SYMPHYTA Gerstaecker, 1867
(sawflies)

Interactions where SYMPHYTA is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Filters:

Affected Part Summary Taxon Vernacular Classification References Darwin Classification of Active Taxon Active Taxon Active Vernacular Active Taxon Uncertain Active State Active Part Active Stage Relationship Relationship Uncertain Relationship Geography Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon Passive Taxon Passive Vernacular Passive Taxon Uncertain Passive State Passive Part Passive Stage Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon Indoors etc Season Summary
larva is endoparasitoid host of larva ForeignMinor Blondelia nigripes a parasitoid fly Diptera: Tachinidae Tachinid Flies (Diptera: Tachinidae), Belshaw, R., 1993
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Tachinidae/Blondelia nigripes/Blondelia nigripesa parasitoid flylarva Animal / parasitoid / endoparasitoidForeign /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Symphyta/SymphytasawflieslarvaMinor larva is endoparasitoid of larva
larva is endoparasitoid host of larva Compsilura concinnata a parasitoid fly Diptera: Tachinidae Tachinid Flies (Diptera: Tachinidae), Belshaw, R., 1993
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Tachinidae/Compsilura concinnata/Compsilura concinnataa parasitoid flylarva Animal / parasitoid / endoparasitoid /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Symphyta/Symphytasawflieslarva larva is endoparasitoid of larva
larva is endoparasitoid host of larva Foreign Phryxe nemea a parasitoid fly Diptera: Tachinidae Tachinid Flies (Diptera: Tachinidae), Belshaw, R., 1993
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Tachinidae/Phryxe nemea/Phryxe nemeaa parasitoid flylarva Animal / parasitoid / endoparasitoidForeign /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Symphyta/Symphytasawflieslarva larva is endoparasitoid of larva
cocoon is endoparasitoid host of larva UK/Ireland Cleptes nitidulus a rubytail wasp Hymenoptera: Chrysididae Forage, prey and host-parasite relationships of aculeates, Macdonald, M.A., 2007
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Chrysididae/Cleptes nitidulus/Cleptes nitidulusa rubytail wasplarva Animal / parasitoid / endoparasitoidUK and/or Eire /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Symphyta/Symphytasawfliescocoon larva is endoparasitoid of cocoon
pupa is endoparasitoid host of larva UK/Ireland Cleptes semiauratus a rubytail wasp Hymenoptera: Chrysididae Forage, prey and host-parasite relationships of aculeates, Macdonald, M.A., 2007
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Chrysididae/Cleptes semiauratus/Cleptes semiauratusa rubytail wasplarva Animal / parasitoid / endoparasitoidUK and/or Eire /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Symphyta/Symphytasawfliespupa larva is endoparasitoid of pupa
larva may be infected by Entomophaga tenthredinis an entomophagous fungus Entomophthorales: Entomophthoraceae Key to the Species of Entomophthora sensu lato, Waterhouse, G.M. & Brady, B.L., 1982
 /Fungi/Zygomycota/Zygomycetes/Entomophthorales/Entomophthoraceae/Entomophaga tenthredinis/Entomophaga tenthredinisan entomophagous fungus Animal / pathogen /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Symphyta/Symphytasawflieslarva infects larva

Author & YearTitleSource
Belshaw, R., 1993Tachinid Flies (Diptera: Tachinidae)Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects, Vol 10, Part 4a(i), 169pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Macdonald, M.A., 2007Forage, prey and host-parasite relationships of aculeates
Waterhouse, G.M. & Brady, B.L., 1982Key to the Species of Entomophthora sensu latoBull. Br. mycol Soc. 16, 113-143, 1982 Bull. Br. mycol. Soc. 16 (2): 113-143.

SYMPHYTA (sawflies) may be included in 'feeds on' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

SYMPHYTA (sawflies) may also be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Subtaxon Rank Featured
subtaxa		 No of
interactions		 No of
references
CEPHOIDEA
a superfamily of sawflies
Superfamily 11 subtaxa 30 trophisms 5 references
MEGALODONTOIDEA
a superfamily of sawflies
Superfamily 1 references
ORUSSOIDEA
a superfamily of sawflies
Superfamily 1 subtaxa 1 trophisms 2 references
PAMPHILIOIDEA
a superfamily of sawflies
Superfamily 21 subtaxa 35 trophisms 1 references
SIRICOIDEA
woodwasps
Superfamily 5 subtaxa 13 trophisms 7 references
TENTHREDINOIDEA
a superfamily of sawflies
Superfamily 423 subtaxa 980 trophisms 108 references
XIPHYDRIOIDEA
a superfamily of sawflies
Superfamily 3 subtaxa 10 trophisms 6 references
XIPHYDRIIDAE
swordtail sawflies
Family 3 subtaxa 10 trophisms 5 references
XIPHYDRIINAE
a subfamily of hymenopterans
Subfamily 3 subtaxa 10 trophisms 5 references
XYELOIDEA
a superfamily of sawflies
Superfamily 3 subtaxa 6 trophisms 4 references
Taxonomic hierarchy:
SuborderSYMPHYTA (sawflies)
OrderHYMENOPTERA (ants, bees and wasps, sawflies and parasitoid wasps)
Division Endopterygota (bees, beetles, flies, moths and other insects with wings developing internally)
InfraclassNeoptera (bees, beetles, flies, grasshoppers, moths and other advanced insects)
SubclassPTERYGOTA (bees, beetles, dragonflies, flies, grasshoppers, moths and other winged insects)
ClassINSECTA (true insects)
SubphylumHEXAPODA (insects and other 6-legged organisms)
PhylumARTHROPODA (arthropods)
SuperphylumECDYSOZOA (skin shedders)
CladeBilateria (bilaterally symmetrical animals)
SubkingdomEUMETAZOA (metazoans)
KingdomANIMALIA (animals)
DomainEukaryota (eukaryotes)
LifeBIOTA (living things)
NBNNBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for SYMPHYTA (sawflies)

Identification Works

Handling & MagnificationAuthorYearTitleSource
Anon. Sawflies discussion group
Benson, R.B. 1958 Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c) Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol VI, Part 2(c), 252pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Benson, R.B. 1952 Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b) Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol VI, Part 2(b), 137pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Benson, R.B. 1951 Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (a) Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol VI, Part 2(a), 49pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Berland, L. 1947 *** Hyménoptères Tenthredoïdes ***(Superseded) Faune de France, Faune No 47, 496pp, Fédération Française des Sociétés de Science Naturel
Cameron, P. 1882 *** A Monograph of the British Phytophagous Hymenoptera (Tenthredo, Sirex and Cynips, Linne.) ***(Superseded) Vols 59, 62, 67 & 70., 340+233+?+274pp, The Ray Society, London
Sawfly Study Group Sawfly Study Group Newsletter Published for/by:Sawfly Study Group
Sheppard, D.A. 1996 Introduction to Sawflies (Draft)
() Wright, A. 1990 British Sawflies: a key to the adults of genera occurring in Britain AIDGAP, 203, 62pp, Field Studies Council

On Cherry Trees

Leather, S.R. & Bland, K.P. 1999 Insects on cherry trees 82pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd

Plant Galls

Anon. British Galls

SYMPHYTA (sawflies) may also be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

General Works

AuthorYearTitleSource
Liston, A.D., Knight, G.T., Sheppard, D.A., Broad, G.R. & Livermore, L. 2014 Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Sawflies, ‘Symphyta’ Biodiversity Data Journal 2: e1168.
Taeger, A. & Blank, S.M. (Eds) 1998 Pflanzenwespen Deutschlands - Taxonomie 379pp, Verlag Goecke & Evers
Taeger, A. & Blank, S.M. ECatSym: Elektronischer Katalog der Symphyta (Insecta, Hymenoptera) der Welt. www.zalf.de/home_zalf/institute/dei/php_e/ecatsym/index.html

Glossaries

Hackston, M. The thorax in sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta)

Journals/Leaf-miners

British Leafminers

Larvae/Leaf-miners

Anon. UK Leafminers discussion group

Pathology

Weiffenbach, W. 1988 Über einige aus Blattwespenlarven (Hymenoptera, Symphyta) gezogene Ichneumoniden (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) Mitt. Munch. Em. Ges.: 103-107.
Zwakhals, C.J. & Blommers, L.H.M. 2022 Tryphoninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) reared from sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) in the Netherlands Entomologische Berichten Vol 82 (1): 9-18.
Zwakhals, C.J. & Blommers, L.H.M. 2020 Perilissine wasps (Ichneumonidae, Ctenopelmatinae) reared from sawflies (Tenthredinidae) in the Netherlands Entomologische Berichten 80 (3): 97-104.

Plant Galls

Anon. British Plant Gall Society www.british-galls.org.uk

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may also be relevant to SYMPHYTA (sawflies):

BioImagesBioImages (www.bioimages.org.uk) has 945 images of SYMPHYTA (sawflies)

The saw is often needed to confirm identification of female sawflies. As it becomes quite brittle when dry it is best everted when fresh.

This can be quite tricky. The specimen should be temporarily pinned on its back and the saw can then be rotated upwards by 90° from between the two valves of the saw sheath. A mounted micropin (perhaps with a hooked tip) and/or very fine forceps are needed. Once it pops out it can be encouraged to stay by gently pressing at the base (in the crook of the "elbow"). The specimen can then be pinned in the normal orientation and left to dry with the saw pressing gently against the plastazote.

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