Rhododendron (rhododendrons and azaleas)

Interactions where Rhododendron is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Filters:

Affected Part	Summary	Taxon	Vernacular	Classification	References	Darwin Classification of Active Taxon	Active Taxon	Active Vernacular	Active State	Active Part	Active Stage	Relationship	Relationship Geography	Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon	Passive Taxon	Passive Vernacular	Passive State	Passive Part	Passive Stage	Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon	Season	Summary
	has sap sucked by adult	Stephanitis rhododendri	Rhododendron Lacebug	Hemiptera: Tingidae	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Tingidae/Stephanitis rhododendri/	Stephanitis rhododendri	rhododendron lacebug			adult	Foodplant / sap sucker		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas						adult sucks sap of
	has sap sucked by nymph	Stephanitis rhododendri	Rhododendron Lacebug	Hemiptera: Tingidae	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Tingidae/Stephanitis rhododendri/	Stephanitis rhododendri	rhododendron lacebug			nymph	Foodplant / sap sucker		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas						nymph sucks sap of
	has sap sucked by	Stephanitis takeyai	Andromeda Lacebug	Hemiptera: Tingidae	CSL Pest Risk Analysis for Stephanitis takeyai, MacLeod, A., 2006	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Tingidae/Stephanitis takeyai/	Stephanitis takeyai	andromeda lacebug				Foodplant / sap sucker		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas						sucks sap of
	is foodplant of pycnidium of Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph	Phyllosticta cunninghami	a coelomycete	Botryosphaeriales: Phyllostictaceae	Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Botryosphaeriales/Phyllostictaceae/Phyllosticta cunninghami/	Phyllosticta cunninghami	a coelomycete		pycnidium	Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / feeds on	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas						pycnidium of Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph feeds on
	is foodplant of pycnidium of Phoma coelomycetous anamorph	Phyllosticta rhodorae	a coelomycete	Botryosphaeriales: Phyllostictaceae	Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Botryosphaeriales/Phyllostictaceae/Phyllosticta rhodorae/	Phyllosticta rhodorae	a coelomycete		pycnidium	Phoma coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / feeds on	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas						pycnidium of Phoma coelomycetous anamorph feeds on
	is foodplant of pycnidium of Phoma coelomycetous anamorph	Phoma pomorum	a coelomycete	Pleosporales	Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Phoma pomorum/	Phoma pomorum	a coelomycete		pycnidium	Phoma coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / feeds on	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas						pycnidium of Phoma coelomycetous anamorph feeds on
	is foodplant of pycnidium of Phoma coelomycetous anamorph	Phoma leveillei	a coelomycete	Pleosporales	Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Phoma leveillei/	Phoma leveillei	a coelomycete		pycnidium	Phoma coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / feeds on	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas						pycnidium of Phoma coelomycetous anamorph feeds on
	is decayed by stromatic, single or in groups of 2-3 apothecium	Ovulinia azaleae	Rhododendron Petal Blight - causative organism	Helotiales: Sclerotiniaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Fungal foes in your garden no 58: Petal Blight on Azalea, Fox, R.T.V., 2004	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Sclerotiniaceae/Ovulinia azaleae/	Ovulinia azaleae	rhododendron petal blight (causative organism)	stromatic, single or in groups of 2-3		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe	Confirmed abroad, probable in UK/Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas						stromatic, single or in groups of 2-3 apothecium is saprobic on
	litter is decayed by colony of Phaeostalagmus dematiaceous anamorph	Phaeostalagmus tenuissimus	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	Chaetosphaeriales: Chaetosphaeriaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Chaetosphaeriales/Chaetosphaeriaceae/Phaeostalagmus tenuissimus/	Phaeostalagmus tenuissimus	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus		colony	Phaeostalagmus dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas			litter			colony of Phaeostalagmus dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on litter
	is foodplant of pycnidium of Diplodina coelomycetous anamorph	Diplodina eurhododendri	a coelomycete	Diaporthales: Gnomoniaceae	Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Gnomoniaceae/Diplodina eurhododendri/	Diplodina eurhododendri	a coelomycete		pycnidium	Diplodina coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / feeds on	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas						pycnidium of Diplodina coelomycetous anamorph feeds on
	may be infected and damaged by	Armillaria	honey fungi	Agaricales: Physalacriaceae	British Parasitic Fungi, Moore, W.C., 1959	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Physalacriaceae/Armillaria/	Armillaria	honey fungi				Foodplant / pathogen		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas						infects and damages
(dead)	dead is decayed by colony of Acrodontium dematiaceous anamorph	Acrodontium hydnicola	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus		Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Acrodontium hydnicola/	Acrodontium hydnicola	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus		colony	Acrodontium dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead					colony of Acrodontium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead
(dead)	dead is decayed by acervulus of Pestalotiopsis coelomycetous anamorph	Pestalotiopsis funerea	a coelomycete	Xylariales: Amphisphaeriaceae	Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Amphisphaeriaceae/Pestalotiopsis funerea/	Pestalotiopsis funerea	a coelomycete		acervulus	Pestalotiopsis coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead					acervulus of Pestalotiopsis coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead
(dead)	dead is decayed by acervulus of Pestalotiopsis coelomycetous anamorph	Pestalotiopsis sydowiana	a coelomycete	Xylariales: Amphisphaeriaceae	Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Amphisphaeriaceae/Pestalotiopsis sydowiana/	Pestalotiopsis sydowiana	a coelomycete		acervulus	Pestalotiopsis coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead					acervulus of Pestalotiopsis coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead
(dead)	dead is decayed by acervulus of Pestalotiopsis coelomycetous anamorph	Pestalotiopsis versicolor	a coelomycete	Xylariales: Amphisphaeriaceae	Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Amphisphaeriaceae/Pestalotiopsis versicolor/	Pestalotiopsis versicolor	a coelomycete		acervulus	Pestalotiopsis coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead					acervulus of Pestalotiopsis coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead
(live)	live is foodplant of adult	Otiorhynchus singularis	Raspberry Weevil, Clay-coloured Weevil	Coleoptera: Curculionidae	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Otiorhynchus singularis/	Otiorhynchus singularis	raspberry weevil, clay-coloured weevil			adult	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	live					adult feeds on live
(live)	live has sap sucked by nymph	Kleidocerys resedae	Birch Catkin Bug	Hemiptera: Lygaeidae	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Lygaeidae/Kleidocerys resedae/	Kleidocerys resedae	birch catkin bug			nymph	Foodplant / sap sucker		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	live			Minor		nymph sucks sap of live
(live)	live has sap sucked by adult	Kleidocerys resedae	Birch Catkin Bug	Hemiptera: Lygaeidae	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Lygaeidae/Kleidocerys resedae/	Kleidocerys resedae	birch catkin bug			adult	Foodplant / sap sucker		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	live			Minor		adult sucks sap of live
bark	bark is decayed by effuse colony of Mariannaea anamorph	Mariannaea elegans	an anamorphic fungus	Hypocreales: Nectriaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Mariannaea elegans/	Mariannaea elegans	an anamorphic fungus	effuse	colony	Mariannaea anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas		bark				effuse colony of Mariannaea anamorph is saprobic on bark
bark (dead)	dead bark is decayed by effuse colony of Acladium anamorph	Botryobasidium conspersum	a resupinate fungus	Cantharellales: Botryobasidiaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Cantharellales/Botryobasidiaceae/Botryobasidium conspersum/	Botryobasidium conspersum	a resupinate fungus	effuse	colony	Acladium anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead	bark				effuse colony of Acladium anamorph is saprobic on dead bark
branch (large) (decayed)	decayed branch (large) is decayed by fruitbody	Crepidotus applanatus var applanatus	Flat Oysterling	Agaricales: Inocybaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Inocybaceae/Crepidotus applanatus var. applanatus/	Crepidotus applanatus var. applanatus	flat oysterling			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	decayed	branch (large)				fruitbody is saprobic on decayed branch (large)
branch wood (dry, hard, decorticate)	dry, hard, decorticate branch wood is decayed by superficial pycnidium of Aposphaeria coelomycetous anamorph	Melanomma pulvis-pyrius	an ascomycete	Pleosporales: Melanommataceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Melanommataceae/Melanomma pulvis-pyrius/	Melanomma pulvis-pyrius	an ascomycete	superficial	pycnidium	Aposphaeria coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dry, hard, decorticate	branch wood			(9-5)	superficial pycnidium of Aposphaeria coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dry, hard, decorticate branch wood
branch wood (dry, hard, decorticate)	dry, hard, decorticate branch wood is decayed by superficial, often in very large clusters pseudothecium	Melanomma pulvis-pyrius	an ascomycete	Pleosporales: Melanommataceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Melanommataceae/Melanomma pulvis-pyrius/	Melanomma pulvis-pyrius	an ascomycete	superficial, often in very large clusters		pseudothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dry, hard, decorticate	branch wood			(9-5)	superficial, often in very large clusters pseudothecium is saprobic on dry, hard, decorticate branch wood
branch (dead, decorticate)	dead, decorticate branch is decayed by hysterothecium	Hysterium angustatum	a coffee bean fungus	Hysteriales: Hysteriaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Hysteriales/Hysteriaceae/Hysterium angustatum/	Hysterium angustatum	a coffee bean fungus			hysterothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead, decorticate	branch			(3-5)	hysterothecium is saprobic on dead, decorticate branch
branch (dead, esp. buried under brushwood)	dead, esp. buried under brushwood branch is decayed by gregarious, subiculate perithecium	Rosellinia aquila	a pyrenomycete	Xylariales: Xylariaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Rosellinia aquila/	Rosellinia aquila	a pyrenomycete	gregarious, subiculate		perithecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead, esp. buried under brushwood	branch			(2-5)	gregarious, subiculate perithecium is saprobic on dead, esp. buried under brushwood branch
branch (dead, esp. buried under brushwood)	dead, esp. buried under brushwood branch is decayed by colony of Geniculosporium dematiaceous anamorph	Rosellinia aquila	a pyrenomycete	Xylariales: Xylariaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Xylariaceae/Rosellinia aquila/	Rosellinia aquila	a pyrenomycete		colony	Geniculosporium dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead, esp. buried under brushwood	branch			(2-5)	colony of Geniculosporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead, esp. buried under brushwood branch
branch (dead, fallen)	dead, fallen branch is decayed by extensively subiculate apothecium	Tapesia fusca	a discomycete	Helotiales: Dermateaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Tapesia fusca/	Tapesia fusca	a discomycete	extensively subiculate		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead, fallen	branch		Minor	(1-12)	extensively subiculate apothecium is saprobic on dead, fallen branch
branch (dead, locally dark reddish-brown, shining)	dead, locally dark reddish-brown, shining branch is decayed by scattered, immersed, plurilocular stroma of Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph	Cytospora subclypeata	a stromatic coelomycete	Diaporthales: Valsaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Valsaceae/Cytospora subclypeata/	Cytospora subclypeata	a stromatic coelomycete	scattered, immersed, plurilocular	stroma	Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead, locally dark reddish-brown, shining	branch			(2-11)	scattered, immersed, plurilocular stroma of Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead, locally dark reddish-brown, shining branch
branch (dead, often grey or purple stained)	dead, often grey or purple stained branch is decayed by effuse colony of Triposporium dematiaceous anamorph	Triposporium elegans	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	Asterinales: Asterinaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Asterinales/Asterinaceae/Triposporium elegans/	Triposporium elegans	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	effuse	colony	Triposporium dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead, often grey or purple stained	branch			(1-12)	effuse colony of Triposporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead, often grey or purple stained branch
branch (dead)	dead branch is decayed by hysterothecium	Gloniopsis praelonga	an ascomycete	Hysteriales: Hysteriaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Hysteriales/Hysteriaceae/Gloniopsis praelonga/	Gloniopsis praelonga	an ascomycete			hysterothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead	branch			(1-12)	hysterothecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead)	dead branch is decayed by sessile apothecium	Mollisia cinerea	Common Grey Disco	Helotiales: Dermateaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Mollisia cinerea/	Mollisia cinerea	common grey disco	sessile		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead	branch			(1-12)	sessile apothecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead)	dead branch is decayed by apothecium	Dematioscypha dematiicola	a discomycete	Helotiales: Hyaloscyphaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Hyaloscyphaceae/Dematioscypha dematiicola/	Dematioscypha dematiicola	a discomycete			apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead	branch			(10-4)	apothecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead)	dead branch is decayed by effuse colony of Haplographium dematiaceous anamorph	Dematioscypha dematiicola	a discomycete	Helotiales: Hyaloscyphaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Hyaloscyphaceae/Dematioscypha dematiicola/	Dematioscypha dematiicola	a discomycete	effuse	colony	Haplographium dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead	branch			(1-12)	effuse colony of Haplographium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead)	dead branch is decayed by effuse colony of Sporidesmium dematiaceous anamorph	Sporidesmium leptosporum	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus		Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Sporidesmium leptosporum/	Sporidesmium leptosporum	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	effuse	colony	Sporidesmium dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead	branch			(1-12)	effuse colony of Sporidesmium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead)	dead branch is decayed by stromatic, in clusters of up to 15 perithecium	Nectria cinnabarina	Coral Spot, Coral-spot Fungus	Hypocreales: Nectriaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Nectria cinnabarina/	Nectria cinnabarina	coral spot, coral-spot fungus	stromatic, in clusters of up to 15		perithecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead	branch			(9-3)	stromatic, in clusters of up to 15 perithecium is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead)	dead branch is decayed by sporodochium of Tubercularia anamorph	Nectria cinnabarina	Coral Spot, Coral-spot Fungus	Hypocreales: Nectriaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Nectria cinnabarina/	Nectria cinnabarina	coral spot, coral-spot fungus		sporodochium	Tubercularia anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead	branch				sporodochium of Tubercularia anamorph is saprobic on dead branch
branch (dead)	dead branch is decayed by	Tubulicrinis regificus	a white-wash fungus	Hymenochaetales: Hymenochaetaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Hymenochaetales/Hymenochaetaceae/Tubulicrinis regificus/	Tubulicrinis regificus	a white-wash fungus				Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead	branch				is saprobic on dead branch
branch (fallen, dead, esp. covered by leaf mould)	fallen, dead, esp. covered by leaf mould branch is decayed by perithecium	Chaetosphaeria inaequalis	a pyrenomycete	Chaetosphaeriales: Chaetosphaeriaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Chaetosphaeriales/Chaetosphaeriaceae/Chaetosphaeria inaequalis/	Chaetosphaeria inaequalis	a pyrenomycete			perithecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	fallen, dead, esp. covered by leaf mould	branch			(1-12)	perithecium is saprobic on fallen, dead, esp. covered by leaf mould branch
branch (fallen, dead, esp. covered by leaf mould)	fallen, dead, esp. covered by leaf mould branch is decayed by colony of Gonytrichum dematiaceous anamorph	Chaetosphaeria inaequalis	a pyrenomycete	Chaetosphaeriales: Chaetosphaeriaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Chaetosphaeriales/Chaetosphaeriaceae/Chaetosphaeria inaequalis/	Chaetosphaeria inaequalis	a pyrenomycete		colony	Gonytrichum dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	fallen, dead, esp. covered by leaf mould	branch			(1-12)	colony of Gonytrichum dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on fallen, dead, esp. covered by leaf mould branch
branch (fallen, dead)	fallen, dead branch is decayed by effuse colony of Helminthosporium dematiaceous anamorph	Helminthosporium velutinum	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	Pleosporales: Massarinaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Massarinaceae/Helminthosporium velutinum/	Helminthosporium velutinum	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	effuse	colony	Helminthosporium dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	fallen, dead	branch				effuse colony of Helminthosporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on fallen, dead branch
branch (fallen, dead)	fallen, dead branch is decayed by colony of Phaeostalagmus dematiaceous anamorph	Phaeostalagmus cyclosporus	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	Chaetosphaeriales: Chaetosphaeriaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Chaetosphaeriales/Chaetosphaeriaceae/Phaeostalagmus cyclosporus/	Phaeostalagmus cyclosporus	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus		colony	Phaeostalagmus dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	fallen, dead	branch			(1-12)	colony of Phaeostalagmus dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on fallen, dead branch
branch (fallen)	fallen branch is decayed by colony of Phaeostalagmus dematiaceous anamorph	Phaeostalagmus tenuissimus	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	Chaetosphaeriales: Chaetosphaeriaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Chaetosphaeriales/Chaetosphaeriaceae/Phaeostalagmus tenuissimus/	Phaeostalagmus tenuissimus	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus		colony	Phaeostalagmus dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	fallen	branch				colony of Phaeostalagmus dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on fallen branch
bud (live)	live bud may contain caterpillar	Zeuzera pyrina	Leopard Moth	Lepidoptera: Cossidae	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Lepidoptera/Cossidae/Zeuzera pyrina/	Zeuzera pyrina	leopard moth			caterpillar	Foodplant / internal feeder		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	live	bud				caterpillar feeds within live bud
flower bud (esp terminal) (brown, then silvery)	brown, then silvery flower bud (esp terminal) may be infected and damaged by coremium of Pycnostysanus dematiacous anamorph	Seifertia azaleae	Rhododendron Bud Blast and Twig Blight - causative organism		Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998 Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Seifertia azaleae/	Seifertia azaleae	rhododendron bud blast and twig blight (causative organism)		coremium	Pycnostysanus dematiacous anamorph	Foodplant / pathogen	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	brown, then silvery	flower bud (esp terminal)		Sole		coremium of Pycnostysanus dematiacous anamorph infects and damages brown, then silvery flower bud (esp terminal)
leaf (esp. near midrib) (dead)	dead leaf (esp. near midrib) is decayed by amphigenous, erumpent perithecium	Coleroa rhododendri	a pyrenomycete	Venturiales: Venturiaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Venturiales/Venturiaceae/Coleroa rhododendri/	Coleroa rhododendri	a pyrenomycete	amphigenous, erumpent		perithecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead	leaf (esp. near midrib)			(2-4)	amphigenous, erumpent perithecium is saprobic on dead leaf (esp. near midrib)
leaf (margin)	leaf (margin) is grazed by nocturnal adult	Otiorhynchus sulcatus	Vine Weevil	Coleoptera: Curculionidae	RHS Gardening For All, RHS Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Otiorhynchus sulcatus/	Otiorhynchus sulcatus	vine weevil	nocturnal		adult	Foodplant / open feeder		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas		leaf (margin)		Major		nocturnal adult grazes on leaf (margin)
leaf	leaf is spotted by mycelium	Phytophthora alni	Sudden Oak Death - causative organism, SOD, Phytophthora Disease Of Alder	Peronosporales: Peronosporaceae	Phytophthora diseases of trees, Anon., 2008 Phytophthora ramorum: one pathogen and many diseases, an emerging threat to forest ecosystems and ornamental plant life, Appiah, A., Jennings, P., & Turner, J.A., 2004 First report of Ramorum dieback (Phytophthora ramorum) on Hamamelis virginiana in the UK, Giltrap, P.M. et al, 2004	/Chromista/Oomycota/Peronosporea/Peronosporales/Peronosporaceae/Phytophthora alni/	Phytophthora alni	sudden oak death (causative organism), SOD, phytophthora disease of alder			mycelium	Foodplant / spot causer	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas		leaf		Major		mycelium causes spots on leaf
leaf	leaf is spotted by epiphyllous pycnidium of Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph	Phyllosticta rhododendri sensu Westd.	a coelomycete	Botryosphaeriales: Phyllostictaceae	Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995 British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Botryosphaeriales/Phyllostictaceae/Phyllosticta rhododendri sensu Westd./	Phyllosticta rhododendri sensu Westd.	a coelomycete	epiphyllous	pycnidium	Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas		leaf			(5-12)	epiphyllous pycnidium of Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on leaf
leaf	leaf may have epiphytic superficial pseudothecium	Dennisiella babingtonii	a sooty mould	Capnodiales: Coccodiniaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Coccodiniaceae/Dennisiella babingtonii/	Dennisiella babingtonii	a sooty mould	superficial		pseudothecium	Plant / epiphyte		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas		leaf				superficial pseudothecium grows on leaf
leaf	leaf may have epiphytic seta-bearing mycelial mat	Dennisiella babingtonii	a sooty mould	Capnodiales: Coccodiniaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Coccodiniaceae/Dennisiella babingtonii/	Dennisiella babingtonii	a sooty mould	seta-bearing		mycelial mat	Plant / epiphyte		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas		leaf				seta-bearing mycelial mat grows on leaf
leaf	leaf may be infected and damaged by coremium of Pycnostysanus dematiacous anamorph	Seifertia azaleae	Rhododendron Bud Blast and Twig Blight - causative organism		Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Seifertia azaleae/	Seifertia azaleae	rhododendron bud blast and twig blight (causative organism)		coremium	Pycnostysanus dematiacous anamorph	Foodplant / pathogen	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas		leaf		Sole		coremium of Pycnostysanus dematiacous anamorph infects and damages leaf
leaf (dead, attached)	dead, attached leaf is decayed by epiphyllous, immersed, in swarm perithecium	Phomatospora gelatinospora	a pyrenomycete	Xylariales	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Phomatospora gelatinospora/	Phomatospora gelatinospora	a pyrenomycete	epiphyllous, immersed, in swarm		perithecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead, attached	leaf			(4-5)	epiphyllous, immersed, in swarm perithecium is saprobic on dead, attached leaf
leaf (dead, fallen)	dead, fallen leaf is decayed by immersed apothecium	Lophodermium vagulum	a discomycete	Rhytismatales: Rhytismataceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Rhytismatales/Rhytismataceae/Lophodermium vagulum/	Lophodermium vagulum	a discomycete	immersed		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead, fallen	leaf				immersed apothecium is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf
leaf (dead, locally dark reddish-brown, shining)	dead, locally dark reddish-brown, shining leaf is decayed by scattered, immersed, plurilocular stroma of Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph	Cytospora subclypeata	a stromatic coelomycete	Diaporthales: Valsaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Valsaceae/Cytospora subclypeata/	Cytospora subclypeata	a stromatic coelomycete	scattered, immersed, plurilocular	stroma	Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead, locally dark reddish-brown, shining	leaf			(2-11)	scattered, immersed, plurilocular stroma of Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead, locally dark reddish-brown, shining leaf
leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by effuse colony of Belemnospora dematiaceous anamorph	Belemnospora epiphylla	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus		Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Belemnospora epiphylla/	Belemnospora epiphylla	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	effuse	colony	Belemnospora dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead	leaf				effuse colony of Belemnospora dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by immersed, numerous, gregarious pycnidium of Coleophoma coelomycetous anamorph	Coleophoma cylindrospora	a coelomycete		British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Coleophoma cylindrospora/	Coleophoma cylindrospora	a coelomycete	immersed, numerous, gregarious	pycnidium	Coleophoma coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead	leaf				immersed, numerous, gregarious pycnidium of Coleophoma coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by hypostromatic hysterothecia	Aulographum hederae	a fly speck fungus	Asterinales: Aulographaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Asterinales/Aulographaceae/Aulographum hederae/	Aulographum hederae	a fly speck fungus	hypostromatic		hysterothecia	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead	leaf			(1-7)	hypostromatic hysterothecia is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by effuse colony of Sporidesmium dematiaceous anamorph	Sporidesmium bombacis	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus		Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Sporidesmium bombacis/	Sporidesmium bombacis	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	effuse	colony	Sporidesmium dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead	leaf			(5)	effuse colony of Sporidesmium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by superficial, subiculate pseudothecium	Protoventuria arxii	an ascomycete	Venturiales: Venturiaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Venturiales/Venturiaceae/Protoventuria arxii/	Protoventuria arxii	an ascomycete	superficial, subiculate		pseudothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead	leaf			(5)	superficial, subiculate pseudothecium is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by effuse colony of Henicospora dematiaceous anamorph	Henicospora minor	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus		Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Henicospora minor/	Henicospora minor	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	effuse	colony	Henicospora dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead	leaf			(9-11)	effuse colony of Henicospora dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead)	dead leaf is spotted by amphigenous acervulus of Pestalotiopsis coelomycetous anamorph	Pestalotiopsis guepinii	a camellia leaf-spot	Xylariales: Amphisphaeriaceae	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998 Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Amphisphaeriaceae/Pestalotiopsis guepinii/	Pestalotiopsis guepinii	a camellia leaf-spot	amphigenous	acervulus	Pestalotiopsis coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead	leaf			(10-11)	amphigenous acervulus of Pestalotiopsis coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on dead leaf
leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by acervulus of Seimatosporium coelomycetous anamorph	Seimatosporium arbuti	a coelomycete	Xylariales: Amphisphaeriaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Amphisphaeriaceae/Seimatosporium arbuti/	Seimatosporium arbuti	a coelomycete		acervulus	Seimatosporium coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead	leaf				acervulus of Seimatosporium coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by acervulus of Seimatosporium coelomycetous anamorph	Seimatosporium mariae	a coelomycete	Xylariales: Amphisphaeriaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Amphisphaeriaceae/Seimatosporium mariae/	Seimatosporium mariae	a coelomycete		acervulus	Seimatosporium coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead	leaf				acervulus of Seimatosporium coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (fading)	fading leaf is spotted by epiphyllous, scattered, immersed then erumpent pycnidium of Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph	Phyllosticta saccardoi	a coelomycete	Botryosphaeriales: Phyllostictaceae	Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995 British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Botryosphaeriales/Phyllostictaceae/Phyllosticta saccardoi/	Phyllosticta saccardoi	a coelomycete	epiphyllous, scattered, immersed then erumpent	pycnidium	Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	fading	leaf			(8)	epiphyllous, scattered, immersed then erumpent pycnidium of Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on fading leaf
leaf (fallen, long dead)	fallen, long dead leaf is decayed by thinly scattered, mostly hypophyllous, dimorphic pycnidium of Ceuthospora coelomycetous anamorph	Phacidium falconeri	a discomycete	Helotiales: Phacidiaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Phacidiaceae/Phacidium falconeri/	Phacidium falconeri	a discomycete	thinly scattered, mostly hypophyllous, dimorphic	pycnidium	Ceuthospora coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	fallen, long dead	leaf			(6-10)	thinly scattered, mostly hypophyllous, dimorphic pycnidium of Ceuthospora coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on fallen, long dead leaf
leaf (fallen)	fallen leaf is decayed by perithecium	Melanospora pegleri	a pyrenomycete	Melanosporales: Ceratostomataceae	Melanospora pegleri, a new species from fallen Laurus and other leaves in the British Isles, Hawksworth, D.L., Henrici, A. & Kirk, P.M., 1999	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Melanosporales/Ceratostomataceae/Melanospora pegleri/	Melanospora pegleri	a pyrenomycete			perithecium	Foodplant / saprobe	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	fallen	leaf				perithecium is saprobic on fallen leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is grazed by caterpillar	Orgyia antiqua	Vapourer	Lepidoptera: Erebidae	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Lepidoptera/Erebidae/Orgyia antiqua/	Orgyia antiqua	vapourer			caterpillar	Foodplant / open feeder		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	live	leaf			(-7/8)	caterpillar grazes on live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf has sap sucked by	Graphocephala fennahi	Rhododendron Leafhopper	Hemiptera: Cicadellidae	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Cicadellidae/Graphocephala fennahi/	Graphocephala fennahi	rhododendron leafhopper				Foodplant / sap sucker	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	live	leaf				sucks sap of live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf has sap sucked by	Dialeurodes chittendeni	Rhododendron Whitefly	Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Aleyrodidae/Dialeurodes chittendeni/	Dialeurodes chittendeni	rhododendron whitefly				Foodplant / sap sucker		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	live	leaf			(esp. 6-7)	sucks sap of live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf has sap sucked by hypophyllous	Pulvinaria floccifera	Cushion Scale, Cottony Camellia Scale	Hemiptera: Coccidae	Cottony camellia scale, an increasingly important horticultural pest, Anon., 2009 Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998 Changes in status and distribution of Hydrangea Scale, Pulvinaria hydrangeae (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) in Britain, Salisbury, A. & Malumphy, C., 2017	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Coccidae/Pulvinaria floccifera/	Pulvinaria floccifera	cushion scale, cottony camellia scale	hypophyllous			Foodplant / sap sucker	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	live	leaf		Major		hypophyllous sucks sap of live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is spotted by immersed pseudothecium	Phyllosticta philoprina	an ascomycete	Botryosphaeriales: Phyllostictaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Botryosphaeriales/Phyllostictaceae/Phyllosticta philoprina/	Phyllosticta philoprina	an ascomycete	immersed		pseudothecium	Foodplant / spot causer		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	live	leaf			(2-9)	immersed pseudothecium causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is spotted by pycnidial anamorph	Phyllosticta philoprina	an ascomycete	Botryosphaeriales: Phyllostictaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Botryosphaeriales/Phyllostictaceae/Phyllosticta philoprina/	Phyllosticta philoprina	an ascomycete			pycnidial anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	live	leaf				pycnidial anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is spotted by Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph	Phyllosticta saccardoi	a coelomycete	Botryosphaeriales: Phyllostictaceae	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Botryosphaeriales/Phyllostictaceae/Phyllosticta saccardoi/	Phyllosticta saccardoi	a coelomycete			Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	live	leaf				Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is spotted by amphigenous colony of Pseudocercospora dematiaceous anamorph	Pseudocercospora handelii	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae	Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Pseudocercospora handelii/	Pseudocercospora handelii	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	amphigenous	colony	Pseudocercospora dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	live	leaf				amphigenous colony of Pseudocercospora dematiaceous anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf may be infected and damaged by amphigenous, immersed pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph	Septoria azaleae	a leaf-spot fungus	Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998 Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Septoria azaleae/	Septoria azaleae	a leaf-spot fungus	amphigenous, immersed	pycnidium	Septoria coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / pathogen	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	live	leaf			(3-9)	amphigenous, immersed pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph infects and damages live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is parasitised by mainly hypophyllous conidial anamorph	Erysiphe azaleae	a powdery mildew	Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae	Notes and Records (Jan 2004), Henrici, A., 2004 Microsphaera azaleae, the perfect state of the Rhododendron mildew in England, Ing, B., 2000	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Erysiphales/Erysiphaceae/Erysiphe azaleae/	Erysiphe azaleae	a powdery mildew	mainly hypophyllous		conidial anamorph	Foodplant / parasite	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	live	leaf				mainly hypophyllous conidial anamorph parasitises live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is parasitised by cleistothecium	Erysiphe azaleae	a powdery mildew	Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae	Notes and Records (Jan 2004), Henrici, A., 2004 Microsphaera azaleae, the perfect state of the Rhododendron mildew in England, Ing, B., 2000	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Erysiphales/Erysiphaceae/Erysiphe azaleae/	Erysiphe azaleae	a powdery mildew			cleistothecium	Foodplant / parasite	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	live	leaf				cleistothecium parasitises live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is spotted by concentrically arranged acervulus of Gloeosporium coelomycetous anamorph	Glomerella cingulata	Willow Black Canker - causative organism	Glomerellaceae	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Glomerellaceae/Glomerella cingulata/	Glomerella cingulata	willow black canker (causative organism)	concentrically arranged	acervulus	Gloeosporium coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	live	leaf				concentrically arranged acervulus of Gloeosporium coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is spotted by acervulus of Monochaetia coelomycetous anamorph	Monochaetia karstenii	a coelomycete	Xylariales: Amphisphaeriaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Amphisphaeriaceae/Monochaetia karstenii/	Monochaetia karstenii	a coelomycete		acervulus	Monochaetia coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	live	leaf				acervulus of Monochaetia coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is parasitised by mostly hypophyllous uredium	Chrysomyxa rhododendri	Rhododendron Rust	Pucciniales: Coleosporiaceae	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Coleosporiaceae/Chrysomyxa rhododendri/	Chrysomyxa rhododendri	rhododendron rust	mostly hypophyllous		uredium	Foodplant / parasite	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	live	leaf				mostly hypophyllous uredium parasitises live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is parasitised by mostly hypophyllous telium	Chrysomyxa rhododendri	Rhododendron Rust	Pucciniales: Coleosporiaceae	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Coleosporiaceae/Chrysomyxa rhododendri/	Chrysomyxa rhododendri	rhododendron rust	mostly hypophyllous		telium	Foodplant / parasite	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	live	leaf				mostly hypophyllous telium parasitises live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is galled by fruitbody	Exobasidium japonicum	Azalea Gall	Exobasidiales: Exobasidiaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Exobasidium in the British Isles, Ing, B., 1998 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Ustilaginomycetes/Exobasidiales/Exobasidiaceae/Exobasidium japonicum/	Exobasidium japonicum	azalea gall			fruitbody	Foodplant / gall	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	live	leaf				fruitbody causes gall of live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf may have epiphytic epiphyllous thallus	Cephaleuros	a genus of algal leaf spots	Trentepohliales: Trentepohliaceae	Algal leaf spot - Cephaleuros species, Anon., 2009 The Freshwater Algal Flora of the British Isles, John, D.M., Whitton, B.A. & Brook, A.J., 2002	/Plantae/Chlorophyta/Ulvophyceae/Trentepohliales/Trentepohliaceae/Cephaleuros/	Cephaleuros	a genus of algal leaf spots	epiphyllous		thallus	Plant / epiphyte		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	live	leaf				epiphyllous thallus grows on live leaf
leaf (newly dead)	newly dead leaf is spotted by pycnidial anamorph	Phyllosticta philoprina	an ascomycete	Botryosphaeriales: Phyllostictaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Botryosphaeriales/Phyllostictaceae/Phyllosticta philoprina/	Phyllosticta philoprina	an ascomycete			pycnidial anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	newly dead	leaf				pycnidial anamorph causes spots on newly dead leaf
leaf (newly dead)	newly dead leaf is spotted by immersed pseudothecium	Phyllosticta philoprina	an ascomycete	Botryosphaeriales: Phyllostictaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Botryosphaeriales/Phyllostictaceae/Phyllosticta philoprina/	Phyllosticta philoprina	an ascomycete	immersed		pseudothecium	Foodplant / spot causer		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	newly dead	leaf			(2-9)	immersed pseudothecium causes spots on newly dead leaf
leaf (semicircular or oblong pieces of live)	semicircular or oblong pieces of live leaf is used to build or strengthen the nest by female	Megachile	leaf-cutter and mud bees	Hymenoptera: Megachilidae	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Megachilidae/Megachile/	Megachile	leaf-cutter and mud bees			female	Plant / nest		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	semicircular or oblong pieces of live	leaf				female builds nest using semicircular or oblong pieces of live leaf
log (decayed)	decayed log is decayed by fruitbody	Crepidotus applanatus var applanatus	Flat Oysterling	Agaricales: Inocybaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Inocybaceae/Crepidotus applanatus var. applanatus/	Crepidotus applanatus var. applanatus	flat oysterling			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	decayed	log				fruitbody is saprobic on decayed log
petal (dead, fallen, collapsed, rotting)	dead, fallen, collapsed, rotting petal is decayed by sclerotium	Ovulinia azaleae	Rhododendron Petal Blight - causative organism	Helotiales: Sclerotiniaceae	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Fungal foes in your garden no 58: Petal Blight on Azalea, Fox, R.T.V., 2004	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Sclerotiniaceae/Ovulinia azaleae/	Ovulinia azaleae	rhododendron petal blight (causative organism)			sclerotium	Foodplant / saprobe	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead, fallen, collapsed, rotting	petal			(autumn)	sclerotium is saprobic on dead, fallen, collapsed, rotting petal
petal (live, wilting)	live, wilting petal is spotted by Ovulitis anamorph	Ovulinia azaleae	Rhododendron Petal Blight - causative organism	Helotiales: Sclerotiniaceae	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Fungal foes in your garden no 58: Petal Blight on Azalea, Fox, R.T.V., 2004	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Sclerotiniaceae/Ovulinia azaleae/	Ovulinia azaleae	rhododendron petal blight (causative organism)			Ovulitis anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	live, wilting	petal			(5-9)	Ovulitis anamorph causes spots on live, wilting petal
root (live)	live root is endomycorrhizal host of mycelium	Oidiodendron maius	a dematiaceous hyphomycete	Onygenales: Myxotrichaceae	Physiological and morphological variations in Oidiodendron maius, Rice, A.V. & Currah, R.S., 2001	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Eurotiomycetes/Onygenales/Myxotrichaceae/Oidiodendron maius/	Oidiodendron maius	a dematiaceous hyphomycete		mycelium		Foodplant / mycorrhiza / endomycorrhiza	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	live	root				mycelium is endomycorrhizal with live root
stem (base, esp.)	stem (base, esp.) is galled by	Rhizobium radiobacter	Crown Gall - causative organism	Rhizobiales: Rhizobiaceae	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998	/Proteobacteria/Alphaproteobacteria/Rhizobiales/Rhizobiaceae/Rhizobium radiobacter/	Rhizobium radiobacter	crown gall (causative organism)				Foodplant / gall		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas		stem (base, esp.)				causes gall of stem (base, esp.)
stem	stem may be infected and damaged by basidiome	Chondrostereum purpureum	Silverleaf Fungus, Silver Leaf Disease	Agaricales: Cyphellaceae	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Cyphellaceae/Chondrostereum purpureum/	Chondrostereum purpureum	silverleaf fungus, silver leaf disease			basidiome	Foodplant / pathogen		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas		stem				basidiome infects and damages stem
stump (large) (dead, decayed)	dead, decayed stump (large) is decayed by caespitose fruitbody	Psathyrella piluliformis	Common Stump Brittlestem	Agaricales: Psathyrellaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Psathyrellaceae/Psathyrella piluliformis/	Psathyrella piluliformis	common stump brittlestem	caespitose		fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead, decayed	stump (large)		Rare		caespitose fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed stump (large)
trunk (large) (dead, decayed)	dead, decayed trunk (large) is decayed by caespitose fruitbody	Psathyrella piluliformis	Common Stump Brittlestem	Agaricales: Psathyrellaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Psathyrellaceae/Psathyrella piluliformis/	Psathyrella piluliformis	common stump brittlestem	caespitose		fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead, decayed	trunk (large)		Rare		caespitose fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed trunk (large)
trunk (decayed, fallen)	decayed, fallen trunk is decayed by fruitbody	Crepidotus applanatus var applanatus	Flat Oysterling	Agaricales: Inocybaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Inocybaceae/Crepidotus applanatus var. applanatus/	Crepidotus applanatus var. applanatus	flat oysterling			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	decayed, fallen	trunk				fruitbody is saprobic on decayed, fallen trunk
twig (bark) (attached)	attached twig (bark) is decayed by opening by slit pseudothecium	Lembosina aulographoides	an ascomycete	Asterinales: Asterinaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Asterinales/Asterinaceae/Lembosina aulographoides/	Lembosina aulographoides	an ascomycete	opening by slit		pseudothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	attached	twig (bark)			(2-6)	opening by slit pseudothecium is saprobic on attached twig (bark)
twig	twig may be infected and damaged by coremium of Pycnostysanus dematiacous anamorph	Seifertia azaleae	Rhododendron Bud Blast and Twig Blight - causative organism		Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Seifertia azaleae/	Seifertia azaleae	rhododendron bud blast and twig blight (causative organism)		coremium	Pycnostysanus dematiacous anamorph	Foodplant / pathogen	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas		twig		Sole		coremium of Pycnostysanus dematiacous anamorph infects and damages twig
twig (cankered)	cankered twig is swollen by mycelium	Phytophthora alni	Sudden Oak Death - causative organism, SOD, Phytophthora Disease Of Alder	Peronosporales: Peronosporaceae	Phytophthora ramorum: one pathogen and many diseases, an emerging threat to forest ecosystems and ornamental plant life, Appiah, A., Jennings, P., & Turner, J.A., 2004 First report of Ramorum dieback (Phytophthora ramorum) on Hamamelis virginiana in the UK, Giltrap, P.M. et al, 2004	/Chromista/Oomycota/Peronosporea/Peronosporales/Peronosporaceae/Phytophthora alni/	Phytophthora alni	sudden oak death (causative organism), SOD, phytophthora disease of alder			mycelium	Foodplant / false gall	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	cankered	twig		Major		mycelium causes swelling of cankered twig
twig (dead, often grey or purple stained)	dead, often grey or purple stained twig is decayed by effuse colony of Triposporium dematiaceous anamorph	Triposporium elegans	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	Asterinales: Asterinaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Asterinales/Asterinaceae/Triposporium elegans/	Triposporium elegans	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	effuse	colony	Triposporium dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead, often grey or purple stained	twig			(1-12)	effuse colony of Triposporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead, often grey or purple stained twig
twig (dead)	dead twig is decayed by hysterothecium	Gloniopsis praelonga	an ascomycete	Hysteriales: Hysteriaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Hysteriales/Hysteriaceae/Gloniopsis praelonga/	Gloniopsis praelonga	an ascomycete			hysterothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead	twig			(1-12)	hysterothecium is saprobic on dead twig
twig (dead)	dead twig is decayed by superficial, subiculate pseudothecium	Protoventuria arxii	an ascomycete	Venturiales: Venturiaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Venturiales/Venturiaceae/Protoventuria arxii/	Protoventuria arxii	an ascomycete	superficial, subiculate		pseudothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead	twig			(5)	superficial, subiculate pseudothecium is saprobic on dead twig
twig (dead)	dead twig is decayed by effuse colony of Belemnospora dematiaceous anamorph	Belemnospora verruculosa	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus		Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Belemnospora verruculosa/	Belemnospora verruculosa	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	effuse	colony	Belemnospora dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead	twig				effuse colony of Belemnospora dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead twig
twig (fallen, dead)	fallen, dead twig is decayed by effuse colony of Helminthosporium dematiaceous anamorph	Helminthosporium velutinum	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	Pleosporales: Massarinaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Massarinaceae/Helminthosporium velutinum/	Helminthosporium velutinum	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	effuse	colony	Helminthosporium dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	fallen, dead	twig				effuse colony of Helminthosporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on fallen, dead twig
wood	wood is decayed by perithecium	Diaporthe eres	a pyrenomycete	Diaporthales: Diaporthaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Diaporthaceae/Diaporthe eres/	Diaporthe eres	a pyrenomycete			perithecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas		wood				perithecium is saprobic on wood
wood	wood is decayed by effuse colony of Mariannaea anamorph	Mariannaea elegans	an anamorphic fungus	Hypocreales: Nectriaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Mariannaea elegans/	Mariannaea elegans	an anamorphic fungus	effuse	colony	Mariannaea anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas		wood				effuse colony of Mariannaea anamorph is saprobic on wood
wood	wood is decayed by effuse colony of Veronaea dematiaceous anamorph	Veronaea botryosa	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus		Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Veronaea botryosa/	Veronaea botryosa	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	effuse	colony	Veronaea dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas		wood				effuse colony of Veronaea dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on wood
wood (dead, decayed)	dead, decayed wood is decayed by caespitose fruitbody	Psathyrella piluliformis	Common Stump Brittlestem	Agaricales: Psathyrellaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Psathyrellaceae/Psathyrella piluliformis/	Psathyrella piluliformis	common stump brittlestem	caespitose		fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead, decayed	wood		Rare		caespitose fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, decayed)	dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody	Scytinostroma ochroleucum	a resupinate fungus	Russulales: Lachnocladiaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Lachnocladiaceae/Scytinostroma ochroleucum/	Scytinostroma ochroleucum	a resupinate fungus			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead, decayed	wood		Rare		fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead, rotten)	dead, rotten wood is decayed by effuse colony of Brachysporium dematiaceous anamorph	Brachysporium dingleyae	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	Trichosphaeriales: Trichosphaeriaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Trichosphaeriales/Trichosphaeriaceae/Brachysporium dingleyae/	Brachysporium dingleyae	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	effuse	colony	Brachysporium dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead, rotten	wood			(4-9)	effuse colony of Brachysporium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead, rotten wood
wood (dead)	dead wood is foodplant of	Rhopalomesites tardii	Holly Weevil	Coleoptera: Curculionidae	True Weevils (Part I): Family Curculionidae, subfamilies Raymondionyminae to Smicronychinae, Morris, M.G., 2002	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Rhopalomesites tardii/	Rhopalomesites tardii	holly weevil				Foodplant / feeds on	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead	wood				feeds on dead wood
wood (dead)	dead wood is decayed by sessile apothecium	Mollisia cinerea	Common Grey Disco	Helotiales: Dermateaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Mollisia cinerea/	Mollisia cinerea	common grey disco	sessile		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead	wood			(1-12)	sessile apothecium is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead)	dead wood is decayed by apothecium	Hyaloscypha leuconica	a discomycete	Helotiales: Hyaloscyphaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Hyaloscyphaceae/Hyaloscypha leuconica/	Hyaloscypha leuconica	a discomycete			apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead	wood		Minor	(1-12)	apothecium is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead)	dead wood is decayed by synnema of Graphium dematiacous anamorph	Dendrostilbella smaragdina	a discomycete	Helotiales: Tympanidaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Tympanidaceae/Dendrostilbella smaragdina/	Dendrostilbella smaragdina	a discomycete		synnema	Graphium dematiacous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead	wood			(3-8)	synnema of Graphium dematiacous anamorph is saprobic on dead wood
wood (dead)	dead wood is decayed by effuse colony of Acladium anamorph	Botryobasidium conspersum	a resupinate fungus	Cantharellales: Botryobasidiaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Cantharellales/Botryobasidiaceae/Botryobasidium conspersum/	Botryobasidium conspersum	a resupinate fungus	effuse	colony	Acladium anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	dead	wood				effuse colony of Acladium anamorph is saprobic on dead wood
wood (decayed)	decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody	Crepidotus applanatus var applanatus	Flat Oysterling	Agaricales: Inocybaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Inocybaceae/Crepidotus applanatus var. applanatus/	Crepidotus applanatus var. applanatus	flat oysterling			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	decayed	wood				fruitbody is saprobic on decayed wood
wood (decayed)	decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody	Calocera pallidospathulata	Pale Stagshorn	Dacrymycetales: Dacrymycetaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Dacrymycetales/Dacrymycetaceae/Calocera pallidospathulata/	Calocera pallidospathulata	pale stagshorn			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	decayed	wood			(1-12)	fruitbody is saprobic on decayed wood
wood (rotten)	rotten wood is decayed by solitary or in small groups, erumpent bcoming more or less superficial ascocarp	Capronia pleiospora	an ascomycete	Chaetothyriales: Herpotrichiellaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Eurotiomycetes/Chaetothyriales/Herpotrichiellaceae/Capronia pleiospora/	Capronia pleiospora	an ascomycete	solitary or in small groups, erumpent bcoming more or less superficial		ascocarp	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	rotten	wood				solitary or in small groups, erumpent bcoming more or less superficial ascocarp is saprobic on rotten wood
wood (rotten)	rotten wood is decayed by effuse colony of Alysidium anamorph	Botryobasidium candicans	a resupinate fungus	Cantharellales: Botryobasidiaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Cantharellales/Botryobasidiaceae/Botryobasidium candicans/	Botryobasidium candicans	a resupinate fungus	effuse	colony	Alysidium anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Rhododendron/	Rhododendron	rhododendrons and azaleas	rotten	wood			(1-12)	effuse colony of Alysidium anamorph is saprobic on rotten wood

Subtaxon	Rank	Featured subtaxa	No of interactions	No of references
Rhododendron arboreum Tree Rhododendron	Species		2 trophisms
Rhododendron armitti a house plant	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron aurigeranum a house plant	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron brachyanthum a cultivated rhododendron	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron brookeanum a house plant	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron burtii a house plant	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron campanulatum a rhododendron	Species		2 trophisms
Rhododendron campylocarpum a cultivated rhododendron	Species		3 trophisms
Rhododendron catawbiense a cultivated rhododendron	Species		2 trophisms	1 references
Rhododendron caucasicum a cultivated rhododendron	Species		2 trophisms
Rhododendron championae a house plant	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron christi a house plant	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron christianae a house plant	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron cinnabarinum a cultivated rhododendron	Species	1 subtaxa	5 trophisms
Rhododendron crutwellii a house plant	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron dichroanthum a cultivated rhododendron	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron dielsianum a house plant	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron falconeri a cultivated rhododendron	Species		2 trophisms
Rhododendron ferrugineum Alpenrose	Species		2 trophisms
Rhododendron forrestii a cultivated rhododendron	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron fortunei a cultivated rhododendron	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron griffithianum a cultivated rhododendron	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron hippophaëoides x racemosum a cultivated rhododendron	Species hybrid		2 trophisms
Rhododendron hirsutum a cultivated rhododendron	Species		3 trophisms
Rhododendron inconspicuum a house plant	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron indicum Pot Azalea	Species		3 trophisms
Rhododendron intranervatum a house plant	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron japonicum a cultivated rhododendron	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron javanicum a house plant	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron keleticum a rhododendron	Species		2 trophisms
Rhododendron laetum a house plant	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron lanceolatum a house plant	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron leptanthum a house plant	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron lochae a house plant	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron luteosquamatum a house plant	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron luteum Yellow Azalea	Species		4 trophisms
Rhododendron macgregoriae a house plant	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron macrophyllum Californian Rosebay	Species			1 references
Rhododendron maxwellii a house plant	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron mucronatum an evergreen azalea	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron nervulosum a house plant	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron occidentale a cultivated rhododendron	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron orbiculatum a house plant	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron pneumonanthum a house plant	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron ponticum Rhododendron	Species		38 trophisms	3 references
Rhododendron retivenium a house plant	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron rhodoleucum a house plant	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron rugosum a house plant	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron santapauli a house plant	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron searlianum a house plant	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron sessilifolium a house plant	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron simsii Glasshouse Azalea	Species		4 trophisms
Rhododendron stenophyllum a house plant	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron thomsonii a cultivated rhododendron	Species		3 trophisms
Rhododendron veitchianum a house plant	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron verticillatum a house plant	Species		1 trophisms
Rhododendron x hybridum a cultivated rhododendron	Species hybrid		1 trophisms
Rhododendron x laetivirens a group of cultivated rhododendron hybrids	Species hybrid		1 trophisms
Rhododendron zoelleri a house plant	Species		1 trophisms
[Rhododendron (Azalea cultivars)] horticultural azaleas	Informal		9 trophisms

Genus	Rhododendron (rhododendrons and azaleas)
Family	ERICACEAE (heaths, heathers, rhododendrons, azaleas & wintergeeens)
Order	ERICALES (heaths, heathers, azaleas, primroses, loosestrifes and balsams)
Subclass	EU-DICOTS (dicotyledonous flowering plants)
Class	MAGNOLIOPSIDA (flowering plants)
Phylum	TRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
Kingdom	PLANTAE (plants)
Domain	Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Life	BIOTA (living things)

Rhododendron L.
(rhododendrons and azaleas)

Interactions where Rhododendron is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

Taxonomic hierarchy:

Rhododendron is also a member of:

General Works

BioInfo - Wildlife Information (UK)

Author & Year	Title	Source
RHS	RHS Gardening For All	www.rhs.org.uk/index.asp
Anon., 2008	Phytophthora diseases of trees	Plant Clinic News May 08: 1.
Anon., 2009	Cottony camellia scale, an increasingly important horticultural pest	Plant Clinic News June 09: 1.
Anon., 2009	Algal leaf spot - Cephaleuros species	Plant Clinic News June 09: 2.
Appiah, A., Jennings, P., & Turner, J.A., 2004	Phytophthora ramorum: one pathogen and many diseases, an emerging threat to forest ecosystems and ornamental plant life	Mycologist Vol 18 (4): 145-150.
Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants	Collins Photoguide, 2nd edition edition, Collins
Dennis, R.W.G., 1995	Fungi of the South East England	383pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook	2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Fox, R.T.V., 2004	Fungal foes in your garden no 58: Petal Blight on Azalea	Mycologist Vol 18 (4): 175-6.
Giltrap, P.M. et al, 2004	First report of Ramorum dieback (Phytophthora ramorum) on Hamamelis virginiana in the UK	New Disease Reports Vol 9.
Grove, W.B., 1935	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia	Vol I, 488pp, Cambridge University Press
Hawksworth, D.L., Henrici, A. & Kirk, P.M., 1999	Melanospora pegleri, a new species from fallen Laurus and other leaves in the British Isles	Kew Bulletin Vol 54 (3): 795-799.
Henrici, A., 2004	Notes and Records (Jan 2004)	Field Mycology Vol 5 (1): 28-30,33.
Ing, B., 1998	Exobasidium in the British Isles	Mycologist Vol 12 (2): 80-82.
Ing, B., 2000	Microsphaera azaleae, the perfect state of the Rhododendron mildew in England	Mycologist Vol 14 (4): 165.
John, D.M., Whitton, B.A. & Brook, A.J., 2002	The Freshwater Algal Flora of the British Isles	702pp, Cambridge University Press
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota	517pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
MacLeod, A., 2006	CSL Pest Risk Analysis for Stephanitis takeyai	PRAs for consultation on pest risk management PRAs for consultation on pest risk management.
Moore, W.C., 1959	British Parasitic Fungi	430pp, Cambridge University Press
Morris, M.G., 2002	True Weevils (Part I): Family Curculionidae, subfamilies Raymondionyminae to Smicronychinae	Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects, Vol 5, Part 17b, 149pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Rice, A.V. & Currah, R.S., 2001	Physiological and morphological variations in Oidiodendron maius	Mycotaxon 79: 383-396.
Salisbury, A. & Malumphy, C., 2017	Changes in status and distribution of Hydrangea Scale, Pulvinaria hydrangeae (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) in Britain	Br. J. Ent. Nat. Hist. Vol 30: 145-153.
Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles	Wayside & Woodland Series, 1959 edition, 436pp, Frederick Warne & Co. Ltd.