Secale cereale (rye)

Interactions where Secale cereale is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Filters:

Affected Part	Summary	Taxon	Vernacular	Classification	References	Darwin Classification of Active Taxon	Active Taxon	Active Vernacular	Active State	Active Part	Active Stage	Relationship	Relationship Geography	Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon	Passive Taxon	Passive Vernacular	Passive Taxon Uncertain	Passive State	Passive Part	Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon	Season	Summary
	is foodplant of larva	Zabrus tenebrioides	a ground beetle	Coleoptera: Carabidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Carabidae/Zabrus tenebrioides/	Zabrus tenebrioides	a ground beetle			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye						larva feeds on
	is foodplant of larva	Prionychus ater	a darkling beetle	Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Tenebrionidae/Prionychus ater/	Prionychus ater	a darkling beetle			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye	?					larva feeds on
	is foodplant of pycnidium of Ascochyta coelomycetous anamorph	Ascochyta hordei var europaea	a coelomycete	Pleosporales	Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Ascochyta hordei var. europaea/	Ascochyta hordei var. europaea	a coelomycete		pycnidium	Ascochyta coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / feeds on	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye						pycnidium of Ascochyta coelomycetous anamorph feeds on
	may be infected and damaged by	Oculimacula acuformis	an anamorphic ascomycete	Helotiales	Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol 1, Braun, U., 1995	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Oculimacula acuformis/	Oculimacula acuformis	an anamorphic ascomycete				Foodplant / pathogen		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye						infects and damages
(live)	live is parasitised by	Blumeria graminis	Grass Mildew, Grass and Cereal Powdery Mildew	Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 An Introduction to British Powdery Mildews, Ing, B., 1990	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Erysiphales/Erysiphaceae/Blumeria graminis/	Blumeria graminis	grass mildew, grass and cereal powdery mildew				Foodplant / parasite	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye		live				parasitises live
culm (live)	live culm is parasitised by linear, embedded sorus	Urocystis occulta	Stripe Smut Of Rye	Urocystidales: Urocystidaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Ustilaginomycetes/Urocystidales/Urocystidaceae/Urocystis occulta/	Urocystis occulta	stripe smut of rye	linear, embedded		sorus	Foodplant / parasite		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye		live	culm		(6)	linear, embedded sorus parasitises live culm
inflorescence	inflorescence is parasitised by Sphacelia anamorph	Claviceps purpurea	Ergot	Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Clavicipitaceae/Claviceps purpurea/	Claviceps purpurea	ergot			Sphacelia anamorph	Foodplant / parasite		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye			inflorescence		(7)	Sphacelia anamorph parasitises inflorescence
inflorescence	inflorescence may be infected and damaged by sclerotium	Claviceps purpurea	Ergot	Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Clavicipitaceae/Claviceps purpurea/	Claviceps purpurea	ergot			sclerotium	Foodplant / pathogen		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye			inflorescence		(9-11)	sclerotium infects and damages inflorescence
inflorescence (live)	live inflorescence is spotted by linear, long covered by epidermis telium	Puccinia striiformis var striiformis	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia striiformis var. striiformis/	Puccinia striiformis var. striiformis	a rust fungus	linear, long covered by epidermis		telium	Foodplant / spot causer		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye		live	inflorescence			linear, long covered by epidermis telium causes spots on live inflorescence
inflorescence (live)	live inflorescence is parasitised by sorus	Urocystis occulta	Stripe Smut Of Rye	Urocystidales: Urocystidaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Ustilaginomycetes/Urocystidales/Urocystidaceae/Urocystis occulta/	Urocystis occulta	stripe smut of rye			sorus	Foodplant / parasite		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye		live	inflorescence		(6)	sorus parasitises live inflorescence
leaf-mine	leaf-mine may house puparium	Chromatomyia nigra	a leaf-mining fly	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Chromatomyia nigra/	Chromatomyia nigra	a leaf-mining fly			puparium	Plant / resting place / within		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye			leaf-mine			puparium may be found in leaf-mine
leaf	leaf is foodplant of hidden under carried excrement larva	Oulema duftschmidi/melanopus	cereal leaf beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Oulema duftschmidi/melanopus/	Oulema duftschmidi/melanopus	cereal leaf beetle	hidden under carried excrement		larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye			leaf			hidden under carried excrement larva feeds on leaf
leaf	leaf is foodplant of adult	Oulema duftschmidi/melanopus	cereal leaf beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Oulema duftschmidi/melanopus/	Oulema duftschmidi/melanopus	cereal leaf beetle			adult	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye			leaf		(1-12)	adult feeds on leaf
leaf	leaf is mined by larva	Agromyza ambigua	a leaf-mining fly	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Agromyza ambigua/	Agromyza ambigua	a leaf-mining fly			larva	Foodplant / miner		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye			leaf	Major		larva mines leaf
leaf	leaf is mined by larva	Agromyza intermittens	a leaf-mining fly	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Agromyza intermittens/	Agromyza intermittens	a leaf-mining fly			larva	Foodplant / miner		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye			leaf	Major		larva mines leaf
leaf	leaf is mined by larva	Agromyza nigrella	a leaf-mining fly	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Agromyza nigrella/	Agromyza nigrella	a leaf-mining fly			larva	Foodplant / miner		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye			leaf			larva mines leaf
leaf	leaf is mined by larva	Agromyza nigrociliata	a leaf-mining fly	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Agromyza nigrociliata/	Agromyza nigrociliata	a leaf-mining fly			larva	Foodplant / miner		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye			leaf	Major		larva mines leaf
leaf	leaf is mined by solitary larva	Agromyza rondensis	a leaf-mining fly	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Agromyza rondensis/	Agromyza rondensis	a leaf-mining fly	solitary		larva	Foodplant / miner		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye			leaf			solitary larva mines leaf
leaf	leaf is mined by larva	Chromatomyia nigra	a leaf-mining fly	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Chromatomyia nigra/	Chromatomyia nigra	a leaf-mining fly			larva	Foodplant / miner		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye			leaf			larva mines leaf
leaf	leaf may contain larva	Pseudonapomyza atra	a leaf-mining fly	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Pseudonapomyza atra/	Pseudonapomyza atra	a leaf-mining fly			larva	Foodplant / internal feeder		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye			leaf	Major		larva feeds within leaf
leaf	leaf is spotted by immersed, crowded or in rows pycnidium of Pseudoseptoria coelomycetous anamorph	Pseudoseptoria donacis	a coelomycete	Dothideales: Saccotheciaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Dothideales/Saccotheciaceae/Pseudoseptoria donacis/	Pseudoseptoria donacis	a coelomycete	immersed, crowded or in rows	pycnidium	Pseudoseptoria coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye			leaf		(5-7)	immersed, crowded or in rows pycnidium of Pseudoseptoria coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf may be infected and damaged by immersed stroma of Pseudocercosporella dematiaceous anamorph	Oculimacula yallundae	Foot-rot, Strawbreaker, Eyespot and Lodging Diseases (Causative Organsim), Wheat Eyespot	Helotiales	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Oculimacula yallundae/	Oculimacula yallundae	foot-rot, strawbreaker, eyespot and lodging diseases (causative organsim), wheat eyespot	immersed	stroma	Pseudocercosporella dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / pathogen		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye		live	leaf			immersed stroma of Pseudocercosporella dematiaceous anamorph infects and damages live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is spotted by immersed, thin, subcuticular stromatic plates of Rhynchosporium coelomycetous anamorph	Rhynchosporium agropyri	Leaf Blotch or Scald Of Grasses - causative organism, Couch Scald	Helotiales	Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol 1, Braun, U., 1995 Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Rhynchosporium agropyri/	Rhynchosporium agropyri	leaf blotch or scald of grasses - causative organism, couch scald	immersed, thin, subcuticular	stromatic plates	Rhynchosporium coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye		live	leaf		(4-9)	immersed, thin, subcuticular stromatic plates of Rhynchosporium coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is parasitised by amphigenous uredium	Puccinia graminis ssp graminis f.sp. secalis	a black stem rust	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Physiologic specialization of Puccinia graminis Pers. in south-east Scotland., Batts, C.C.V., 1951 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia graminis ssp. graminis f.sp. secalis/	Puccinia graminis ssp. graminis f.sp. secalis	a black stem rust	amphigenous		uredium	Foodplant / parasite	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye		live	leaf			amphigenous uredium parasitises live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is parasitised by mostly epiphyllous, scattered uredium	Puccinia recondita	Brown Rust, Brown Rust Of Wheat	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia recondita/	Puccinia recondita	brown rust, brown rust of wheat	mostly epiphyllous, scattered		uredium	Foodplant / parasite		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye		live	leaf			mostly epiphyllous, scattered uredium parasitises live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is parasitised by hypophyllous, subepidermal telium	Puccinia recondita	Brown Rust, Brown Rust Of Wheat	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia recondita/	Puccinia recondita	brown rust, brown rust of wheat	hypophyllous, subepidermal		telium	Foodplant / parasite		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye		live	leaf			hypophyllous, subepidermal telium parasitises live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is spotted by linear, mainly epiphyllous uredium	Puccinia striiformis var striiformis	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia striiformis var. striiformis/	Puccinia striiformis var. striiformis	a rust fungus	linear, mainly epiphyllous		uredium	Foodplant / spot causer		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye		live	leaf			linear, mainly epiphyllous uredium causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is spotted by linear, long covered by epidermis telium	Puccinia striiformis var striiformis	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia striiformis var. striiformis/	Puccinia striiformis var. striiformis	a rust fungus	linear, long covered by epidermis		telium	Foodplant / spot causer		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye		live	leaf			linear, long covered by epidermis telium causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is parasitised by linear, embedded sorus	Urocystis occulta	Stripe Smut Of Rye	Urocystidales: Urocystidaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Ustilaginomycetes/Urocystidales/Urocystidaceae/Urocystis occulta/	Urocystis occulta	stripe smut of rye	linear, embedded		sorus	Foodplant / parasite		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye		live	leaf		(6)	linear, embedded sorus parasitises live leaf
ovary	ovary may be infected and damaged by embedded sorus	Tilletia caries	Bunt Of Wheat, Stinking Smut	Tilletiales: Tilletiaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Ustilaginomycetes/Tilletiales/Tilletiaceae/Tilletia caries/	Tilletia caries	bunt of wheat, stinking smut	embedded	sorus		Foodplant / pathogen	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye			ovary			embedded sorus infects and damages ovary
seed head	seed head may be infected and damaged by sporodochium of conidial Fusarium anamorph	Gibberella gordonii	a pyrenomycete	Hypocreales: Nectriaceae	Fusarium heterosporum, Booth, C., 1998	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Gibberella gordonii/	Gibberella gordonii	a pyrenomycete		sporodochium	conidial Fusarium anamorph	Foodplant / pathogen		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye			seed head			sporodochium of conidial Fusarium anamorph infects and damages seed head
seed (fallen, over-wintered, mummified)	fallen, over-wintered, mummified seed may be infected and damaged by long stalked apothecium	Gloeotinia granigena	Blind Seed Of Rye Grass - causative organism	Helotiales	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Gloeotinia granigena, Williams, M.A.J. & Spooner, B.M., 1991	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Gloeotinia granigena/	Gloeotinia granigena	blind seed of rye grass - causative organism	long stalked		apothecium	Foodplant / pathogen		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye		fallen, over-wintered, mummified	seed	Minor	(5-7)	long stalked apothecium infects and damages fallen, over-wintered, mummified seed
sheath	sheath is spotted by immersed, crowded or in rows pycnidium of Pseudoseptoria coelomycetous anamorph	Pseudoseptoria donacis	a coelomycete	Dothideales: Saccotheciaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Dothideales/Saccotheciaceae/Pseudoseptoria donacis/	Pseudoseptoria donacis	a coelomycete	immersed, crowded or in rows	pycnidium	Pseudoseptoria coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye			sheath		(5-7)	immersed, crowded or in rows pycnidium of Pseudoseptoria coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on sheath
sheath (dead)	dead sheath is decayed by scattered or in small groups, immersed pseudothecium	Pyrenophora tritici-repentis	an ascomycete	Pleosporales: Pleosporaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Pleosporaceae/Pyrenophora tritici-repentis/	Pyrenophora tritici-repentis	an ascomycete	scattered or in small groups, immersed		pseudothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye		dead	sheath			scattered or in small groups, immersed pseudothecium is saprobic on dead sheath
sheath (live)	live sheath may be infected and damaged by immersed stroma of Pseudocercosporella dematiaceous anamorph	Oculimacula yallundae	Foot-rot, Strawbreaker, Eyespot and Lodging Diseases (Causative Organsim), Wheat Eyespot	Helotiales	Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol 1, Braun, U., 1995 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Oculimacula yallundae/	Oculimacula yallundae	foot-rot, strawbreaker, eyespot and lodging diseases (causative organsim), wheat eyespot	immersed	stroma	Pseudocercosporella dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / pathogen		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye		live	sheath			immersed stroma of Pseudocercosporella dematiaceous anamorph infects and damages live sheath
sheath (live)	live sheath is spotted by immersed, thin, subcuticular stromatic plates of Rhynchosporium coelomycetous anamorph	Rhynchosporium agropyri	Leaf Blotch or Scald Of Grasses - causative organism, Couch Scald	Helotiales	Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol 1, Braun, U., 1995 Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Rhynchosporium agropyri/	Rhynchosporium agropyri	leaf blotch or scald of grasses - causative organism, couch scald	immersed, thin, subcuticular	stromatic plates	Rhynchosporium coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye		live	sheath		(4-9)	immersed, thin, subcuticular stromatic plates of Rhynchosporium coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on live sheath
sheath (live)	live sheath is parasitised by linear telium	Puccinia graminis ssp graminis f.sp. secalis	a black stem rust	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Physiologic specialization of Puccinia graminis Pers. in south-east Scotland., Batts, C.C.V., 1951 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia graminis ssp. graminis f.sp. secalis/	Puccinia graminis ssp. graminis f.sp. secalis	a black stem rust	linear		telium	Foodplant / parasite	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye		live	sheath			linear telium parasitises live sheath
sheath (live)	live sheath is parasitised by uredium	Puccinia graminis ssp graminis f.sp. secalis	a black stem rust	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Physiologic specialization of Puccinia graminis Pers. in south-east Scotland., Batts, C.C.V., 1951 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia graminis ssp. graminis f.sp. secalis/	Puccinia graminis ssp. graminis f.sp. secalis	a black stem rust			uredium	Foodplant / parasite	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye		live	sheath			uredium parasitises live sheath
stem	stem may contain larva	Cephus pygmeus	Wheat Stem Borer	Hymenoptera: Cephidae	Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (a), Benson, R.B., 1951	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Cephidae/Cephus pygmeus/	Cephus pygmeus	wheat stem borer			larva	Foodplant / internal feeder		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye			stem	Major		larva feeds within stem
stem	stem may contain larva	Trachelus tabidus	Black Grain Stem Sawfly, Black Wheat Stem-sawfly	Hymenoptera: Cephidae	Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (a), Benson, R.B., 1951	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Cephidae/Trachelus tabidus/	Trachelus tabidus	black grain stem sawfly, black wheat stem-sawfly			larva	Foodplant / internal feeder		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye			stem	Major		larva feeds within stem
stem	stem may contain larva	Trachelus troglodytus	Hermit Stem-sawfly	Hymenoptera: Cephidae	Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (a), Benson, R.B., 1951	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Cephidae/Trachelus troglodytus/	Trachelus troglodytus	hermit stem-sawfly			larva	Foodplant / internal feeder	Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye			stem	Major		larva feeds within stem
stem (dead)	dead stem is decayed by scattered, initially immersed pseudothecium	Phaeosphaeria graminis	an ascomycete	Pleosporales: Phaeosphaeriaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Phaeosphaeriaceae/Phaeosphaeria graminis/	Phaeosphaeria graminis	an ascomycete	scattered, initially immersed		pseudothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye		dead	stem	Minor	(spring, summer)	scattered, initially immersed pseudothecium is saprobic on dead stem
stem (dead)	dead stem is decayed by scattered or in small groups, immersed pseudothecium	Pyrenophora tritici-repentis	an ascomycete	Pleosporales: Pleosporaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Pleosporaceae/Pyrenophora tritici-repentis/	Pyrenophora tritici-repentis	an ascomycete	scattered or in small groups, immersed		pseudothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye		dead	stem			scattered or in small groups, immersed pseudothecium is saprobic on dead stem
stem (live)	live stem may be infected and damaged by immersed stroma of Pseudocercosporella dematiaceous anamorph	Oculimacula yallundae	Foot-rot, Strawbreaker, Eyespot and Lodging Diseases (Causative Organsim), Wheat Eyespot	Helotiales	Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol 1, Braun, U., 1995 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Oculimacula yallundae/	Oculimacula yallundae	foot-rot, strawbreaker, eyespot and lodging diseases (causative organsim), wheat eyespot	immersed	stroma	Pseudocercosporella dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / pathogen		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye		live	stem			immersed stroma of Pseudocercosporella dematiaceous anamorph infects and damages live stem
stem (live)	live stem is parasitised by linear telium	Puccinia graminis ssp graminis f.sp. secalis	a black stem rust	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Physiologic specialization of Puccinia graminis Pers. in south-east Scotland., Batts, C.C.V., 1951 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia graminis ssp. graminis f.sp. secalis/	Puccinia graminis ssp. graminis f.sp. secalis	a black stem rust	linear		telium	Foodplant / parasite	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye		live	stem			linear telium parasitises live stem
stem (live)	live stem is parasitised by uredium	Puccinia graminis ssp graminis f.sp. secalis	a black stem rust	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Physiologic specialization of Puccinia graminis Pers. in south-east Scotland., Batts, C.C.V., 1951 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia graminis ssp. graminis f.sp. secalis/	Puccinia graminis ssp. graminis f.sp. secalis	a black stem rust			uredium	Foodplant / parasite	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye		live	stem			uredium parasitises live stem
stem (live)	live stem is spotted by linear, long covered by epidermis telium	Puccinia striiformis var striiformis	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia striiformis var. striiformis/	Puccinia striiformis var. striiformis	a rust fungus	linear, long covered by epidermis		telium	Foodplant / spot causer		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Poaceae/Secale cereale/	Secale cereale	rye		live	stem			linear, long covered by epidermis telium causes spots on live stem

Species	Secale cereale (Rye)
Tribe	Triticeae (wheats & barleys)
Subfamily	POOIDEAE (a subfamily of grasses)
Family	POACEAE (grasses, couch)
Order	POALES (grasses, sedges & rushes)
Class	MAGNOLIOPSIDA (flowering plants)
Phylum	TRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
Kingdom	PLANTAE (plants)
Domain	Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Life	BIOTA (living things)

Secale cereale L.
(Rye)

Interactions where Secale cereale is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

Taxonomic hierarchy:

BioInfo - Wildlife Information (UK)

Author & Year	Title	Source
Batts, C.C.V., 1951	Physiologic specialization of Puccinia graminis Pers. in south-east Scotland.	TBMS Vol 34 (4): 533-538.
Benson, R.B., 1951	Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (a)	Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol VI, Part 2(a), 49pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Booth, C., 1998	Fusarium heterosporum	I.M.I. Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria CMI Descriptions of Pathenogenic Fungi and Bacteria Sheet 572.
Braun, U., 1995	Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol 1	Phytopathogenic Hyphomycetes, 1, 333pp, IHW-Verlag
Bullock, J.A., 1992	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations	11a, 24pp, Amateur Entomologists’ Society
Cox, M.L., 2007	Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland	336pp, Pisces Publications
Dennis, R.W.G., 1995	Fungi of the South East England	383pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook	2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Grove, W.B., 1935	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia	Vol I, 488pp, Cambridge University Press
Ing, B., 1990	An Introduction to British Powdery Mildews	Mycologist Vol 4 (1) et seq.
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota	517pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Spencer, K.A., 1972	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol X. Part 5(g), 136pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Williams, M.A.J. & Spooner, B.M., 1991	Gloeotinia granigena	I.M.I. Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria CMI Descriptions of Pathenogenic Fungi and Bacteria Sheet 1081.