Betula pendula Roth
(Silver Birch)

Interactions where Betula pendula is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

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Affected Part Summary Taxon Vernacular Classification References Darwin Classification of Active Taxon Active Taxon Active Vernacular Active Taxon Uncertain Active State Active Part Active Stage Relationship Relationship Uncertain Relationship Geography Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon Passive Taxon Passive Vernacular Passive Taxon Uncertain Passive State Passive Part Passive Stage Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon Indoors etc Season Summary
may have adult Foreign Cryptocephalus frontalis a leaf beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Cryptocephalus frontalis/Cryptocephalus frontalisa leaf beetleadult Plant / resting place / onForeign /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birch (5-8)adult may be found on
may be infected and damaged by UK/Ireland Armillaria honey fungi Agaricales: Physalacriaceae British Parasitic Fungi, Moore, W.C., 1959
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Physalacriaceae/Armillaria/Armillariahoney fungi Foodplant / pathogenUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birch infects and damages
is associate of fruitbody Pholiota alnicola var alnicola Alder Scalycap Agaricales: Strophariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Strophariaceae/Pholiota alnicola var. alnicola/Pholiota alnicola var. alnicolaalder scalycapfruitbody Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birch fruitbody is associated with
(amphigenous) amphigenous cleistothecium is parasitised by live leaf UK/Ireland Erysiphe ornata var europaea a powdery mildew Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
An Introduction to British Powdery Mildews, Ing, B., 1990
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Erysiphales/Erysiphaceae/Erysiphe ornata var. europaea/Erysiphe ornata var. europaeaa powdery mildewliveleaf Foodplant / parasiteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchamphigenouscleistothecium live leaf parasitises amphigenous cleistothecium
(sparse) sparse conidial anamorph is parasitised by live leaf UK/Ireland Erysiphe ornata var europaea a powdery mildew Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
An Introduction to British Powdery Mildews, Ing, B., 1990
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Erysiphales/Erysiphaceae/Erysiphe ornata var. europaea/Erysiphe ornata var. europaeaa powdery mildewliveleaf Foodplant / parasiteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchsparseconidial anamorph live leaf parasitises sparse conidial anamorph
bark (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed bark is decayed by fruitbody Rare Leptosporomyces fuscostratus a resupinate basidiomycete Atheliales: Atheliaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Atheliales/Atheliaceae/Leptosporomyces fuscostratus/Leptosporomyces fuscostratusa resupinate basidiomycetefruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchdead, fallen, decayedbarkRare fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed bark
branch (dead, attached) dead, attached branch is decayed by fruitbody Minor Peniophora polygonia a resupinate fungus Russulales: Peniophoraceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Peniophoraceae/Peniophora polygonia/Peniophora polygoniaa resupinate fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchdead, attachedbranchMinor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, attached branch
cambium cambium of especially weakened or moribund may contain larva Scolytus ratzeburgii Birch Bark Beetle Coleoptera: Curculionidae Ophiostoma denticiliatum sp. nov. and other Ophiostoma species associated with the birch bark beetle in southern Norway, Linnakoski, R., de Beer, Z.W., Rousi, M., Solheim, H. & Wingfield, M.J., 2009
/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Scolytus ratzeburgii/Scolytus ratzeburgiibirch bark beetlelarva Foodplant / internal feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchcambiumespecially weakened or moribund larva feeds within cambium of especially weakened or moribund
catkin (fallen) fallen catkin is grazed by mobile cased larva Captivity Cryptocephalus coryli Hazel Pot Beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Cryptocephalus coryli/Cryptocephalus corylihazel pot beetlelarva Foodplant / mobile cased feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchfallencatkin Indoors, in greenhouse, captivity, culture or experimentally inducedlarva grazes in mobile case on fallen catkin
fruit pedicel fruit pedicel is galled by larva Minor Semudobia skuhravae a gall midge Diptera: Cecidomyiidae Plant Galls, Redfern, M. & Askew, R.R., 1992
/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Cecidomyiidae/Semudobia skuhravae/Semudobia skuhravaea gall midgelarva Foodplant / gall /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchfruit pedicelMinor larva causes gall of fruit pedicel
fruit (live, wingless or with reduced wings) live, wingless or with reduced wings fruit is galled by larva Minor Semudobia tarda a gall midge Diptera: Cecidomyiidae Plant Galls, Redfern, M. & Askew, R.R., 1992
/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Cecidomyiidae/Semudobia tarda/Semudobia tardaa gall midgelarva Foodplant / gall /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchlive, wingless or with reduced wingsfruitMinor larva causes gall of live, wingless or with reduced wings fruit
fruit (reduced-winged) reduced-winged fruit is galled by larva Major Semudobia betulae a gall midge Diptera: Cecidomyiidae Plant Galls, Redfern, M. & Askew, R.R., 1992
/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Cecidomyiidae/Semudobia betulae/Semudobia betulaea gall midgelarva Foodplant / gall /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchreduced-wingedfruitMajor (-6(7)larva causes gall of reduced-winged fruit
leaf leaf of esp. coppiced is foodplant of adult Cryptocephalus coryli Hazel Pot Beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Cryptocephalus coryli/Cryptocephalus corylihazel pot beetleadult Foodplant / feeds on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchleafesp. coppiced (early 4-)5-6(-12)adult feeds on leaf of esp. coppiced
leaf leaf is mined by larva UK/Ireland Anoplus plantaris a weevil Coleoptera: Curculionidae True Weevils (Part I): Family Curculionidae, subfamilies Raymondionyminae to Smicronychinae, Morris, M.G., 2002
/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Anoplus plantaris/Anoplus plantarisa weevillarva Foodplant / minerUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchleaf larva mines leaf
leaf leaf is spotted by Fusicladium anamorph Foreign Fusicladium betulae Venturiales: Venturiaceae The genus Fusicladium (Hyphomycetes) in Poland, Ruszkiewicz-Michalska, M. & Polec, E., 2006
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Venturiales/Venturiaceae/Fusicladium betulae/Fusicladium betulaeFusicladium anamorph Foodplant / spot causerForeign /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchleaf Fusicladium anamorph causes spots on leaf
leaf (fallen) fallen leaf is grazed by mobile cased larva MajorCaptivity Cryptocephalus coryli Hazel Pot Beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Cryptocephalus coryli/Cryptocephalus corylihazel pot beetlelarva Foodplant / mobile cased feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchfallenleafMajor Indoors, in greenhouse, captivity, culture or experimentally inducedlarva grazes in mobile case on fallen leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is grazed by mobile cased larva Major Cryptocephalus nitidulus Shining Pot Beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Cryptocephalus nitidulus/Cryptocephalus nitidulusshining pot beetlelarva Foodplant / mobile cased feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchliveleafMajor larva grazes in mobile case on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf of sapling is grazed by adult Major Cryptocephalus nitidulus Shining Pot Beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Cryptocephalus nitidulus/Cryptocephalus nitidulusshining pot beetleadult Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchliveleafsaplingMajor (early 5-9)adult grazes on live leaf of sapling
leaf (live) live leaf is galled by solitary larva Minor Anisostephus betulinus a gall midge Diptera: Cecidomyiidae Plant Galls, Redfern, M. & Askew, R.R., 1992
/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Cecidomyiidae/Anisostephus betulinus/Anisostephus betulinusa gall midgesolitarylarva Foodplant / gall /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchliveleafMinor (-8 or 9)solitary larva causes gall of live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is spotted by stromatic Fusicladium anamorph Foreign Fusicladium scribnerianum Venturiales: Venturiaceae The genus Fusicladium (Hyphomycetes) in Poland, Ruszkiewicz-Michalska, M. & Polec, E., 2006
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Venturiales/Venturiaceae/Fusicladium scribnerianum/Fusicladium scribnerianumstromaticFusicladium anamorph Foodplant / spot causerForeign /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchliveleaf stromatic Fusicladium anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is parasitised by hypophyllous UK/Ireland Phyllactinia betulae Birch Mildew, Birch Powdery Mildew Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae The Powdery Mildews (Erysiphales) of Wales: An Identification Guide and Census Catalogue, Chater, A.O. & Woods, R.G., 2019
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Erysiphales/Erysiphaceae/Phyllactinia betulae/Phyllactinia betulaebirch mildew, birch powdery mildewhypophyllous Foodplant / parasiteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchliveleaf hypophyllous parasitises live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf of esp. young trees is parasitised by hypophyllous uredium Foreign Melampsoridium betulinum Birch Rust Pucciniales: Pucciniastraceae Differentiating characteristics between Melampsoridium rusts infecting birch and alder leaves, Kurkela, T., Hanso, M & Hantula, J., 1999
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniastraceae/Melampsoridium betulinum/Melampsoridium betulinumbirch rusthypophyllousuredium Foodplant / parasiteForeign /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchliveleafesp. young trees (8-10)hypophyllous uredium parasitises live leaf of esp. young trees
leaf (live) live leaf of esp. young trees is parasitised by hypophyllous telium Foreign Melampsoridium betulinum Birch Rust Pucciniales: Pucciniastraceae Differentiating characteristics between Melampsoridium rusts infecting birch and alder leaves, Kurkela, T., Hanso, M & Hantula, J., 1999
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniastraceae/Melampsoridium betulinum/Melampsoridium betulinumbirch rusthypophylloustelium Foodplant / parasiteForeign /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchliveleafesp. young trees (8-10)hypophyllous telium parasitises live leaf of esp. young trees
pollen (live) live pollen of sapling is grazed by adult Major Cryptocephalus nitidulus Shining Pot Beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Cryptocephalus nitidulus/Cryptocephalus nitidulusshining pot beetleadult Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchlivepollensaplingMajor (early 5-9)adult grazes on live pollen of sapling
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody Cortinarius armillatus Red Banded Webcap Agaricales: Cortinariaceae Identification of ectomycorrhizal fungi by thin layer chromatography, Thoen, D., 1977
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cortinariaceae/Cortinarius armillatus/Cortinarius armillatusred banded webcapfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody Pisolithus capsulifer Dyeball Boletales: Sclerodermataceae Identification of ectomycorrhizal fungi by thin layer chromatography, Thoen, D., 1977
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Sclerodermataceae/Pisolithus capsulifer/Pisolithus capsuliferdyeballfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody QuestionableMajor Phellodon confluens Fused Tooth Thelephorales: Bankeraceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Thelephorales/Bankeraceae/Phellodon confluens/Phellodon confluensfused toothfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchliverootMajor fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
root (live) live root is ectomycorrhizal host of fruitbody Questionable Thelephora palmata Stinking Earthfan Thelephorales: Thelephoraceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Thelephorales/Thelephoraceae/Thelephora palmata/Thelephora palmatastinking earthfanfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchliveroot fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
sap wood sap wood may be infected and damaged by mycelium UK/Ireland Ceratocystis pilifera an ascomycete fungus Microascales: Ceratocystidaceae Fungi, including Ophiostoma karelicum sp. nov., associated with Scolytus ratzeburgi infesting birch in Finland and Russia, Linnakowski, R., de Beer, Z.W., Rousi, M., Niemelä, P, Pappinien, A. & Wingfield M.J., 2008
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Microascales/Ceratocystidaceae/Ceratocystis pilifera/Ceratocystis piliferaan ascomycete fungusmycelium Foodplant / pathogenUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchsap wood mycelium infects and damages sap wood
sap wood sap wood may be infected and damaged by mycelium Foreign Ophiostoma denticiliatum (A Blue-stain Fungus) Ophiostomatales: Ophiostomataceae Ophiostoma denticiliatum sp. nov. and other Ophiostoma species associated with the birch bark beetle in southern Norway, Linnakoski, R., de Beer, Z.W., Rousi, M., Solheim, H. & Wingfield, M.J., 2009
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Ophiostomatales/Ophiostomataceae/Ophiostoma denticiliatum/Ophiostoma denticiliatum(a blue-stain fungus)mycelium Foodplant / pathogenForeign /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchsap wood mycelium infects and damages sap wood
sap wood sap wood may be infected and damaged by mycelium Foreign Ophiostoma quercus (A Blue-stain Fungus) Ophiostomatales: Ophiostomataceae Fungi, including Ophiostoma karelicum sp. nov., associated with Scolytus ratzeburgi infesting birch in Finland and Russia, Linnakowski, R., de Beer, Z.W., Rousi, M., Niemelä, P, Pappinien, A. & Wingfield M.J., 2008
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Ophiostomatales/Ophiostomataceae/Ophiostoma quercus/Ophiostoma quercus(a blue-stain fungus)mycelium Foodplant / pathogenForeign /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchsap wood mycelium infects and damages sap wood
stick (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed stick is decayed by fruitbody Minor Steccherinum ochraceum a resupinate spine fungus Polyporales: Meruliaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Meruliaceae/Steccherinum ochraceum/Steccherinum ochraceuma resupinate spine fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchdead, fallen, decayedstickMinor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed stick
trunk (live) live trunk is parasitised by fruitbody Minor Ganoderma resinaceum a bracket fungus Polyporales: Ganodermataceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Ganodermataceae/Ganoderma resinaceum/Ganoderma resinaceuma bracket fungusfruitbody Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchlivetrunkMinor fruitbody parasitises live trunk
twig twig is galled by Questionable Taphrina betulina Birch Besom Taphrinales: Taphrinaceae Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls, Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Taphrinomycetes/Taphrinales/Taphrinaceae/Taphrina betulina/Taphrina betulinabirch besom Foodplant / gall /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birch?twig causes gall of twig
twig (corticate (thin)) corticate (thin) twig is decayed by stroma UK/IrelandMinor Hypocrea alni a stromatic pyrenomycete Hypocreales: Hypocreaceae Three European species of Hypocrea with reddish brown stromata and green ascospores, Jaklitsch, W.M., Kubicek, C.P. & Druzhinina, I.S., 2008
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Hypocreaceae/Hypocrea alni/Hypocrea alnia stromatic pyrenomycetestroma Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchcorticate (thin)twigMinor stroma is saprobic on corticate (thin) twig
twig (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed twig is decayed by fruitbody Minor Steccherinum ochraceum a resupinate spine fungus Polyporales: Meruliaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Meruliaceae/Steccherinum ochraceum/Steccherinum ochraceuma resupinate spine fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchdead, fallen, decayedtwigMinor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed twig
twig (fallen) fallen twig is decayed by sessile, clustered, erumpent through cracks in bark, sessile apothecium UK/Ireland Pezicula carnea a discomycete Helotiales: Dermateaceae A Mycologist’s Diary, Robinson, K., 2007
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Pezicula carnea/Pezicula carneaa discomycetesessile, clustered, erumpent through cracks in bark, sessileapothecium Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchfallentwig sessile, clustered, erumpent through cracks in bark, sessile apothecium is saprobic on fallen twig
wood (burnt (within 1-5 years)) burnt (within 1-5 years) wood is decayed by superficial stroma UK/Ireland Daldinia loculata Birch Cramp-ball Xylariales: Xylariaceae Secondary metabolite profiles, genetic fingerprints and taxonomy of Daldinia and allies, Stadler, M., Wollweber, H., Mühlbauer, A., Henkel, T., Asakawa, Y., Hashimoto, T, 2001
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Daldinia loculata/Daldinia loculatabirch cramp-ballsuperficialstroma Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchburnt (within 1-5 years)wood superficial stroma is saprobic on burnt (within 1-5 years) wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Rare Leptosporomyces fuscostratus a resupinate basidiomycete Atheliales: Atheliaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Atheliales/Atheliaceae/Leptosporomyces fuscostratus/Leptosporomyces fuscostratusa resupinate basidiomycetefruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchdead, decayedwoodRare fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, fallen, decayed) dead, fallen, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Pholiota alnicola var alnicola Alder Scalycap Agaricales: Strophariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Strophariaceae/Pholiota alnicola var. alnicola/Pholiota alnicola var. alnicolaalder scalycapfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchdead, fallen, decayedwood fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by fruitbody Minor Pleurotus pulmonarius Pale Oyster Agaricales: Pleurotaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Pleurotaceae/Pleurotus pulmonarius/Pleurotus pulmonariuspale oysterfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchdeadwoodMinor fruitbody is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by fruitbody Peniophora polygonia a resupinate fungus Russulales: Peniophoraceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Peniophoraceae/Peniophora polygonia/Peniophora polygoniaa resupinate fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Betula pendula/Betula pendulasilver birchdeadwood fruitbody is saprobic on dead wood

Author & YearTitleSource
Chater, A.O. & Woods, R.G., 2019The Powdery Mildews (Erysiphales) of Wales: An Identification Guide and Census Catalogue58pp
Cox, M.L., 2007Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland336pp, Pisces Publications
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Betula pendula (Silver Birch) may also be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Taxonomic hierarchy:
SpeciesBetula pendula (Silver Birch)
GenusBetula (birches)
FamilyBETULACEAE (birches, hazels, hornbeams and alders)
OrderFAGALES (forest trees)
SubclassEU-DICOTS (dicotyledonous flowering plants)
ClassMAGNOLIOPSIDA (flowering plants)
PhylumTRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
KingdomPLANTAE (plants)
DomainEukaryota (eukaryotes)
LifeBIOTA (living things)
NBNNBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Betula pendula (Silver Birch)

Identification Works

Handling & MagnificationAuthorYearTitleSource

Plant Pathology

Green, S. 2004 Fungi associated with shoots of silver birch (Betula pendula) in Scotland Mycol. Res. Vol 108 (11): 1327-1336.

Betula pendula (Silver Birch) may also be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Betula pendula (Silver Birch):

BioImagesBioImages (www.bioimages.org.uk) has 9 images of Betula pendula (Silver Birch)
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