Phytomyza hellebori Kaltenbach, 1874
(Hellebore Leaf-miner)

Interactions where Phytomyza hellebori is the dominant partner and gains from the process

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Stage Summary Taxon Vernacular Classification References Darwin Classification of Active Taxon Active Taxon Active Vernacular Active Taxon Uncertain Active State Active Part Active Stage Relationship Relationship Uncertain Relationship Geography Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon Passive Taxon Passive Vernacular Passive Taxon Uncertain Passive State Passive Part Passive Stage Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon Indoors etc Season
larva larva mines dark green over-wintering leaf UK/IrelandMajor Helleborus foetidus Stinking Hellebore Ranunculales: Ranunculaceae Agromyzidae Newsletter No 2, July 2017, Anon, 2017
The hellebore leaf-miner Phytomyza hellebori Kaltenbach (Diptera, Agromyzidae) new to Britain, Stubbs, A.E., 2000
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Phytomyza hellebori/Phytomyza helleborihellebore leaf-minerlarva Foodplant / minerUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ranunculales/Ranunculaceae/Helleborus foetidus/Helleborus foetidusstinking helleboredark green over-winteringleafMajor (winter)
larva larva mines dark green over-wintering leaf UK/Ireland Helleborus tibetanus a hellebore Ranunculales: Ranunculaceae Agromyzidae Newsletter No 2, July 2017, Anon, 2017
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Phytomyza hellebori/Phytomyza helleborihellebore leaf-minerlarva Foodplant / minerUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ranunculales/Ranunculaceae/Helleborus tibetanus/Helleborus tibetanusa helleboredark green over-winteringleaf (winter)

Author & YearTitleSource
Anon, 2017Agromyzidae Newsletter No 2, July 2017Agromyzidae Recording Scheme Newsletter.
Stubbs, A.E., 2000The hellebore leaf-miner Phytomyza hellebori Kaltenbach (Diptera, Agromyzidae) new to BritainDiperists Digest, 2000 Vol. 7 No. 1 Dipterists Digest 7: 33-35.

Phytomyza hellebori (Hellebore Leaf-miner) may also be included in 'feeds on' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Phytomyza hellebori (Hellebore Leaf-miner) may be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Taxonomic hierarchy:
SpeciesPhytomyza hellebori (Hellebore Leaf-miner)
GenusPhytomyza (a genus of leaf-mining flies)
FamilyAGROMYZIDAE (leaf-mining flies)
SuperfamilyOPOMYZOIDEA (a superfamily of acalypterate flies)
InfraorderSchizophora - Acalyptratae (an infraorder of flies)
OrderDIPTERA (two-winged flies)
Division Endopterygota (bees, beetles, flies, moths and other insects with wings developing internally)
InfraclassNeoptera (bees, beetles, flies, grasshoppers, moths and other advanced insects)
SubclassPTERYGOTA (bees, beetles, dragonflies, flies, grasshoppers, moths and other winged insects)
ClassINSECTA (true insects)
SubphylumHEXAPODA (insects and other 6-legged organisms)
PhylumARTHROPODA (arthropods)
SuperphylumECDYSOZOA (skin shedders)
CladeBilateria (bilaterally symmetrical animals)
SubkingdomEUMETAZOA (metazoans)
KingdomANIMALIA (animals)
DomainEukaryota (eukaryotes)
LifeBIOTA (living things)
NBNNBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Phytomyza hellebori (Hellebore Leaf-miner)

Identification Works

Handling & MagnificationAuthorYearTitleSource
Anon 2017 Agromyzidae Newsletter No 2, July 2017 Agromyzidae Recording Scheme Newsletter.
Stubbs, A.E. 2000 The hellebore leaf-miner Phytomyza hellebori Kaltenbach (Diptera, Agromyzidae) new to Britain Diperists Digest, 2000 Vol. 7 No. 1 Dipterists Digest 7: 33-35.

Phytomyza hellebori (Hellebore Leaf-miner) may also be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Phytomyza hellebori (Hellebore Leaf-miner):

BioImagesBioImages (www.bioimages.org.uk) has 13 images of Phytomyza hellebori (Hellebore Leaf-miner)

A leaf-miner feeding on Helleborus foetidus. The mines are most often seen on the over-wintering leaves when they are serpentine, ending in a bulbous chamber containing the puparium. This species was first found in Britain in 1999, and it is uncertain whether it is an overlooked native or a recent introduction. It has been found both in gardens and more natural sites and may be widespread.

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