Knautia arvensis (L.) Coult.
(Field Scabious)

Interactions where Knautia arvensis is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Filters:

Affected Part		Summary			Taxon	Vernacular	Classification	References	Darwin Classification of Active Taxon	Active Taxon	Active Vernacular	Active Taxon Uncertain	Active State	Active Part	Active Stage	Relationship	Relationship Uncertain	Relationship Geography	Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon	Passive Taxon	Passive Vernacular	Passive Taxon Uncertain	Passive State	Passive Part	Passive Stage	Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon	Indoors etc	Season	Summary
(live)		live has sap sucked by			Macrosiphum rosae	Rose Aphid	Hemiptera: Aphididae	Aphids Recorded on Cultivated Plants in Norway 1946-1962, Fjelddalen, J., 1964	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Aphididae/Macrosiphum (Macrosiphum) rosae/	Macrosiphum (Macrosiphum) rosae	rose aphid					Foodplant / sap sucker		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Knautia arvensis/	Knautia arvensis	field scabious		live						sucks sap of live
(live)		live is parasitised by cleistothecium			Erysiphe knautiae	Scabious Mildew	Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 An Introduction to British Powdery Mildews, Ing, B., 1990	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Erysiphales/Erysiphaceae/Erysiphe knautiae/	Erysiphe knautiae	scabious mildew				cleistothecium	Foodplant / parasite		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Knautia arvensis/	Knautia arvensis	field scabious		live						cleistothecium parasitises live
(live)		live is parasitised by conidial anamorph			Erysiphe knautiae	Scabious Mildew	Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 An Introduction to British Powdery Mildews, Ing, B., 1990	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Erysiphales/Erysiphaceae/Erysiphe knautiae/	Erysiphe knautiae	scabious mildew				conidial anamorph	Foodplant / parasite		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Knautia arvensis/	Knautia arvensis	field scabious		live						conidial anamorph parasitises live
anther (live)		live anther is parasitised by embedded sorus			Microbotryum flosculorum	a microbotryan smut	Microbotryales: Microbotryaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 Additions and amendments to the list of British smut fungi, Spooner, B.M. & Legon, N.W., 2006	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Microbotryales/Microbotryaceae/Microbotryum flosculorum/	Microbotryum flosculorum	a microbotryan smut		embedded	sorus		Foodplant / parasite		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Knautia arvensis/	Knautia arvensis	field scabious		live	anther					embedded sorus parasitises live anther
anther (live)		live anther is parasitised by sorus			Microbotryum scabiosae	Field Scabious Pale Smut	Microbotryales: Microbotryaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 Additions and amendments to the list of British smut fungi, Spooner, B.M. & Legon, N.W., 2006	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Microbotryales/Microbotryaceae/Microbotryum scabiosae/	Microbotryum scabiosae	field scabious pale smut			sorus		Foodplant / parasite		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Knautia arvensis/	Knautia arvensis	field scabious		live	anther				(7-8)	sorus parasitises live anther
leaf (midrib, blade)		leaf (midrib, blade) is mined by larva			Phytomyza nigritella	a leaf-mining fly	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Phytomyza nigritella/	Phytomyza nigritella	a leaf-mining fly				larva	Foodplant / miner			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Knautia arvensis/	Knautia arvensis	field scabious			leaf (midrib, blade)		Minor			larva mines leaf (midrib, blade)
leaf (midrib)		leaf (midrib) may house puparium			Phytomyza nigritella	a leaf-mining fly	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Phytomyza nigritella/	Phytomyza nigritella	a leaf-mining fly				puparium	Plant / resting place / within			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Knautia arvensis/	Knautia arvensis	field scabious			leaf (midrib)		Minor			puparium may be found in leaf (midrib)
leaf		leaf is mined by larva			Aulagromyza similis	a leaf-mining fly	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Aulagromyza similis/	Aulagromyza similis	a leaf-mining fly				larva	Foodplant / miner			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Knautia arvensis/	Knautia arvensis	field scabious			leaf					larva mines leaf
leaf		leaf is mined by solitary larva			Chromatomyia ramosa	a leaf-mining fly	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Agromyzidae Newsletter No 3, August 2017, Anon, 2017	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Chromatomyia ramosa/	Chromatomyia ramosa	a leaf-mining fly		solitary		larva	Foodplant / miner			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Knautia arvensis/	Knautia arvensis	field scabious			leaf					solitary larva mines leaf
leaf		leaf is grazed by larva			Abia nitens	Scabious Clubhorn	Hymenoptera: Cimbicidae	Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (a), Benson, R.B., 1951	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Cimbicidae/Abia nitens/	Abia nitens	scabious clubhorn				larva	Foodplant / open feeder			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Knautia arvensis/	Knautia arvensis	field scabious			leaf					larva grazes on leaf
leaf (live)		live leaf is spotted by			Peronospora knautiae	(A Downy Mildew)	Peronosporales: Peronosporaceae	Peronospora knautiae, Hall, G., 1994	/Chromista/Oomycota/Peronosporea/Peronosporales/Peronosporaceae/Peronospora knautiae/	Peronospora knautiae	(a downy mildew)					Foodplant / spot causer		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Knautia arvensis/	Knautia arvensis	field scabious		live	leaf					causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live)		live leaf is spotted by mostly hypophyllous colony of Ramularia anamorph			Ramularia tricherae	an anamorphic fungus	Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae	Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol II, Braun, U., 1998 Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Ramularia tricherae/	Ramularia tricherae	an anamorphic fungus		mostly hypophyllous	colony	Ramularia anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Knautia arvensis/	Knautia arvensis	field scabious		live	leaf					mostly hypophyllous colony of Ramularia anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live)		live leaf is spotted by central, 1-3 per spot, minute, black pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph			Septoria scabiosicola	a leaf-spot fungus	Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae	Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Septoria scabiosicola/	Septoria scabiosicola	a leaf-spot fungus		central, 1-3 per spot, minute, black	pycnidium	Septoria coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Knautia arvensis/	Knautia arvensis	field scabious		live	leaf				(9-10)	central, 1-3 per spot, minute, black pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live)		live leaf is spotted by pycnidium of Ascochyta coelomycetous anamorph			Ascochyta scabiosae	a coelomycete	Pleosporales	Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995 British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935 British Parasitic Fungi, Moore, W.C., 1959	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Ascochyta scabiosae/	Ascochyta scabiosae	a coelomycete			pycnidium	Ascochyta coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Knautia arvensis/	Knautia arvensis	field scabious		live	leaf					pycnidium of Ascochyta coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on live leaf
petal (live)		live petal is parasitised by colony of sporangium			Peronospora violacea	a downy mildew	Peronosporales: Peronosporaceae	Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 A Checklist of the Downy Mildews (Peronosporaceae) of the British Isles, Preece, T.F., 2002	/Chromista/Oomycota/Peronosporea/Peronosporales/Peronosporaceae/Peronospora violacea/	Peronospora violacea	a downy mildew			colony	sporangium	Foodplant / parasite		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Knautia arvensis/	Knautia arvensis	field scabious		live	petal					colony of sporangium parasitises live petal
pollen		pollen is collected to provision nest of female			Andrena hattorfiana	Large Scabious Mining Bee	Hymenoptera: Andrenidae	Forage, prey and host-parasite relationships of aculeates, Macdonald, M.A., 2007	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Andrenidae/Andrena hattorfiana/	Andrena hattorfiana	large scabious mining bee				female	Foodplant / nest		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Knautia arvensis/	Knautia arvensis	field scabious			pollen					female provisions nest with pollen
pollen		pollen is collected to provision nest of female			Andrena marginata	Small Scabious Mining Bee	Hymenoptera: Andrenidae	Forage, prey and host-parasite relationships of aculeates, Macdonald, M.A., 2007	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Andrenidae/Andrena marginata/	Andrena marginata	small scabious mining bee				female	Foodplant / nest		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Knautia arvensis/	Knautia arvensis	field scabious			pollen					female provisions nest with pollen

Author & Year	Title	Source
Anon, 2017	Agromyzidae Newsletter No 3, August 2017	Agromyzidae Recording Scheme Newsletter.
Benson, R.B., 1951	Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (a)	Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol VI, Part 2(a), 49pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Braun, U., 1998	Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol II	Phytopathogenic Hyphomycetes, 2, 493pp, IHW-Verlag
Dennis, R.W.G., 1995	Fungi of the South East England	383pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook	2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Fjelddalen, J., 1964	Aphids Recorded on Cultivated Plants in Norway 1946-1962	Norsk. Ent. Tidskr. 12: 259-295.
Grove, W.B., 1935	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia	Vol I, 488pp, Cambridge University Press
Hall, G., 1994	Peronospora knautiae	I.M.I. Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria CMI Descriptions of Pathenogenic Fungi and Bacteria Sheet 1196.
Ing, B., 1990	An Introduction to British Powdery Mildews	Mycologist Vol 4 (1) et seq.
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota	517pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Macdonald, M.A., 2007	Forage, prey and host-parasite relationships of aculeates
Moore, W.C., 1959	British Parasitic Fungi	430pp, Cambridge University Press
Preece, T.F., 2002	A Checklist of the Downy Mildews (Peronosporaceae) of the British Isles	33pp, British Mycological Society
Spencer, K.A., 1972	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol X. Part 5(g), 136pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Spooner, B.M. & Legon, N.W., 2006	Additions and amendments to the list of British smut fungi	Mycologist 20 (3): 90-96.

Knautia arvensis (Field Scabious) may also be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

CAPRIFOLIACEAE
(honeysuckles, scabiouses and valerians)

EU-DICOTS
(dicotyledonous flowering plants)

MAGNOLIOPSIDA
(flowering plants)

TRACHEOPHYTA
(vascular plants)

PLANTAE
(plants)

Taxonomic hierarchy:

Species	Knautia arvensis (Field Scabious)
Genus	Knautia (a genus of flowering plants)
Family	CAPRIFOLIACEAE (honeysuckles, scabiouses and valerians)
Order	DIPSACALES (elder, honeysuckles, valerians, scabiouses and teasels)
Subclass	EU-DICOTS (dicotyledonous flowering plants)
Class	MAGNOLIOPSIDA (flowering plants)
Phylum	TRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
Kingdom	PLANTAE (plants)
Domain	Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Life	BIOTA (living things)

NBN

NBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Knautia arvensis (Field Scabious)

Knautia arvensis (Field Scabious) may be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

CAPRIFOLIACEAE
(honeysuckles, scabiouses and valerians)

MAGNOLIOPSIDA
(flowering plants)

TRACHEOPHYTA
(vascular plants)

PLANTAE
(plants)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Knautia arvensis (Field Scabious):

CAPRIFOLIACEAE
(honeysuckles, scabiouses and valerians)

MAGNOLIOPSIDA
(flowering plants)

TRACHEOPHYTA
(vascular plants)

PLANTAE
(plants)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

BioImages

BioImages (www.bioimages.org.uk) has 37 images of Knautia arvensis (Field Scabious)

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