularius/Cimex lectulariusbed bug, wall louse, "mahogany flat", "crimson rambler"adult Animal / parasite / ectoparasite / blood suckerUK and/or Eire /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammals adult sucks the blood of
may be infected by Aspergillus flavus Stonebrood Disease (A causative organism) Eurotiales: Trichocomaceae Diseases of the honey bee, Wikipedia
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Eurotiomycetes/Eurotiales/Trichocomaceae/Aspergillus flavus/Aspergillus flavusstonebrood disease (a causative organism) Animal / pathogen /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammals infects
may be infected by Aspergillus neoflavipes Stonebrood Disease (A causative organism), Aspergillosis Eurotiales: Trichocomaceae Diseases of the honey bee, Wikipedia
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Eurotiomycetes/Eurotiales/Trichocomaceae/Aspergillus neoflavipes/Aspergillus neoflavipesstonebrood disease (a causative organism), aspergillosis Animal / pathogen /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammals infects
may be infected by Aspergillus niger Black Mould Of Onions, Garlic and Shallots - causative organism Eurotiales: Trichocomaceae Diseases of the honey bee, Wikipedia
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Eurotiomycetes/Eurotiales/Trichocomaceae/Aspergillus niger/Aspergillus nigerblack mould of onions, garlic and shallots (causative organism) Animal / pathogen /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammals infects
may be infected by cells Cryptococcus (Bot.) a genus of basidiomycete yeasts Tremellales: Tremellaceae Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Tremellomycetes/Tremellales/Tremellaceae/Cryptococcus (Bot.)/Cryptococcus (Bot.)a genus of basidiomycete yeastscells Animal / pathogen /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammals cells infects
may be infected by Cryptococcus yeast anamorph Filobasidiella neoformans a basidiomycete yeast Tremellales: Tremellaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Tremellomycetes/Tremellales/Tremellaceae/Filobasidiella neoformans/Filobasidiella neoformansa basidiomycete yeastCryptococcus yeast anamorph Animal / pathogen /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammals Cryptococcus yeast anamorph infects
may be infected by Lichtheimia corymbifera a pin mould Mucorales: Lichtheimiaceae Absidia corymbifera, Lunn, J.A., 1977
 /Fungi/Zygomycota/Zygomycetes/Mucorales/Lichtheimiaceae/Lichtheimia corymbifera/Lichtheimia corymbiferaa pin mould Animal / pathogen /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammals infects
corpse (buried) buried corpse dead is eaten by larva Onthophagus coenobita a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Onthophagus coenobita/Onthophagus coenobitaa dung beetlelarva Animal / carrion / dead animal feeder /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsburiedcorpse larva feeds on dead buried corpse
dung heap dung heap may shelter imago Oxyomus sylvestris a scarab beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Oxyomus sylvestris/Oxyomus sylvestrisa scarab beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung heap imago may be found under dung heap
dung in fields dung in fields may shelter imago Minor Oxyomus sylvestris a scarab beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Oxyomus sylvestris/Oxyomus sylvestrisa scarab beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung in fieldsMinor imago may be found under dung in fields
dung dung animal debris may support larva Restricted Acrossus depressus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Acrossus depressus/Acrossus depressusa dung beetlelarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/MammaliamammalsdungSole larva feeds on animal debris dung
dung dung may shelter imago Restricted Acrossus depressus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Acrossus depressus/Acrossus depressusa dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/MammaliamammalsdungSole imago may be found under dung
dung dung may shelter imago Acrossus rufipes a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Acrossus rufipes/Acrossus rufipesa dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung imago may be found under dung
dung dung animal debris may support larva Agoliinus lapponum Northern Dung Beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Agoliinus lapponum/Agoliinus lapponumnorthern dung beetlelarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung larva feeds on animal debris dung
dung dung may shelter imago Agoliinus lapponum Northern Dung Beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Agoliinus lapponum/Agoliinus lapponumnorthern dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung imago may be found under dung
dung dung animal debris may support larva Agoliinus nemoralis a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Agoliinus nemoralis/Agoliinus nemoralisa dung beetlelarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung larva feeds on animal debris dung
dung dung may shelter imago Agoliinus nemoralis a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Agoliinus nemoralis/Agoliinus nemoralisa dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung imago may be found under dung
dung dung animal debris may support larva Agrilinus ater a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Agrilinus ater/Agrilinus atera dung beetlelarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung larva feeds on animal debris dung
dung dung may shelter imago Agrilinus ater a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Agrilinus ater/Agrilinus atera dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung imago may be found under dung
dung dung animal debris may support larva Agrilinus constans a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Agrilinus constans/Agrilinus constansa dung beetlelarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung larva feeds on animal debris dung
dung dung may shelter imago Agrilinus constans a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Agrilinus constans/Agrilinus constansa dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung imago may be found under dung
dung dung may shelter imago Ammoecius brevis a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Ammoecius brevis/Ammoecius brevisa dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung imago may be found under dung
dung dung animal debris may support larva Aphodius scrofa a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Aphodius (Trichonotulus) scrofa/Aphodius (Trichonotulus) scrofaa dung beetlelarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung larva feeds on animal debris dung
dung dung may shelter imago Aphodius scrofa a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Aphodius (Trichonotulus) scrofa/Aphodius (Trichonotulus) scrofaa dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung imago may be found under dung
dung dung animal debris may support larva Aphodius fimetarius a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Aphodius fimetarius/Aphodius fimetariusa dung beetlelarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung larva feeds on animal debris dung
dung dung may shelter imago Aphodius fimetarius a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Aphodius fimetarius/Aphodius fimetariusa dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung imago may be found under dung
dung dung animal debris may support larva Aphodius foetidus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Aphodius foetidus/Aphodius foetidusa dung beetlelarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung larva feeds on animal debris dung
dung dung may shelter imago Aphodius foetidus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Aphodius foetidus/Aphodius foetidusa dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung imago may be found under dung
dung dung animal debris may support larva Bodiloides ictericus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Bodiloides ictericus/Bodiloides ictericusa dung beetlelarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung larva feeds on animal debris dung
dung dung may shelter imago Bodiloides ictericus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Bodiloides ictericus/Bodiloides ictericusa dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung imago may be found under dung
dung dung animal debris may support larva Bodilopsis rufa a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Bodilopsis rufa/Bodilopsis rufaa dung beetlelarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung larva feeds on animal debris dung
dung dung may shelter imago Bodilopsis rufa a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Bodilopsis rufa/Bodilopsis rufaa dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung imago may be found under dung
dung dung animal debris may support larva Bodilopsis sordida a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Bodilopsis sordida/Bodilopsis sordidaa dung beetlelarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung larva feeds on animal debris dung
dung dung may shelter imago Bodilopsis sordida a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Bodilopsis sordida/Bodilopsis sordidaa dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung imago may be found under dung
dung dung animal debris may support larva Calamosternus granarius a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Calamosternus granarius/Calamosternus granariusa dung beetlelarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung larva feeds on animal debris dung
dung dung may shelter imago Calamosternus granarius a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Calamosternus granarius/Calamosternus granariusa dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung imago may be found under dung
dung dung animal debris may support larva Chilothorax conspurcatus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Chilothorax conspurcatus/Chilothorax conspurcatusa dung beetlelarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung larva feeds on animal debris dung
dung dung may shelter imago Chilothorax conspurcatus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Chilothorax conspurcatus/Chilothorax conspurcatusa dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung imago may be found under dung
dung dung animal debris may support larva Chilothorax distinctus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Chilothorax distinctus/Chilothorax distinctusa dung beetlelarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung larva feeds on animal debris dung
dung dung may shelter imago Chilothorax distinctus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Chilothorax distinctus/Chilothorax distinctusa dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung imago may be found under dung
dung dung animal debris may support larva Chilothorax paykulli a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Chilothorax paykulli/Chilothorax paykullia dung beetlelarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung larva feeds on animal debris dung
dung dung may shelter imago Chilothorax paykulli a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Chilothorax paykulli/Chilothorax paykullia dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung imago may be found under dung
dung dung animal debris may support larva Colobopterus erraticus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Colobopterus erraticus/Colobopterus erraticusa dung beetlelarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung larva feeds on animal debris dung
dung dung may shelter imago Colobopterus erraticus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Colobopterus erraticus/Colobopterus erraticusa dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung imago may be found under dung
dung dung animal debris may support larva Esymus pusillus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Esymus pusillus/Esymus pusillusa dung beetlelarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung larva feeds on animal debris dung
dung dung may shelter imago Esymus pusillus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Esymus pusillus/Esymus pusillusa dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung imago may be found under dung
dung dung may shelter imago Euheptaulacus sus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Euheptaulacus sus/Euheptaulacus susa dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung imago may be found under dung
dung dung may shelter imago Euheptaulacus villosus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Euheptaulacus villosus/Euheptaulacus villosusa dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung imago may be found under dung
dung dung animal debris may support larva Euorodalus coenosus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Euorodalus coenosus/Euorodalus coenosusa dung beetlelarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung larva feeds on animal debris dung
dung dung may shelter imago Euorodalus coenosus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Euorodalus coenosus/Euorodalus coenosusa dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung imago may be found under dung
dung dung animal debris may support larva Eupleurus subterraneus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Eupleurus subterraneus/Eupleurus subterraneusa dung beetlelarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung larva feeds on animal debris dung
dung dung animal debris may support larva Labarrus lividus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Labarrus lividus/Labarrus lividusa dung beetlelarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung larva feeds on animal debris dung
dung dung may shelter imago Labarrus lividus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Labarrus lividus/Labarrus lividusa dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung imago may be found under dung
dung dung animal debris may support larva Limarus zenkeri a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Limarus zenkeri/Limarus zenkeria dung beetlelarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung larva feeds on animal debris dung
dung dung may shelter imago Limarus zenkeri a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Limarus zenkeri/Limarus zenkeria dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung imago may be found under dung
dung dung animal debris may support larva Melinopterus consputus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Melinopterus consputus/Melinopterus consputusa dung beetlelarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung larva feeds on animal debris dung
dung dung may shelter imago Melinopterus consputus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Melinopterus consputus/Melinopterus consputusa dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung imago may be found under dung
dung dung animal debris may support larva Melinopterus prodromus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Melinopterus prodromus/Melinopterus prodromusa dung beetlelarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung larva feeds on animal debris dung
dung dung may shelter imago Melinopterus prodromus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Melinopterus prodromus/Melinopterus prodromusa dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung imago may be found under dung
dung dung animal debris may support larva Melinopterus sphacelatus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Melinopterus sphacelatus/Melinopterus sphacelatusa dung beetlelarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung larva feeds on animal debris dung
dung dung may shelter imago Melinopterus sphacelatus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Melinopterus sphacelatus/Melinopterus sphacelatusa dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung imago may be found under dung
dung dung animal debris may support larva Nimbus contaminatus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Nimbus contaminatus/Nimbus contaminatusa dung beetlelarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung larva feeds on animal debris dung
dung dung may shelter imago Nimbus contaminatus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Nimbus contaminatus/Nimbus contaminatusa dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung imago may be found under dung
dung dung animal debris may support larva Otophorus haemorrhoidalis a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Otophorus haemorrhoidalis/Otophorus haemorrhoidalisa dung beetlelarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung larva feeds on animal debris dung
dung dung may shelter imago Otophorus haemorrhoidalis a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Otophorus haemorrhoidalis/Otophorus haemorrhoidalisa dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung imago may be found under dung
dung dung animal debris may support larva Planolinoides borealis a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Planolinoides borealis/Planolinoides borealisa dung beetlelarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung larva feeds on animal debris dung
dung dung may shelter imago Planolinoides borealis a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Planolinoides borealis/Planolinoides borealisa dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung imago may be found under dung
dung dung animal debris may support larva Planolinus fasciatus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Planolinus fasciatus/Planolinus fasciatusa dung beetlelarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung larva feeds on animal debris dung
dung dung may shelter imago Planolinus fasciatus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Planolinus fasciatus/Planolinus fasciatusa dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung imago may be found under dung
dung dung animal debris may support larva Rhodaphodius foetens a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Rhodaphodius foetens/Rhodaphodius foetensa dung beetlelarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung larva feeds on animal debris dung
dung dung may shelter imago Rhodaphodius foetens a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Rhodaphodius foetens/Rhodaphodius foetensa dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung imago may be found under dung
dung dung animal debris may support larva Sigorus porcus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Sigorus porcus/Sigorus porcusa dung beetlelarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung larva feeds on animal debris dung
dung dung may shelter imago Sigorus porcus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Sigorus porcus/Sigorus porcusa dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung imago may be found under dung
dung dung animal debris may support larva Teuchestes fossor a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Teuchestes fossor/Teuchestes fossora dung beetlelarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung larva feeds on animal debris dung
dung dung may shelter imago Teuchestes fossor a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Teuchestes fossor/Teuchestes fossora dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung imago may be found under dung
dung dung animal debris may support larva Volinus sticticus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Volinus sticticus/Volinus sticticusa dung beetlelarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung larva feeds on animal debris dung
dung dung may shelter imago Volinus sticticus a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Volinus sticticus/Volinus sticticusa dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung imago may be found under dung
dung dung dung may support apothecium Byssonectria terrestris a discomycete Pezizales: Pyronemataceae A synopsis of the North American species of Byssonectria (Pezizales) with comments on the ontogeny of two species, Pfister, D.H., 1993
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Pezizomycetes/Pezizales/Pyronemataceae/Byssonectria terrestris/Byssonectria terrestrisa discomyceteapothecium Animal / dung / saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung apothecium is saprobic in/on dung or excretions of dung
dung dung dung may support sporangiophore Helicostylum piriforme a pin mould Mucorales: Mucoraceae Microfungi on Miscellaneous Substrates: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1998
 /Fungi/Zygomycota/Zygomycetes/Mucorales/Mucoraceae/Helicostylum piriforme/Helicostylum piriformea pin mouldsporangiophore Animal / dung / saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdung sporangiophore is saprobic in/on dung or excretions of dung
dung (buried) buried dung animal debris may support larva Anoplotrupes stercorosus a dumbledor Coleoptera: Geotrupidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Geotrupidae/Anoplotrupes stercorosus/Anoplotrupes stercorosusa dumbledorlarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsburieddung larva feeds on animal debris buried dung
dung (buried) buried dung animal debris may support larva Geotrupes mutator a dumbledor Coleoptera: Geotrupidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Geotrupidae/Geotrupes mutator/Geotrupes mutatora dumbledorlarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsburieddung larva feeds on animal debris buried dung
dung (buried) buried dung animal debris may support larva Geotrupes spiniger a dumbledor Coleoptera: Geotrupidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Geotrupidae/Geotrupes spiniger/Geotrupes spinigera dumbledorlarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsburieddung larva feeds on animal debris buried dung
dung (buried) buried dung animal debris may support larva Geotrupes stercorarius Dor Beetle, Dumble Dor, Clock, Lousy Watchman Coleoptera: Geotrupidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Geotrupidae/Geotrupes stercorarius/Geotrupes stercorariusdor beetle, dumble dor, clock, lousy watchmanlarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsburieddung larva feeds on animal debris buried dung
dung (buried) buried dung animal debris may support larva Restricted Trypocopris pyrenaeus a dumbledor Coleoptera: Geotrupidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Geotrupidae/Trypocopris pyrenaeus/Trypocopris pyrenaeusa dumbledorlarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/MammaliamammalsburieddungSole larva feeds on animal debris buried dung
dung (buried) buried dung animal debris may support larva Onthophagus coenobita a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Onthophagus coenobita/Onthophagus coenobitaa dung beetlelarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsburieddung larva feeds on animal debris buried dung
dung (dry) dry dung may shelter imago Heptaulacus testudinarius a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Heptaulacus testudinarius/Heptaulacus testudinariusa dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdrydung imago may be found under dry dung
dung (fresh or older) fresh or older dung animal debris may support larva Esymus merdarius a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Esymus merdarius/Esymus merdariusa dung beetlelarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsfresh or olderdung larva feeds on animal debris fresh or older dung
dung (fresh or older) fresh or older dung may shelter imago Esymus merdarius a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Esymus merdarius/Esymus merdariusa dung beetleimago Animal / resting place / under /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsfresh or olderdung imago may be found under fresh or older dung
dung (usually part dried) usually part dried dung animal debris may support larva Ammoecius brevis a dung beetle Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Scarabaeidae/Ammoecius brevis/Ammoecius brevisa dung beetlelarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsusually part drieddung larva feeds on animal debris usually part dried dung
hair hair animal debris may support ascoma Major Onygena corvina Feather Stalkball Onygenales: Onygenaceae Microfungi on Miscellaneous Substrates: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1998
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Eurotiomycetes/Onygenales/Onygenaceae/Onygena corvina/Onygena corvinafeather stalkballascoma Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/MammaliamammalshairMajor ascoma feeds on animal debris hair
horn (dead) dead horn dead is eaten by Trox sabulosus a hide beetle Coleoptera: Trogidae Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), Jessop, L., 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Trogidae/Trox sabulosus/Trox sabulosusa hide beetle Animal / carrion / dead animal feeder /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdeadhorn feeds on dead dead horn
horn (dead) dead horn dead is eaten by fruitbody Rare Schizophyllum commune Splitgill, Common Porecrust Agaricales: Schizophyllaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Schizophyllaceae/Schizophyllum commune/Schizophyllum communesplitgill, common porecrustfruitbody Animal / carrion / dead animal feeder /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/MammaliamammalsdeadhornRare fruitbody feeds on dead dead horn
large intestine large intestine accommodates Entamoeba muris an amoeba The Natural History of Slapton Ley Nature Reserve: VI Studies on Parasites, Canning, E.U., Cox, F.E.G., Croll, N.A. & Lyons, K.M., 1973
 /Protozoa/Sarcodina/Entamoeba muris/Entamoeba murisan amoeba Animal / resting place / within /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalslarge intestine rests inside large intestine
manure (wet) wet manure may attract larva Neoascia a genus of hoverflies Diptera: Syrphidae Colour Guide to Hoverfly Larvae (Diptera, Syrphidae) in Britain and Europe, Rotheray, G.E., 1993
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Syrphidae/Neoascia/Neoasciaa genus of hoverflieslarva Animal / associate /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalswetmanure larva is associated with wet manure
manure (wet) wet manure animal debris may support larva Neoascia podagrica a hoverfly Diptera: Syrphidae Colour Guide to Hoverfly Larvae (Diptera, Syrphidae) in Britain and Europe, Rotheray, G.E., 1993
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Syrphidae/Neoascia podagrica/Neoascia podagricaa hoverflylarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalswetmanure larva feeds on animal debris wet manure
manure (wet) wet manure animal debris may support larva Eristalis droneflies Diptera: Syrphidae Colour Guide to Hoverfly Larvae (Diptera, Syrphidae) in Britain and Europe, Rotheray, G.E., 1993
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Syrphidae/Eristalis/Eristalisdroneflieslarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalswetmanure larva feeds on animal debris wet manure
manure (wet) wet manure animal debris may support larva Helophilus pendulus a hoverfly Diptera: Syrphidae Colour Guide to Hoverfly Larvae (Diptera, Syrphidae) in Britain and Europe, Rotheray, G.E., 1993
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Syrphidae/Helophilus pendulus/Helophilus pendulusa hoverflylarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalswetmanure larva feeds on animal debris wet manure
manure (wet) wet manure animal debris may support larva Syritta pipiens a hoverfly Diptera: Syrphidae Colour Guide to Hoverfly Larvae (Diptera, Syrphidae) in Britain and Europe, Rotheray, G.E., 1993
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Syrphidae/Syritta pipiens/Syritta pipiensa hoverflylarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalswetmanure larva feeds on animal debris wet manure
matter (decaying) decaying matter animal debris may support larva Bellardia (Zoo.) emerald-bottles Diptera: Calliphoridae Diptera: Cyclorrhapha Calyptrata (I) Sect (a) Tachinidae and Calliphoridae, van Emden, F.I.,, 1954
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Calliphoridae/Bellardia (Zoo.)/Bellardia (Zoo.)emerald-bottleslarva Animal / dung / debris saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsdecayingmatter larva feeds on animal debris decaying matter
meat (rotting) rotting meat dead is eaten by larva Fannia scalaris a lesser house fly Diptera: Fanniidae Diptera: Cyclorrhapha Calyptrata (I) Sect (a) Tachinidae and Calliphoridae, van Emden, F.I.,, 1954
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Fanniidae/Fannia scalaris/Fannia scalarisa lesser house flylarva Animal / carrion / dead animal feeder /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsrottingmeat larva feeds on dead rotting meat
nest nest may attract larva Fannia canicularis Latrine Fly, Small House-fly, Lesser House-fly Diptera: Fanniidae Diptera: Cyclorrhapha Calyptrata (I) Sect (a) Tachinidae and Calliphoridae, van Emden, F.I.,, 1954
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Fanniidae/Fannia canicularis/Fannia canicularislatrine fly, small house-fly, lesser house-flylarva Animal / associate /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsnest larva is associated with nest
nest nest of small species dung may support fruitbody Hebeloma radicosum Rooting Poisonpie Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Hebeloma radicosum/Hebeloma radicosumrooting poisonpiefruitbody Animal / dung / saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsnestsmall species fruitbody is saprobic in/on dung or excretions of nest of small species
simulated slurry tanks simulated slurry tanks dung may support gregarious, semi-immersed perithecium UK/IrelandCaptivity Subbaromyces splendens an ascomycete Ophiostomatales: Ophiostomataceae New British Records 194: Subbaromyces splendens Hesseltine, Spooner, B.M., 2001
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Ophiostomatales/Ophiostomataceae/Subbaromyces splendens/Subbaromyces splendensan ascomycetegregarious, semi-immersedperithecium Animal / dung / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalssimulated slurry tanks Indoors, in greenhouse, captivity, culture or experimentally inducedgregarious, semi-immersed perithecium is saprobic in/on dung or excretions of simulated slurry tanks
urine urine dung may support apothecium Byssonectria terrestris a discomycete Pezizales: Pyronemataceae A synopsis of the North American species of Byssonectria (Pezizales) with comments on the ontogeny of two species, Pfister, D.H., 1993
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Pezizomycetes/Pezizales/Pyronemataceae/Byssonectria terrestris/Byssonectria terrestrisa discomyceteapothecium Animal / dung / saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsurine apothecium is saprobic in/on dung or excretions of urine
urine urine dung may support fruitbody Tricholomella constricta Mealy Domecap Agaricales: Lyophyllaceae Funga Nordica, Knudsen, H. & Vesterholt, J. (eds), 2008
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Lyophyllaceae/Tricholomella constricta/Tricholomella constrictamealy domecapfruitbody Animal / dung / saprobe /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/Mammaliamammalsurine fruitbody is saprobic in/on dung or excretions of urine
wound wound is ectoparasitised by larva Minor Lucilia sericata Sheep-strike Greenbottle, Sheep-maggot Fly Diptera: Calliphoridae Diptera: Cyclorrhapha Calyptrata (I) Sect (a) Tachinidae and Calliphoridae, van Emden, F.I.,, 1954
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Calliphoridae/Lucilia sericata/Lucilia sericatasheep-strike greenbottle, sheep-maggot flylarva Animal / parasite / ectoparasite /Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/MammaliamammalswoundMinor larva ectoparasitises wound

Author & YearTitleSource
WikipediaDiseases of the honey beeen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diseases_of_the_honey_bee
Canning, E.U., Cox, F.E.G., Croll, N.A. & Lyons, K.M., 1973The Natural History of Slapton Ley Nature Reserve: VI Studies on ParasitesField Studies 3: 681-718.
Dennis, R.W.G., 1995Fungi of the South East England383pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1998Microfungi on Miscellaneous Substrates: An Identification Handbook2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 246pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Fonseca, E.C.M. d’Assis, 1968Diptera: Cyclorrapha Calyptrata Sect (b) MuscidaeHandbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol X. Part 4(b), 119pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Jessop, L., 1986Dung Beetles and Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea)Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects, Vol 5, Part 11, New edition, 53pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Knudsen, H. & Vesterholt, J. (eds), 2008Funga Nordica966pp, Nordsvamp, Copenhagen
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota517pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Lunn, J.A., 1977Absidia corymbiferaI.M.I. Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria CMI Descriptions of Pathenogenic Fungi and Bacteria Sheet 521.
Pfister, D.H., 1993A synopsis of the North American species of Byssonectria (Pezizales) with comments on the ontogeny of two speciesMycologia Vol. 85 (6): 952-962.
Rotheray, G.E., 1993Colour Guide to Hoverfly Larvae (Diptera, Syrphidae) in Britain and EuropeDiperists Digest Dipterists Digest No. 9.
Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959Land and Water Bugs of the British IslesWayside & Woodland Series, 1959 edition, 436pp, Frederick Warne & Co. Ltd.
Spooner, B.M., 2001New British Records 194: Subbaromyces splendens HesseltineMycologist Vol 15 (3): 135.
van Emden, F.I.,, 1954Diptera: Cyclorrhapha Calyptrata (I) Sect (a) Tachinidae and CalliphoridaeHandbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol X. Part 4(a), 133pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London

MAMMALIA (mammals) may also be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Subtaxon Rank Featured
subtaxa		 No of
interactions		 No of
references
ARTIODACTYLA
even-toed ungulates
Order 12 subtaxa 434 trophisms 43 references
CARNIVORA
carnivores
Order 12 subtaxa 137 trophisms 30 references
CHIROPTERA
bats
Order 19 subtaxa 160 trophisms 18 references
DIPROTODONTIA
an order of terrestrial mammals
Order 1 subtaxa 1 trophisms
INSECTIVORA
insectivores
Order 5 subtaxa 57 trophisms 10 references
LAGOMORPHA
rabbits and hares
Order 3 subtaxa 215 trophisms 6 references
LEPORIDAE
rabbits and hares
Family 3 subtaxa 215 trophisms 6 references
PERISSODACTYLA
horses
Order 2 subtaxa 171 trophisms 5 references
EQUIDAE
horses
Family 2 subtaxa 171 trophisms 4 references
Equus
horses
Genus 2 subtaxa 171 trophisms 4 references
PRIMATES
primates
Order 1 subtaxa 77 trophisms 11 references
HOMINIDAE
men
Family 1 subtaxa 77 trophisms 11 references
RODENTIA
rodents
Order 19 subtaxa 245 trophisms 34 references
THERIA
a subclass of unassigneds
Subclass 11 subtaxa 2 trophisms 16 references
[Herbivores]
mammalian herbivores
Informal 59 subtaxa 1,969 trophisms 147 references
[Large Herbivores]
cattle, deer, pigs and horses
Informal 16 subtaxa 621 trophisms 48 references
Taxonomic hierarchy:
ClassMAMMALIA (mammals)
SuperclassTETRAPODA (a superclass of unassigneds)
PhylumCHORDATA (vertebrates)
SuperphylumDEUTEROSTOMIA (deuterostomes)
CladeBilateria (bilaterally symmetrical animals)
SubkingdomEUMETAZOA (metazoans)
KingdomANIMALIA (animals)
DomainEukaryota (eukaryotes)
LifeBIOTA (living things)
NBNNBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for MAMMALIA (mammals)

Identification Works

Handling & MagnificationAuthorYearTitleSource
Corbet, G.B. 1964 The Identification of British Mammals 46pp, British Museum (Natural History)
Harris, S & Yalden, D.W. 2008 Mammals of the British Isles 4th Edition edition, 800pp, The Mammal Society
Stokoe, W.J. 1958 *** The Observer’s Book of Wild Animals ***(Superseded) Observer's Books, Revised edition edition, 224pp, Frederick Warne & Co. Ltd.
in the field () van den Brink, F.H. 1967 Field Guide to the Mammals of Britain and Europe Collins Field Guides, 221pp, Collins

Dung Identification

Pagett, M. 2007 What shat that? the pocket guide to poop identity 112pp, Crombie Jardine Publishing Ltd

Tracks And Signs

in the field () Bang, P. & Dahlstrom, P. 1974 Animal Tracks and Signs Collins Guides, 240pp, Collins

MAMMALIA (mammals) may also be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

General Works

AuthorYearTitleSource
Arnold, H.R. 1978 Provisional atlas of the mammals of the British Isles 71pp, Biological Records Centre
Kushiro, T., Nambara, E. & McCourt, P. 2003 Hormone evolution: The key to signalling Nature Vol 422: 122.
Perrow, M. & Jowitt, A. 2003 Wetlands as an important habitat for small mammals British Wildlife Vol 14, No. 3: 171-179.
Yalden, D.W. 2003 Mammals in Britain - a historical perspective British Wildlife Vol 14, No. 4: 243-251.

Animal Pathology

Thompson, G.B. 1939 A check-list and host-list of the ectoparasites recorded from British birds and mammals Transactions of the Society for British Entomology Vol 6(1): 1-22.

Journals

Journal of the Zoological Society of London
The Linnean Society, London Journal of the Linnean Society - Zoology Published for/by:The Linnean Society, London
The Zoological Society of London Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. Series A. Published for/by:The Zoological Society of London

Parasitology

Canning, E.U., Cox, F.E.G., Croll, N.A. & Lyons, K.M. 1973 The Natural History of Slapton Ley Nature Reserve: VI Studies on Parasites Field Studies 3: 681-718.

Pathology

Thompson, G.B. 1939 A check-list and host-list of the ectoparasites recorded from British birds and mammals. Part i. Mammals (excluding bats). Transactions of the Society for British Entomology Vol 6 (1): 1-12.

Societies

Anon. British Association of Nature Conservationists www.banc.org.uk

Wildlife Rescue

Anon. UK Wildlife Rescue discussion group

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may also be relevant to MAMMALIA (mammals):

BioImagesBioImages (www.bioimages.org.uk) has 397 images of MAMMALIA (mammals)
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