Picea pungens Engelm.
(Colorado Spruce)

Interactions where Picea pungens is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Filters:

Affected Part		Summary			Taxon	Vernacular	Classification	References	Darwin Classification of Active Taxon	Active Taxon	Active Vernacular	Active Taxon Uncertain	Active State	Active Part	Active Stage	Relationship	Relationship Uncertain	Relationship Geography	Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon	Passive Taxon	Passive Vernacular	Passive Taxon Uncertain	Passive State	Passive Part	Passive Stage	Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon	Indoors etc	Season	Summary
branch (dead, attached)		dead, attached branch is decayed by erumpent coelomycetous anamorph			Tryblidiopsis pinastri	a discomycete	Rhytismatales: Rhytismataceae	Tryblidiopsis pinastri (Pers.: Fr.) P. Karst., Minter, D.W., 1996	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Rhytismatales/Rhytismataceae/Tryblidiopsis pinastri/	Tryblidiopsis pinastri	a discomycete		erumpent		coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Pinaceae/Picea pungens/	Picea pungens	Colorado spruce		dead, attached	branch				(1-4)	erumpent coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead, attached branch
branch (dead, attached)		dead, attached branch is decayed by erumpent, shortly stalked apothecium			Tryblidiopsis pinastri	a discomycete	Rhytismatales: Rhytismataceae	Tryblidiopsis pinastri (Pers.: Fr.) P. Karst., Minter, D.W., 1996	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Rhytismatales/Rhytismataceae/Tryblidiopsis pinastri/	Tryblidiopsis pinastri	a discomycete		erumpent, shortly stalked		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Pinaceae/Picea pungens/	Picea pungens	Colorado spruce		dead, attached	branch				(5-7)	erumpent, shortly stalked apothecium is saprobic on dead, attached branch
bud (characteristically twisted, swollen)		characteristically twisted, swollen bud is swollen by crowded pseudothecium			Cucurbitaria piceae	an ascomycete	Pleosporales: Cucurbitariaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 British Parasitic Fungi, Moore, W.C., 1959	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Cucurbitariaceae/Cucurbitaria piceae/	Cucurbitaria piceae	an ascomycete		crowded		pseudothecium	Foodplant / false gall		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Pinaceae/Picea pungens/	Picea pungens	Colorado spruce		characteristically twisted, swollen	bud				(6-12)	crowded pseudothecium causes swelling of characteristically twisted, swollen bud
bud (Gemmamyces infected)		Gemmamyces infected bud is associate of clustered, superficial pycnidium of Megaloseptoria coelomycetous anamorph			Megaloseptoria mirabilis	a coelomycete		Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Megaloseptoria mirabilis/	Megaloseptoria mirabilis	a coelomycete		clustered, superficial	pycnidium	Megaloseptoria coelomycetous anamorph	Plant / associate			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Pinaceae/Picea pungens/	Picea pungens	Colorado spruce		Gemmamyces infected	bud					clustered, superficial pycnidium of Megaloseptoria coelomycetous anamorph is associated with Gemmamyces infected bud
needle (first year) (live)		live needle (first year) is parasitised by hypophyllous telium			Chrysomyxa abietis	Spruce Needle Cushion Rust	Pucciniales: Coleosporiaceae	Chrysomyxa abietis, Mordue, J.E.M. & Gibson, I.A.S., 1978	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Coleosporiaceae/Chrysomyxa abietis/	Chrysomyxa abietis	spruce needle cushion rust		hypophyllous		telium	Foodplant / parasite			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Pinaceae/Picea pungens/	Picea pungens	Colorado spruce		live	needle (first year)				(3-5)	hypophyllous telium parasitises live needle (first year)
needle (dead)		dead needle is decayed by superficial, clustered, hypophyllous pycnidium of Rhizosphaera coelomycetous anamorph			Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii	Rhizosphaera Needle Cast - causative organism	Venturiales: Venturiaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Venturiales/Venturiaceae/Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii/	Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii	Rhizosphaera needle cast (causative organism)		superficial, clustered, hypophyllous	pycnidium	Rhizosphaera coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Pinaceae/Picea pungens/	Picea pungens	Colorado spruce		dead	needle		Major		(late winter to early spring)	superficial, clustered, hypophyllous pycnidium of Rhizosphaera coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead needle
needle (live, yellow mottled)		live, yellow mottled needle may be infected and damaged by Rhizosphaera coelomycetous anamorph			Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii	Rhizosphaera Needle Cast - causative organism	Venturiales: Venturiaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Venturiales/Venturiaceae/Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii/	Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii	Rhizosphaera needle cast (causative organism)				Rhizosphaera coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / pathogen		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Pinaceae/Picea pungens/	Picea pungens	Colorado spruce		live, yellow mottled	needle		Major		(mid- to late summer)	Rhizosphaera coelomycetous anamorph infects and damages live, yellow mottled needle
root (live)		live root is ectomycorrhizal host of Fruitbody			Russula recondita	a brittlegill	Russulales: Russulaceae	Analysis of morphological, ecological and molecular characters of Russula pectinatoides Peck and Russula praetervisa Sarnari, with a description of the new taxon Russula recondita Melera & Ostellari, Melera, S., Ostellari, C., Roemer, N., Avis, P.G.,Tonolla, M.,Barja, F. & Narduzzi-Wicht, B., 2017	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Russulaceae/Russula recondita/	Russula recondita	a brittlegill				Fruitbody	Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Pinaceae/Picea pungens/	Picea pungens	Colorado spruce		live	root					Fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root
twig (dead, attached)		dead, attached twig is decayed by erumpent, shortly stalked apothecium			Tryblidiopsis pinastri	a discomycete	Rhytismatales: Rhytismataceae	Tryblidiopsis pinastri (Pers.: Fr.) P. Karst., Minter, D.W., 1996	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Rhytismatales/Rhytismataceae/Tryblidiopsis pinastri/	Tryblidiopsis pinastri	a discomycete		erumpent, shortly stalked		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Pinaceae/Picea pungens/	Picea pungens	Colorado spruce		dead, attached	twig				(5-7)	erumpent, shortly stalked apothecium is saprobic on dead, attached twig
twig (dead, attached)		dead, attached twig is decayed by erumpent coelomycetous anamorph			Tryblidiopsis pinastri	a discomycete	Rhytismatales: Rhytismataceae	Tryblidiopsis pinastri (Pers.: Fr.) P. Karst., Minter, D.W., 1996	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Rhytismatales/Rhytismataceae/Tryblidiopsis pinastri/	Tryblidiopsis pinastri	a discomycete		erumpent		coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Pinaceae/Picea pungens/	Picea pungens	Colorado spruce		dead, attached	twig				(1-4)	erumpent coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead, attached twig

Author & Year	Title	Source
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook	2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Grove, W.B., 1935	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia	Vol I, 488pp, Cambridge University Press
Melera, S., Ostellari, C., Roemer, N., Avis, P.G.,Tonolla, M.,Barja, F. & Narduzzi-Wicht, B., 2017	Analysis of morphological, ecological and molecular characters of Russula pectinatoides Peck and Russula praetervisa Sarnari, with a description of the new taxon Russula recondita Melera & Ostellari	Mycological Progress Vol 16 (2): 117-134.
Minter, D.W., 1996	Tryblidiopsis pinastri (Pers.: Fr.) P. Karst.	I.M.I. Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria CMI Descriptions of Pathenogenic Fungi and Bacteria Sheet 1299.
Moore, W.C., 1959	British Parasitic Fungi	430pp, Cambridge University Press
Mordue, J.E.M. & Gibson, I.A.S., 1978	Chrysomyxa abietis	I.M.I. Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria CMI Descriptions of Pathenogenic Fungi and Bacteria Sheet 576.

Picea pungens (Colorado Spruce) may also be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Picea
(spruces)

PINACEAE
(pines, firs, spruces, cedars, larches)

PINOPSIDA
(conifers)

TRACHEOPHYTA
(vascular plants)

PLANTAE
(plants)

Introduced conifers
(conifers grown in Britain, but not native)

Evergreen trees and shrubs
(evergreens)

Trees with bark of low pH
(acid-barked trees)

Trees
(broadleaved and coniferous trees)

Ectomycorrhizal trees and shrubs
(ectomycorrhizal or ectotrophic mycorrhizal trees and shrubs)

Trees and shrubs
(trees and shrubs, including conifers)

Trees, shrubs, woody and climbing plants
(trees, shrubs, subshrubs and climbers, including conifers)

Subtaxon				Rank	Featured subtaxa	No of interactions	No of references
Picea pungens argentea a Colorado spruce				Variety		2 trophisms
Picea pungens Glauca group Colorado Blue-spruce				Group		3 trophisms

Taxonomic hierarchy:

Species	Picea pungens (Colorado Spruce)
Genus	Picea (spruces)
Family	PINACEAE (pines, firs, spruces, cedars, larches)
Order	PINALES (conifers)
Class	PINOPSIDA (conifers)
Phylum	TRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
Kingdom	PLANTAE (plants)
Domain	Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Life	BIOTA (living things)

NBN

NBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Picea pungens (Colorado Spruce)

Picea pungens (Colorado Spruce) may be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

PINOPSIDA
(conifers)

TRACHEOPHYTA
(vascular plants)

PLANTAE
(plants)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Trees
(broadleaved and coniferous trees)

Trees and shrubs
(trees and shrubs, including conifers)

Trees, shrubs, woody and climbing plants
(trees, shrubs, subshrubs and climbers, including conifers)

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Picea pungens (Colorado Spruce):

Picea
(spruces)

PINACEAE
(pines, firs, spruces, cedars, larches)

PINOPSIDA
(conifers)

TRACHEOPHYTA
(vascular plants)

PLANTAE
(plants)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Trees
(broadleaved and coniferous trees)

Ectomycorrhizal trees and shrubs
(ectomycorrhizal or ectotrophic mycorrhizal trees and shrubs)

Trees and shrubs
(trees and shrubs, including conifers)

Trees, shrubs, woody and climbing plants
(trees, shrubs, subshrubs and climbers, including conifers)

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