Viola tricolor L.
(Wild Pansy)

Interactions where Viola tricolor is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Filters:

Affected Part Summary Taxon Vernacular Classification References Darwin Classification of Active Taxon Active Taxon Active Vernacular Active Taxon Uncertain Active State Active Part Active Stage Relationship Relationship Uncertain Relationship Geography Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon Passive Taxon Passive Vernacular Passive Taxon Uncertain Passive State Passive Part Passive Stage Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon Indoors etc Season Summary
(live) live is parasitised by UK/Ireland Golovinomyces orontii a polyphagous powdery mildew Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae An Introduction to British Powdery Mildews, Ing, B., 1990
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Erysiphales/Erysiphaceae/Golovinomyces orontii/Golovinomyces orontiia polyphagous powdery mildew Foodplant / parasiteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Malpighiales/Violaceae/Viola tricolor/Viola tricolorwild pansylive parasitises live
leaf leaf is foodplant of larva Ametastegia pallipes a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Ametastegia pallipes/Ametastegia pallipesa sawflylarva Foodplant / feeds on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Malpighiales/Violaceae/Viola tricolor/Viola tricolorwild pansyleaf larva feeds on leaf
leaf (fading) fading leaf is spotted by mostly epiphyllous, numerous, immersed pycnidium of Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph UK/IrelandMinor Phyllosticta violae a coelomycete Botryosphaeriales: Phyllostictaceae British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Botryosphaeriales/Phyllostictaceae/Phyllosticta violae/Phyllosticta violaea coelomycetemostly epiphyllous, numerous, immersedpycnidiumPhyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / spot causerUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Malpighiales/Violaceae/Viola tricolor/Viola tricolorwild pansyfadingleafMinor (6-8)mostly epiphyllous, numerous, immersed pycnidium of Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on fading leaf
leaf (fading) fading leaf is spotted by epiphyllous, numerous, scattered, brownish pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Septoria violae a coelomycete Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Septoria violae/Septoria violaea coelomyceteepiphyllous, numerous, scattered, brownishpycnidiumSeptoria coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / spot causerUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Malpighiales/Violaceae/Viola tricolor/Viola tricolorwild pansyfadingleaf (8-9)epiphyllous, numerous, scattered, brownish pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on fading leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is parasitised by hypophyllous sporangium UK/Ireland Peronospora violae Pansy Downy Mildew Peronosporales: Peronosporaceae Peronospora violae, Hall, G., 1980
A Checklist of the Downy Mildews (Peronosporaceae) of the British Isles, Preece, T.F., 2002
 /Chromista/Oomycota/Peronosporea/Peronosporales/Peronosporaceae/Peronospora violae/Peronospora violaepansy downy mildewhypophylloussporangium Foodplant / parasiteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Malpighiales/Violaceae/Viola tricolor/Viola tricolorwild pansyliveleaf (10)11-)hypophyllous sporangium parasitises live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is spotted by mostly epiphyllous, numerous, immersed pycnidium of Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph UK/IrelandMinor Phyllosticta violae a coelomycete Botryosphaeriales: Phyllostictaceae British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Botryosphaeriales/Phyllostictaceae/Phyllosticta violae/Phyllosticta violaea coelomycetemostly epiphyllous, numerous, immersedpycnidiumPhyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / spot causerUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Malpighiales/Violaceae/Viola tricolor/Viola tricolorwild pansyliveleafMinor (6-8)mostly epiphyllous, numerous, immersed pycnidium of Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is spotted by amphigenous, gregarious, punctiform, greyish white caespituli of Ramularia anamorph UK/Ireland Ramularia agrestis var agrestis an anamorphic fungus Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol II, Braun, U., 1998
Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Ramularia agrestis var. agrestis/Ramularia agrestis var. agrestisan anamorphic fungusamphigenous, gregarious, punctiform, greyish whitecaespituliRamularia anamorph Foodplant / spot causerUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Malpighiales/Violaceae/Viola tricolor/Viola tricolorwild pansyliveleaf amphigenous, gregarious, punctiform, greyish white caespituli of Ramularia anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is spotted by punctiform to effuse, whitish caespituli of Ramularia anamorph Foreign Ramularia agrestis var deflectens an anamorphic fungus Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol II, Braun, U., 1998
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Ramularia agrestis var. deflectens/Ramularia agrestis var. deflectensan anamorphic funguspunctiform to effuse, whitishcaespituliRamularia anamorph Foodplant / spot causerForeign /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Malpighiales/Violaceae/Viola tricolor/Viola tricolorwild pansyliveleaf punctiform to effuse, whitish caespituli of Ramularia anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf may be infected and damaged by amphigenous colony of Mycocentrospora anamorph Captivity Mycocentrospora acerina Carrot Liquorice Rot, Celery Crown or Crown and Stalk Rot (causative organisms) Pleosporales Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol 1, Braun, U., 1995
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Mycocentrospora acerina/Mycocentrospora acerinacarrot liquorice rot, celery crown or crown and stalk rot (causative organisms)amphigenouscolonyMycocentrospora anamorph Foodplant / pathogen /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Malpighiales/Violaceae/Viola tricolor/Viola tricolorwild pansyliveleaf Indoors, in greenhouse, captivity, culture or experimentally inducedamphigenous colony of Mycocentrospora anamorph infects and damages live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf has leaves shot holed by sessile, often confluent sporodochium of Myrothecium dematiaceous anamorph Myrothecium roridum Viola Stem Rot - causative organism Hypocreales Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Myrothecium roridum/Myrothecium roridumviola stem rot - causative organismsessile, often confluentsporodochiumMyrothecium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / shot hole causer /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Malpighiales/Violaceae/Viola tricolor/Viola tricolorwild pansyliveleaf (6-7)sessile, often confluent sporodochium of Myrothecium dematiaceous anamorph causes shot holes on live leaf
stipule (fading) fading stipule is spotted by epiphyllous, numerous, scattered, brownish pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Septoria violae a coelomycete Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Septoria violae/Septoria violaea coelomyceteepiphyllous, numerous, scattered, brownishpycnidiumSeptoria coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / spot causerUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Malpighiales/Violaceae/Viola tricolor/Viola tricolorwild pansyfadingstipule (8-9)epiphyllous, numerous, scattered, brownish pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on fading stipule

Author & YearTitleSource
Benson, R.B., 1952Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b)Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol VI, Part 2(b), 137pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Braun, U., 1995Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol 1Phytopathogenic Hyphomycetes, 1, 333pp, IHW-Verlag
Braun, U., 1998Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol IIPhytopathogenic Hyphomycetes, 2, 493pp, IHW-Verlag
Dennis, R.W.G., 1995Fungi of the South East England383pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Grove, W.B., 1935British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidiaVol I, 488pp, Cambridge University Press
Hall, G., 1980Peronospora violaeI.M.I. Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria CMI Descriptions of Pathenogenic Fungi and Bacteria Sheet 977.
Ing, B., 1990An Introduction to British Powdery MildewsMycologist Vol 4 (1) et seq.
Preece, T.F., 2002A Checklist of the Downy Mildews (Peronosporaceae) of the British Isles33pp, British Mycological Society

Viola tricolor (Wild Pansy) may also be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Subtaxon Rank Featured
subtaxa		 No of
interactions		 No of
references
Viola tricolor ssp curtisii
Seaside Pansy
Subspecies 6 trophisms
Viola tricolor ssp tricolor
Wild Pansy
Subspecies 6 trophisms
Taxonomic hierarchy:
SpeciesViola tricolor (Wild Pansy)
GenusViola (violets, pansies)
FamilyVIOLACEAE (violets, pansies)
OrderMALPIGHIALES (poplars, willows, St John’s worts, spurges and violets)
SubclassEU-DICOTS (dicotyledonous flowering plants)
ClassMAGNOLIOPSIDA (flowering plants)
PhylumTRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
KingdomPLANTAE (plants)
DomainEukaryota (eukaryotes)
LifeBIOTA (living things)
NBNNBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Viola tricolor (Wild Pansy)

Viola tricolor (Wild Pansy) may be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Viola tricolor (Wild Pansy):

BioImagesBioImages (www.bioimages.org.uk) has 26 images of Viola tricolor (Wild Pansy)
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